USSR Internal Troops

During the Civil War

After the October Revolution in the RSFSR , the issue of organizing internal security arose sharply. It required the creation of state bodies that were able to prevent both the counter-revolutionary movement and to fight crime in the territories controlled by it.

To this end, in the period from January to March 1918 the first armed units were created at the Cheka and the emergency commissions on the ground.

Later in March 1918, the local detachments of the People’s Commissariats merged into the Combat Units of the Cheka.

The RSFSR also resolves the issue of reorganizing the convoy service . For this purpose, by order of the People's Commissar for Military Affairs of the RSFSR of April 20, 1918, the previously existing convoy guard was reorganized. To control it, the Main Inspection of the Convoy Guard under the People's Commissariat of Justice of the RSFSR was created

On June 13, 1918, by order of the People’s Commissariat of War, all armed detachments in the capital and in the provinces were united into the Corps of the Cheka and the headquarters in Moscow .

In May 1919, the decree “On auxiliary troops” created the Republic’s Internal Security Forces ( VOKhR ), which included all auxiliary troops at the disposal of the economic departments - the People’s Commissariat for Food and Food . The same decision renamed the Cheka ’s Headquarters the VOKhR Troops , and in June - to the Main Directorate of the VOKhR troops . The sectors of VOKhR were created for territorial responsibility: Moscow, Kursk, Petrograd, East, Kiev.

On September 1, 1920, the Council of Labor and Defense adopted a decree on the creation of the Internal Service Forces ( VNUS ). They included VOKhR troops , guard troops , troops of the railway defense , the railway police and the water police .

On September 17, 1920, the Council of Labor and Defense, by its Resolution, equated all employees of the Cheka with the soldiers of the Red Army .

January 19, 1921 all the units and units of the Cheka were transformed into a special type of troops - the troops of the Cheka .

On February 6, 1922, the Cheka was canceled and the State Political Administration (GPU) was created under the NKVD of the RSFSR ^{[2] [3]} .

Pre-war period

On November 15, 1923, in connection with the formation of the USSR, a resolution was adopted on the reorganization of the GPU under the NKVD of the RSFSR into the Joint State Political Administration (OGPU) under the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR , a little later enshrined in Chapter IX “On the United State Political Administration” of the first USSR Constitution of 1924 ^{[4 ]} - the basic law of the state.
In this period after the Civil War , the young Soviet state solves problems in the fight against crime and the protection of state borders.

In July 1924, the Convoy Guard was reassigned from the OGPU to the control of the People's Commissariats of the Interior of the Union Republics.

In August 1924, the Council of Labor and Defense issued a decree “On the Formation of the Convoy Guard of the USSR and on the Organization of the Central Directorate of Convoy Guard in Moscow”. According to the decree, the Convoy Guard acquired the status of an independent type of troops .

On the territory of Central Asia and Kazakhstan, troops of the escort guard (the formula was also often found - OGPU troops) together with the border guard troops and parts of the Red Army, for a long time participated in the fight against basmachi ^[5] .

On October 30, 1925, the Central Executive Committee and the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR, in the decree "On the convoy guard of the USSR," create the Central Directorate of the Convoy Guard of the USSR , which reports directly to the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR . The issues of manning the Convoy Guard , as well as material and technical supplies were assigned to the bodies of the People's Commissariat for Military and Naval Affairs . The organizational structure of the escort teams was reduced to the army in the Red Army (platoon, company, battalion, regiment). In this order, the troops of the Convoy Guard were consolidated into 2 divisions and 6 separate brigades with a total personnel of 14,880 people.

On December 1, 1931, it was decided to transfer to the OGPU all departmental militarized guards of industrial enterprises . It was supposed to protect objects (depending on defense significance) by the police and newly formed military units of the OGPU, and to liquidate the militarized security during 1932 ^[6] .

On December 4, 1931 , the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR assigned to the OGPU troops the protection and defense of railway facilities. The NKPS rifle guards were reorganized into military units guarding railway structures ^[7] . Thousands of trained officers of the NKPS rifle guard continued to serve at the OGPU, including in command positions. For example, N.V. Vasiliev - future Soviet military leader, lieutenant general (1944), who served in the security of the NKPS of the USSR from 1923 to 1932, colonel of the NKVD of the USSR N.V. Solodov and others.

