Casablanca (from Spanish Casablanca - “white house”, Arabic. الدار البيضاء , Ed-Dar-El-Beida [2] - “white house”, Berber. ⴰⵏⴼⴰ ) - the largest and most populous city in Morocco . A large port on the shores of the Atlantic Ocean [3] , 70 km south of the capital Rabat . The administrative center of the Casablanca region is Settat , which forms the Casablanca prefecture.
| City | |||||
| Casablanca | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arab. الدار البيضاء | |||||
 | |||||
| |||||
| A country |  Morocco | ||||
| Region | Casablanca - Settat | ||||
| Prefecture | Casablanca | ||||
| The mayor | Abdelaziz El Omari | ||||
| History and Geography | |||||
| Former names | Anfa | ||||
| Square | 196 km² | ||||
| Center height | 27 m | ||||
| Climate type | tropical | ||||
| Timezone | UTC0 , summer UTC + 1 | ||||
| Population | |||||
| Population | ↗ 3,499,000 [1] people ( 2018 ) | ||||
| Density | 17 171 people / km² | ||||
| Agglomeration | ↗ 7,218,000 people (2018) | ||||
| Official language | Arab | ||||
| Digital identifiers | |||||
| Postal codes | 20000-20200 | ||||
| casablanca.ma (Fr.) (ar.) (English) (Spanish) | |||||
Content
History
In the Middle Ages, Casablanca was a wealthy city known as Anfa . It was destroyed by the Portuguese in 1468, and they themselves rebuilt in 1515 . After a strong earthquake in 1755, the city was rebuilt again. In 1907, the French occupied Casablanca. During French rule, the city grew rapidly. The modern city was built around the old Moorish city.
During World War II, Casablanca was one of the three main allied landing sites in North Africa. The Casablanca Conference (January 1943) was held in the city between US President Franklin Roosevelt and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill .
The departure of the French in 1956 after the declaration of independence of Morocco caused serious economic difficulties for Casablanca. But booming tourism and industrial growth brought prosperity back.
Climate
| Climate of Casablanca | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicator | Jan | Feb | March | Apr | May | June | July | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Absolute maximum, ° C | 31.1 | 29.4 | 32,2 | 32.8 | 35.1 | 37,4 | 38,4 | 39.0 | 40.5 | 37.8 | 34.7 | 30.3 | 40.5 |
| Average maximum, ° C | 17.3 | 18.0 | 19.6 | 20,2 | 21.9 | 24.1 | 25.8 | 26.3 | 25.7 | 23.8 | 20.9 | 18.7 | 21.9 |
| Average temperature, ° C | 12.6 | 13.7 | 15.3 | 16.5 | 18.5 | 20.9 | 22.7 | 23,2 | 22.3 | 19.8 | 16.5 | 14.2 | 18.0 |
| Average minimum ° C | 9.2 | 10,4 | 11.8 | 13,2 | 15.6 | 18.7 | 20.5 | 20.9 | 19.7 | 16.8 | 13.3 | 11.1 | 15.1 |
| Absolute minimum, ° C | 0,0 | 0,0 | 2.7 | 5,0 | 7.4 | 10.0 | 13.0 | 13.0 | 10.0 | 7.0 | 4.6 | 2.0 | 0,0 |
| Precipitation rate, mm | 62,2 | 59.0 | 50.7 | 40,2 | 18.8 | 5.8 | 0.7 | 0.4 | 4.9 | 31.1 | 74,4 | 76.6 | 424.8 |
| Water temperature ° C | 15 | sixteen | 17 | 18 | 20 | 21 | 23 | 24 | 22 | nineteen | 17 | sixteen | nineteen |
| Source: Weather and Climate , Tourism Portal , [1] | |||||||||||||
Economics and Transport
Casablanca is one of North Africa 's leading trading cities. The city is connected with the rest of the world by highways and railways, an international airport; The port is located on one of the largest man-made harbors in the world [4] . Most of Morocco's international trade passes through Casablanca.
