Transportation in the Nizhny Novgorod region

Kanavinsky bridge

Molitovsky Bridge

The first car appeared in Nizhny Novgorod in 1896 ^[8] . According to the traffic police for 2010, 326 thousand cars were registered in Nizhny Novgorod, which is 37% of the total number of cars registered in the Nizhny Novgorod region ^[9] .

On the territory of the Nizhny Novgorod region are federal:

• M7
• Р158

and regional highways:

• P72 Murom - Navashino ,
• P81 ,
• P125
• P152
• Р157 ,
• P159
• P160
• P161
• P162 .

The Main Road Administration of the Nizhny Novgorod Region (GUADNO) is engaged in the maintenance and construction of highways ^[10] .

At present, two federal highways M7 and P158 , the Southern Bypass of Nizhny Novgorod, pass through the city and the northern bypass project is being developed. The contribution of road transport to the atmospheric air pollution in the city is 83% ^[11] . Movement of road transport is difficult on the bridges across the Oka and the surrounding streets.

As of 2006, the density of the road network was 1.6 km / km², which is half the norm ^[12] .

In 2007–2008, construction projects for overhead pedestrian crossings were developed, which, according to the mayor, would reduce the number of installed traffic lights ^[13] , while for 2008 there were 412 traffic lights in Nizhny Novgorod ^[14] .

In April 2008, the car evacuation service began to work.

Bridges

Nizhny Novgorod is located at the confluence of two major rivers: the Oka and Volga . The greatest natural obstacle is the Oka (originally the city was laid as a fortress on the steep banks of the Oka and Volga) - it divides the city into two approximately equal parts. Traffic jams on bridges and approaches to them are the main problem of the transport infrastructure of Nizhny Novgorod ^[15] .

The upper and lower parts of the city are connected by automobile bridges across the Oka: Kanavinsky , Molitovsky , Myzinsky . Near Kanavinsky built metro bridge , combined with the road. The opening of the automobile part was held on the Day of National Unity on November 4, 2009 .

At a distance of 11 and 15 km from Mizinsky upstream are the railway Sartakovsky and the bypass Stryginsky bridges connecting the Avtozavodsky district with suburbs.

There are two permanent bridges across the Volga: a railway and a combined rail-road Borsky bridge . One of the Transsib directions passes along them: Nizhny Novgorod - Kirov .

The combined bridge is the only permanent road bridge on a 300-km stretch ^[16] . Due to the low capacity of the automobile part of the combined bridge (the width is only two lanes; a backup pontoon bridge is periodically induced, which creates serious obstacles for ships (up to 10-19 hours) when moving along the main waterway in the European part of the country). From May to September 25, 2007, the reconstruction of the automobile part of the bridge was carried out: the roadway was expanded by 1 m (0.5 m on each side ^[17] ), new waterproofing and pavement were laid, some of the temperature joints were replaced with new, German-made . During the reconstruction, for the crossing were used: 1 lane of the automobile bridge, a draw-bridge pontoon bridge and three ferries. 110 million rubles were spent on repairs ^[17] . Presumably the expansion of the road and the replacement of asphalt pavement will allow cars to reach speeds of up to 40 km / h, as a result of which the bridge’s carrying capacity will increase 1.6 times ^[17] .

In 2009, the cable-stayed bridge on the R72 Murom - Navashino highway was commissioned, replacing the pontoon bridge , which operated only in the summer and had a small carrying capacity ^[18] .

It is planned to build a bridge with a length of 1500 m along a low-pressure dam in the area of ​​the Greater Kozino and a toll beam bridge in the area of ​​Podnov'ya ^[15] .

Regular shipping is carried out along the Volga , Oka , Vetluga and Sura ^[19] . The largest ports are Nizhny Novgorod, Dzerzhinsky, Gorodetsky, Borsky and Kstovsky.

The regional center is located on the spit of two large rivers - the Oka and Volga . On the territory of the city there are: river station , cargo port , backwater , several berths for cargo transshipment. The question of the transfer of the cargo port and the construction in its place of the business center "City-arrow" is being discussed ^[20] .

In order to expand the capabilities of the existing port, taking into account the need for its further transfer, a site for the construction of a new complex was chosen for transshipment of mineral construction goods in the Moscow district ^[21] .

In 2008, the company “ Logoprom - Bor transportation ” under the brand “River Express" Star "" began the implementation of the year-round high-speed ferry Nizhny Novgorod ↔ Bor ^[22] . In March 2009, the hovercraft fleet consisted of three ten-seater Khivus vessels and a twenty-three Mars vessel. ^[22] In the first year of operation, 200 thousand passengers were transported ^[23] . On November 30, 2009, the 300 thousandth passenger was transported ^[24] . A break in navigation is required only for the freeze-up period ^[25] .

On May 12, 2010, in connection with the closure of the Kanavinsky Bridge, a water crossing was opened from ul. Akimov before the Alexander Garden ^[26] .

In the area there are several airports and air bases. As of 2011, regular flights are operated from the Nizhny Novgorod International Airport.

Helipads

On the territory of Nizhny Novgorod - several helicopter pads. The most famous are on the rowing canal and at the turn to the Green City from the M7 highway .

The helipad in Shcherbinki was used for the delivery of A. D. Sakharov during his exile from Gorky to Sarov ( Arzamas-16 ).

The railroad appeared in 1862 .

In Nizhny Novgorod is the leadership of the Gorky Railway . On July 30, 2010, the Moscow - Nizhny Novgorod high-speed movement was opened ^[27] .

All rail lines in the region are part of the Gorky Railway , which is located in Nizhny Novgorod. The main railway junctions are located on the territory of Nizhny Novgorod and Arzamas. On the Moscow-Nizhny Novgorod branch, since 2010, the Sapsan train has opened at high speed.

Narrow-gauge railways in the region:

• The narrow-gauge railway of the Caprolactam plant is located in the industrial zone of the city of Dzerzhinsk .
• The narrow-gauge railway of the Peshelanskiy plaster plant “Decor-1” is located in the vicinity of the city of Arzamas .
• Narrow-gauge railway of Altsevsky peat -based enterprise - located in the Tonshaevsky district of the village of Pizhma
• The narrow-gauge railway of the Kerzhensky peat enterprise is located in the Borsky district of the village of Kerzhenets .

• Nizhny Novgorod Region
• Nizhny Novgorod Transport