Notker German (Notker Teutonicus, nother der Deutsche ), also known as Notker Labeo, sometimes Notker III (circa 950 - June 28, 1022) is a Benedictine monk, linguist, writer. The head of the school of St. Gallen monastery in its heyday. Also known as the first commentator of Aristotle in the Middle Ages .
| Notker German | |
|---|---|
 Notker German, bas-relief in the Monastery of St. Gall | |
| Date of Birth | 950 |
| Place of Birth |
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| Date of death | June 28, 1022 |
| Place of death | |
| Occupation | , , , , |
Biography
Notker was born in about 950 in a noble family from Thurgau and was a nephew of Eckhard I. He was sent to the Monastery of Saint Gall as a boy, where he received a good education thanks to constant reading. After graduation, he stayed in the monastery as a teacher, and then (under Abbé Burkhart II) headed the monastic school. Notker's contemporaries admired him as a theologian, philologist, mathematician, astronomer, musician, and poet. He spoke about his work in letters to Bishop Hugo of Sion (998-1017), and we also know about his activities from the texts of his pupil Ekkehard IV . Among the other students of Notker are Bishop of Constanza Solomon III and the wandering scientist Bateri.
The death of Notker from the plague on June 27, 1022 was mentioned in the monastic obituary.
Notker translated several texts from Latin into German (Old High German) language. He mentions eleven of his translations, of which five are preserved: (1) Boethius , “Consolation of Philosophy”; (2) Marcian Chapel , "Wedding" ; (3) Aristotle , "Categories" ; (4) Aristotle, "On Interpretation"; (5) Psalms . Among the lost is the Book of Job , on which he worked for more than five years, the Vergilian “Bukoliki” and “Andriy” Terence .
Among his own writings are Notker's “New Rhetoric,” “New Paschalia,” and several small Latin texts, the grammar of the ancient High German language . Five small musical-theoretical treatises known to modern medievalists (about organization pipelines, frets and monochords ), sometimes attributed to Notker Gubastom, may have been compiled by him for didactic purposes, for the initial training of the monks of the St. Gallen monastic school.
Notker is considered one of the pioneers of German literature, his achievements in it are wonderful. He owned both Latin and German with equal ease. Frequent quotes from the writings of the Fathers of the Church. Nocker's writing style is bright and poetic.
Literature
- Schoolmasters of the Tenth Century . Cora E. Lutz, Archon Books (1977).
- Lebedev S.N. Notker Gubasty // Great Russian Encyclopedia . T.23. Moscow, 2013, p.355-356.
Links
- Notker, Labeo // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron : 86 tons. (82 tons and 4 extra.). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- Biography (German)
- Boethius, De Consolatione philosophiae (Bibl. Augustana) (German)