Major exports: cereals, leather, wool and phosphates . Casablanca is also the country's main industrial center. Leading industries: fisheries, canning of fish, woodworking and furniture manufacturing, building materials industry, glass and tobacco industries. More than half of all banking transactions in Morocco are conducted in Casablanca. Casablanca hosts international trade fairs every year.
Attractions
- The main attraction of the city is the Hassan II mosque with the highest minaret in the world.
- Hassan II University (operates since 1976).
- The Russian necropolis at the Ben Msik Christian Cemetery , created in 2007 [5] and included in the "List of burial places located abroad that have historical and memorial significance for the Russian Federation" [6] . Famous figures of the Russian foreign countries are buried on it: Admiral A. I. Rusin , Professor I. P. Aleksinsky , A. S. Bekhteev, brother of the poet Sergei Bekhteev ).
- The Russian Orthodox Church of the Assumption of the Mother of God , erected in 1958 and included in the list of cultural heritage of the city in 2013 (opens during divine services).
- The Catholic Cathedral of the Sacred Heart (Sacre Coeur - the main cathedral of Casablanca, now has lost its religious function).
- Arab League Park.
- Quarter Hubbus:
- Palace of the Mahkama du Pasha.
- Moulay Youssef Mosque.
- Muhammadi Mosque.
- The market for olives.
- The Catholic Church of Our Lady of Lourdes (Notre Dame de Lourdes), operating.
- Town Hall
- SEC "Morocco Mall", the second largest in Africa, with a musical fountain and an aquarium.
- Lighthouse El Hank.
- Sidi Abderrahman Island. [7]
Administrative Areas
- Anfa
- Ain Diyab
- Ain Shuk
- Bernoussi
- Bushentuf
- Feed
- Maarif
- Midina
Casablanca
Des Far Avenue
Muhammad Square V
In popular culture
- Casablanca is a 1942 Hollywood romantic movie drama directed by director Michael Curtis with Humphrey Bogart and Ingrid Bergman . The film takes place at the beginning of World War II in the Moroccan city of Casablanca, which was at that time under the control of Vichy France [8] .
- " Allies " ( Eng. Allied ) - American film in 2016 directed by Robert Zemeckis . The action takes place during the Second World War in the city of Casablanca.
- In the computer game Dreamfall: The Longest Journey, the city appears as one of the initial locations from where the story begins of the story of the main character Zoe Castillo .
- Movie John Wick 3 .
Twin Cities
- Chicago , Illinois , USA ( 1982 ) [9]
- Montreal ( French Montréal , English Montreal ), Canada
Famous Natives
Born in Casablanca
Notes
- ↑ The population of all Moroccan cities, urban communes and urban centers with more than 20,000 (urban) inhabitants by census years (link not available) . Date of treatment December 27, 2018. Archived September 24, 2018.
- ↑ Instructions for the transfer on maps of the geographical names of Arab countries. - M .: Nauka, 1966 .-- S. 23.
- ↑ Discovering Casablanca . Africa-ata.org. Date of treatment April 17, 2011.
- ↑ Casablanca - Encyclopedia of the Orient (unavailable link) . Lexicorient.com. Date of treatment August 28, 2010. Archived January 22, 2016.
- ↑ At the invitation of the Federation of Print Media Publishers of the Kingdom of Morocco, a delegation of the Union of Russian Journalists Visited the country . Archived December 20, 2014.
- ↑ Order of the Government of the Russian Federation of November 11, 2010 N 1948-r, Moscow
- ↑ Casablanca Travel Guide . Morocco FalkTime (June 11, 2018). Circulation date May 9, 2019.
- ↑ Ossman S. Picturing Casablanca: Portraits of Power in a Modern City . - University of California Press, 1994 .-- S. 27. - 276 p. - ISBN 9780520914315 .
- ↑ Chicago Sister Cities . Archived on June 6, 2012.
Literature
- Gusterin P.V. Cities of the Arab East. - M .: East-West, 2007 .-- 352 p. - (Encyclopedic reference book). - 2000 copies. - ISBN 978-5-478-00729-4 .