On July 10, 1934, the CEC of the USSR decided to create the All-Union People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs (NKVD). By the same decree, the OGPU troops were divided into border and internal guards of the NKVD of the USSR.

With the beginning of the process of dispossession and collectivization throughout the USSR, foci of social tension began to arise, ranging from riots and riots up to armed resistance to the authorities. In this regard, the load on the formations carrying out the convoying of a large number of people across the country has increased. In this regard, in August 1934, the personnel of the escort troops was increased by 20 thousand people.
For this period, the management of the convoy divisions was deployed in Moscow , Kharkov , Samara and Novosibirsk . In addition, the management of individual brigades of escort troops was deployed in Rostov , Leningrad and Tashkent .

On October 16, 1935, the CEC and the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR adopted the provision on service by the command and command staff of the border and internal security of the NKVD of the SSR. According to this provision, all the internal security and border guard servicemen were divided into command and command personnel, for which a system of military ranks was established.

In 1937, the Main Directorate of Border and Internal Guard ( GUPVO NKVD ) was renamed the Main Directorate of Border and Internal Troops of the NKVD of the USSR ( GUPVV ).

On April 20, 1938, the NKVD troops were established, including military units of the escort troops — 28,800.

February 2, 1939 in the Main Directorate of Border and Internal Troops created 6 separate departments as part of the NKVD of the USSR:

• General Directorate of Border Troops
• Main Directorate for the Protection of Railway Structures
• General Directorate for the Protection of Particularly Important Industrial Enterprises
• Main Directorate of Convoy Troops
• General Directorate of Military Support
• Main Military Construction Directorate

On September 1, 1939, the Law on General Military Duty was adopted. The law first stated that the Internal Troops are an integral part of the Armed Forces of the USSR.

On November 20, 1939, the Order of the NKVD of the USSR adopted the "Regulations on the convoy troops of the NKVD of the USSR . " It stipulated the tasks of the escort of persons in custody and the procedure for the external protection of individual prisons. In the same Regulation, the tasks of the Internal Troops for wartime in the escort and protection of prisoners of war were set.

March 4, 1941 created the Office of the operational forces of the NKVD of the USSR .

In the prewar years, the Internal Forces guarded 135 state facilities. They also escorted to 156 judicial institutions and served on 176 railway routes.

As of January 1, 1940, the number of personnel of the Convoy Troops reached 34,295 people (1 division, 9 brigades, 2 separate regiments and 2 junior command personnel schools).

In 1941, the Directorate of Convoy Forces of the NKVD was disbanded and merged with the Office of the Internal Forces of the NKVD . The main tasks of this department are: participating in hostilities, guarding reception centers for prisoners of war, guarding trains, escorting prisoners ^{[2] [3]} .

World War II

The number of internal troops at the beginning of the war

By the summer of 1941, there were 173,900 people in the internal troops , of which:

• operational units - 27,300 people
• Railway Protection Troops - 63,700
• troops for the protection of critical state enterprises - 29,300
• convoy troops - 38,200
• in military schools and other institutions of internal troops - 15,400

With the outbreak of war, mobilization was carried out and the personnel of internal troops reached 274 thousand people.

On June 22, 1941, the 132nd separate convoy battalion from the garrison of the Brest Fortress was one of the first NKVD formations to take on the enemy ^{[3] [8]} .

Mobilization of the NKVD Forces to the Front

By a government decree of June 29, 1941, it was planned to form 10 rifle and 5 mountain rifle divisions from the NKVD troops to transfer them to the army. Subsequently, the task changed: it was necessary to form 15 infantry divisions in a reduced composition. In total, 23,000 were allocated from the internal troops for their staffing, and 15,000 from the border troops . After a short training, all divisions were sent to the army of the Reserve , Northern and Western Fronts ^[9] .

In August 1941, by decision of the GKO, 110,000 troops were sent from the NKVD troops to the front. In mid-1942 an additional 75,000 people. At the end of 1942, the Army of the NKVD ( AVNKVD ) was formed from the military personnel of the border and internal troops, consisting of 6 divisions, renamed the 70th Army on February 1, 1943.

