Order of the NKVD of the USSR No. 001223

Order of the NKVD of the USSR No. 001223 (Also known as “ On the introduction of a unified system for the operational accounting of anti-Soviet elements identified by undercover development ”) is an order signed by Lavrenti Beria on October 11, 1939 ^[1] .

According to this order, it was necessary to organize as soon as possible the accounting of the so-called “anti-Soviet elements” (the definition was given: “all those persons who, by virtue of their social and political past, national-chauvinistic moods, religious convictions, moral and political instability, are hostile to the socialist system and therefore, they can be used by foreign intelligence services and K.R. centers for anti-Soviet purposes ”). The list of "elements" included:

1) all former members of anti-Soviet political parties, organizations and groups: Trotskyists, rightists, Socialist-Revolutionaries, Mensheviks, anarchists, etc .;

2) all former members of national-chauvinistic anti-Soviet parties, organizations and groups (Ukrainian, Belorussian, Georgian, Armenian, Turkic-Tatar, Finno-Karelian and others);

3) persons serving sentences in prisons, camps and exile for c.-r. crimes;

4) family members of persons convicted of high-grade labor and imprisonment for long periods (over 10 years) for crimes (only direct dependents who have reached 16 years of age and having no more than 60 years of age are taken into account; husband, wife, father, mother, son, daughter, sometimes - sister, brother);

5) former members of the c. uprisings and organizations;

6) former gendarmes, police officers and jailers;

7) former officers (tsarist, white, Petlyura, etc.);

8) former political bandits and volunteers of the white and other anti-Soviet armies.

9) persons expelled from the CPSU (b) and the Komsomol for anti-Party misconduct;

10) in foreign colonies: showing nationalistic sentiments - Poles, Germans, Japanese, Chinese, Koreans, Italians, Latvians, Finns, Czechs, Romanians, Greeks, etc .;

11) all defectors, watered. emigrants, re-emigrants, returnees and smugglers;

12) all foreign citizens, representatives of foreign companies, employees of foreign institutions, ex. foreign nationals, Soviet citizens, employees and employees in foreign missions, foreign companies, concessions and joint-stock companies;

13) persons having personal and written relations with foreign countries, foreign embassies and consulates, Esperantists and philatelists;

14) persons who entered the USSR in droves and who can be considered as the basis for the work of foreign intelligence (Harbins, Mongols, etc.);

15) in religious communities - churchmen, sectarians and a religious asset;

16) members of secret mystical societies and circles, masons, theosophists, theologians, etc .;

17) all former fists;

18) “former people”: the former tsarist and White Guard administration, former nobles, landlords, merchants, merchants who use wage labor), business owners and others.

The order was later used, in particular, against citizens of Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia ^[2] .