Divisions were formed on a territorial basis:

• from the border troops - the Far Eastern , Transbaikal and Central Asian divisions
• from operational troops - Ural and Stalingrad divisions
• from the troops for the protection of the railways - Siberian Division

For the entire military period, the NKVD transferred 29 divisions from its composition to the army.

In total, 53 divisions and 20 brigades of the NKVD participated in the hostilities ^[3] .

Particularly distinguished formations of the Internal Troops in the Great Patriotic War ^{[10] [11]} :

• 1st Motorized Rifle Division for Special Purpose of the Internal Forces of the NKVD - Battle of Moscow
• 2nd Motorized Rifle Special Forces Division of the NKVD Internal Troops - Battle of Moscow
• 21st Motorized Rifle Division of the Internal Troops of the NKVD of the USSR - Defense of Leningrad
• 10th Infantry Division of the Internal Troops of the NKVD of the USSR - Battle of Stalingrad
• 12th Infantry Division of the Internal Troops of the NKVD of the USSR - Battle for the Caucasus
• 290th Separate Rifle Regiment of the NKVD Internal Troops - Novorossiysk Operation
• 287th Infantry Regiment of the NKVD Internal Troops - Defense of Voronezh

Contribution of Internal Troops to Victory

Internal troops during the fighting in the Great Patriotic War destroyed and captured 217 974 enemy soldiers and officers.

Captured or destroyed: 377 tanks, 40 aircraft, 45 armored vehicles, 241 cars, 656 guns, 525 mortars, 554 machine guns and many other equipment and weapons.

267 troops of the Internal Troops were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union ^[12] .

Also, the Internal Troops faced the task of radio countermeasures to the enemy.

In November 1942, the field departments of the special service and the Osnaz radio station were reassigned from the GRU of the General Staff of the Red Army to the Internal Troops . Separate special divisions, central and separate NKVD radio stations were formed with the tasks of reconnaissance of the air, radio interception , encrypted correspondence and its preliminary processing from radio networks and radio points of the enemy. Also in December 1942, by decision of the GKO, radio divisions were formed as part of the Internal Troops to interfere with enemy radio stations.

On the basis of the units of the Internal Forces , training was conducted on sabotage detachments and military instructors for casting into the rear of the enemy in partisan detachments . For the acquisition of partisan detachments, 1,000 border guards and fighters of the Internal Troops were allocated, including 95 commanders.
In October 1941, from the Forces of the Special Group formed at the very beginning of the war, the NKVD Separate Motorized Rifle Brigade of the NKVD (OMSBON) was formed , and in October 1943 it became the Separate Special Purpose Detachment of the NKGB of the USSR (ONN) . During front-line battles and operations behind enemy lines during the war years, military personnel from her / his personnel accounted for more than 1,400 derailed enemy echelons with manpower, equipment, ammunition, fuel, etc., over 300 destroyed railway and highway bridges, 700 km of damaged cable and telegraph lines, about 350 blown up industrial enterprises and warehouses, about 150 destroyed tanks, armored vehicles and more than 50 aircraft, over 130,000 destroyed soldiers and enemy officers, among them about 90 prominent liquidated representatives of the Nazi invaders and more than 2,000 fascist agents and accomplices of the enemy. In addition, about 50 guns, mortars and machine guns, more than 850 rifles and machine guns, over 20 tanks, self-propelled guns and tractors, more than 100 motorcycles and bicycles were captured.
Over 20 OMBON / UNON fighters were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

By Decree of the Council of People 's Commissars of the USSR of June 24, 1941, the Internal Troops was entrusted with the function of protecting the rear of the fronts and armies . Only in the second half of 1941, the Internal Troops detained 685,629 people. Of them:

• 28,064 deserters
• 1001 spies and saboteurs
• 1019 henchmen and accomplices of the enemy

The tasks assigned to the NKVD VV were:

• garrison service in liberated cities
• assisting the NKVD bodies in seizing fascist agents, traitors and their accomplices
• the elimination of enemy paratroopers, reconnaissance and sabotage groups, gangs and small enemy groups
• maintaining public order and wartime. ^{[3] [13]}

On December 4, 1941, the GKO assigned to the NKVD troops of the USSR for the protection of railways the protection of station and linear railway structures, goods, cash registers and escorting wagons with important cargoes. In this regard, the Shooting Guards of the NKPS in the amount of 33320 people were abolished, and the personnel of the protection of draft age, weapons, vehicles and military equipment were transferred to the troops of the NKVD of the USSR ^[14] .

Involvement of Internal Troops in Mass Resettlements

At the initial and final stage of the war, the Internal Troops were used for the mass resettlement ( deportation ) of peoples, which, by decision of the USSR leadership, were considered accomplices of the enemy. For this purpose, in a short time, huge masses of people on ethnic grounds were exported from the western and central regions of the USSR to the eastern regions ( Siberia , the Kazakh SSR and Central Asia ). All movements, escorting and guarding the deported contingent were assigned to the NKVD Internal Troops .

Examples of such mass deportations are:

• German deportation to the USSR in 1941 - 446,480 people ^[15]
• Deportation of Pontic Greeks from 1942 to 1949 - 15,000 people ^[16]
• The deportation of Chechens and Ingush in 1944 - 496,000 people ^[17]
• Deportation of Meskhetian Turks in 1944 - 115,000 people ^[18]
• The deportation of Crimean Tatars in 1944 - 183,155 people ^[19]

The deportation required the participation of significant forces of the NKVD Internal Troops . For example, the deportation of Chechens and Ingush required a group of Internal Troops with a total strength of 100,000 troops ^{[3] [18] [20]} .

Post-war period

Subordination of Internal Troops

On March 15, 1946, the NKVD of the USSR was transformed into the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR .

On January 21, 1947, the Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs (operational units) were reassigned to the Ministry of State Security of the USSR (MGB of the USSR). Convoy troops remained part of the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs ^[21] .

On July 10, 1949, convoys were assigned to escort convicts to judicial institutions, to exchange points of planned railway routes in republican, regional and regional centers.

On May 6, 1951, by Decree of the USSR Council of Ministers, escort guards entrusted the transportation of prisoners and those under investigation with special (special) convoys along railways and waterways, as well as their transfer from prisons to camps and colonies; also, according to the requirements of the Prosecutor's Office and law enforcement agencies, they were escorted to court hearings of the Supreme, regional, regional courts, military tribunals, linear vessels - by rail and water; convoying to wagons at exchange points.

By 1957, the number of Internal Guards amounted to 55,715 people, the Convoy Guard - 33,307 people, and the formed Convoy Guard of places of detention - 100,000 people.

On January 13, 1960, the USSR Council of Ministers abolished the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs, transferring its functions to the ministries of internal affairs of the Union republics. Accordingly, the Internal Troops are distributed among the Union republics and become subordinate to the republican Ministry of Internal Affairs on a regional basis.

On August 30, 1962, the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR reorganized the republican Ministry of the Interior into the Ministry of Public Order Protection of the RSFSR (MOOP RSFSR) . Also received in all Union and autonomous republics of the USSR. Internal troops were reassigned to the Republican MOOP .

On July 26, 1966, by a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR , the central law enforcement agency was restored in the form of the USSR Ministry of Public Order Protection (USSR MOOP) . Internal troops are included in the MOOP of the USSR .

On November 25, 1968, the MOOP of the USSR was renamed the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR. Internal troops again find themselves in the structure of the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs.

On March 21, 1989, by decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, the Internal Troops of the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs (along with the Border Troops of the USSR KGB and the Railway Troops ) were withdrawn from the Armed Forces of the USSR.

By decree of the President of the RSFSR of October 20, 1991, all formations of the Internal Troops of the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs deployed on the territory of the RSFSR were taken under the jurisdiction of the RSFSR and were subordinate to the republican Ministry of the Interior ^[22] .

December 25, 1991 as a result of the collapse of the USSR Internal troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR cease to exist. Units and formations of the Internal Troops , depending on their territorial deployment, became part of the Armed Forces of the newly formed CIS member states ^[3] .

Tasks of the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs

By 1976, the Ministry of Internal Affairs was guarded by:

• 300 critical sites
• 1087 forced labor colonies
• 142 medical labor dispensaries
• convoyed to 4522 production facilities were escorted
• Served 468 planned convoy and investigative convoy escort routes, 292 vessels and 603 exchange points
• carried out patrol service in 50 large cities of the country

VV MVD USSR in various events in the postwar period

Immediately after the end of the war, a difficult criminal situation arose in the USSR. This was due to the difficult economic situation in the state, with a huge amount of firearms accumulated in the population during the war years.

Fighting Nationalist Movements

A particularly difficult situation arose in those parts of the USSR that were annexed to it immediately before the war - these are the Baltic States and Western Ukraine. In these regions, underground nationalist movements waged an armed confrontation with the Soviet authorities, which required the presence of an reinforced group of Internal Troops in these regions. Internal troops had to fight them from the moment of the liberation of the territories occupied by Germany.

Examples of such nationalist movements are ^[3] :

• Forest brothers in the Latvian , Estonian and Lithuanian SSR - from 1940 to 1957
• Ukrainian rebel army - from 1944 to 1954
• Belarusian Liberation Army - from 1944 to 1955

By the efforts of the Internal Troops by the end of the 50s, all nationalist movements in the former occupied territories were destroyed.

Riot suppression

In the postwar period, mass riots erupted on the territory of the USSR, the cause of which was social tension, interethnic disagreements, unlawful actions of the authorities and many other reasons. In all cases, Internal Troops were involved in the elimination of mass riots (in rare cases, units of the Soviet Army ).

Examples of riots with grave consequences in the liquidation of which the Internal Troops of the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs participated ^[3] :

• Mass riots in Novorossiysk 1956
• The riots in Grozny in 1958
• The 1959 Uprising in Temirtau
• The riots in Krasnodar in 1961
• The riots in Beslan 1961
• The riots in Murom in 1961
• Mass riots in Novocherkassk in 1962
• The riots in Nalchik in 1968
• Mass riots in Ordzhonikidze 1981
• December events in Alma-Ata in 1986
• 1989 Sukhumi unrest
• Tbilisi events of 1989

Also, the Internal Troops had to pacify the numerous riots that arose in correctional institutions among prisoners. For example:

• Riots in the colonies near Togliatti 1970

Participation of internal troops in ethnic conflicts

A special column in the history of the internal troops of the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs should be noted their participation in the separation of parties in interethnic conflicts, which began to erupt in different places of the USSR in the late 80s . Examples of such ethnic conflicts with serious consequences are:

• Nagorno-Karabakh conflict that began in 1988
• Events in New Uzen in 1989
• Ferghana pogroms of 1989
• Armenian pogrom in Baku in 1990
• Osh events of 1990
• Riots in Dushanbe 1990
• Events in Vilnius 1991
• Events in Riga 1991

In many cases, internal troops had to both separate the opposing forces and disarm illegal armed groups , and pacify the local population, who opposed the central authorities for separatist purposes ^[3] .

The official color of the Internal Troops of the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs

On October 20, 1970, by Order No. 351, the USSR Minister of Internal Affairs , Army General Shchelokov, established a uniform for servicemen of the Internal Troops , in which the main distinguishing feature of the departmental affiliation of the troops was the maroon color in the details of the clothes.

The specified color was present on shoulder straps , buttonholes , sleeve emblems, tunic edging and stripes of trousers, a band and a cap of a cap.

Subsequently, this maroon color in the Internal Troops was symbolically rooted. And when the appearance of special forces units in the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR in 1978, maroon berets were chosen as a distinctive headgear for the special forces. At the same time, he takes it as a headdress (for male military personnel), and also of this color - did not enter into the rules for wearing military uniforms introduced in the Internal Troops for that period ^[1] .

The structure of the post-war period Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR

During 1966-1969, only the Dzerzhinsky OMSDON belonged to the Internal Troops.

Internal and escort security was divided into departments, which, in turn, consisted of units, divisions, teams and groups.

In December 1968, when the MOOP was reorganized into the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the division into troops and security was eliminated. The Internal and Convoy Guard of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR were also included in the Internal Troops. The formations of the Internal and Convoy Guards regained their military structure.

On November 28, 1968, by order of the Head of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR, the Convoy Guard departments were transformed into escort divisions, and the Internal Guard divisions were converted into divisions of the General Staff Directorate of Internal Affairs (Directorate for Special Operations of the Main Directorate of Internal Troops). Units were reorganized into regiments, divisions into battalions, teams into companies and groups into platoons ^[3] .

In 1966, special motorized police units (3 special motorized police regiments and 40 separate battalions ) were created to assist the police in emergency cases in many large cities of the USSR.

Since the late 70s , regional departments of the Internal Troops ( Directorate of Internal Troops ) have been created. By the beginning of the 90s, there were the following departments ^[23] :

• Airborne Northwest
• Airborne Forces in the North Caucasus and Transcaucasia
• Air-blast in the Ukrainian SSR and the Moldavian SSR
• Airborne Forces in Central Asia and Kazakhstan
• Airborne Forces in the Far East and Eastern Siberia
• Airborne Forces in the Northwest Zone
• Air-blast across Western Siberia
• Airborne forces in the Urals
• Airborne on the Volga
• Airborne Forces in the Central Zone
• Office of Special Parts ( UChS )

The Directorate of Special Units ( UChS ) was subordinate to all formations of the Internal Troops , which were engaged in the tasks of protecting critical strategic objects of the transport system of the USSR and industry such as:

• creation of a regime zone around ZATO
• NPP security
• protection of the Baikal-Amur Railway
• oil and gas field protection

By the time of the collapse of the USSR , the internal troops (except for individual brigades , regiments and battalions ) included 31 divisions of which:

• 20 escort divisions
• 2 operational divisions
• 9 divisions of the Office of Special Parts

In addition, the structure of the internal troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR had its own marine (river) security units created to provide a security zone around important state facilities.

• The 1st separate detachment of patrol boats - was formed in 1988 in Khabarovsk to protect public order in the waters of the Amur basin
• The 2nd separate detachment of patrol boats - was formed in 1989 in Murmansk to protect the repair and technological enterprise of the nuclear fleet and ships located in the water area of ​​this enterprise

Commanders-in-chief and commanders (until 1990 — chiefs of forces) of the internal troops of the NKVD of the USSR (1941–1946), the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR (1946–1947, 1953–1960, 1968–1991 ), the Ministry of State Security of the USSR (1947–1953), the MOOP of the USSR (1966– 1968), Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR (1966-1991):

1. Major General Alexander Guliev (1941-1942)
2. Major General Sheredega Ivan Samsonovich (1942-1944)
3. Colonel General Arkady Nikolayevich Apollonov (1944-1946)
4. Lieutenant General Burmak Pyotr Vasilievich (1946-1953)
5. Lieutenant General Filippov Taras Filippovich (1953-1954)
6. Lieutenant General Sirotkin Alexander Savelyevich (1954-1956)
7. Lieutenant General Strokach Timofey Amvrosievich (1956-1957) [border and internal troops]
8. Lieutenant General Donskov Semyon Ivanovich (1957-1960)
9. Lieutenant General Aleinikov Gennady Ionovich (1960-1961)
10. Lieutenant General Pilshchuk Nikolai Ivanovich (1961-1968)
11. Colonel General, from 1980 Army General Ivan Kirillovich Yakovlev (1968-1986)
12. Colonel General Shatalin Yuri Vasilievich (1986-1991)
13. Colonel General Savvin Vasily Nesterovich (1991-1992)

List of educational institutions that trained officers for the Internal Troops of the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs ^[24] :

• Higher military-political school of the Ministry of Internal Affairs named after the 60th anniversary of the Komsomol ( Leningrad )
• Ordzhonikidze Higher Military Order Red Banner Command School of the Ministry of Internal Affairs named after S. M. Kirov
• Saratov Higher Military Command Red Banner School of the Ministry of Internal Affairs named after F.E. Dzerzhinsky
• Perm Higher Military Command School of the Ministry of Internal Affairs
• Novosibirsk Higher Military Command School of the Ministry of Internal Affairs
• Kharkov Higher Military School of Logistics of the Ministry of Internal Affairs

• Internal troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia
• Russian National Guard Troops

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