Briopsidovye , or siphon ( Latin Bryopsidales ) - the order of green algae from the class of ulvofitsievyh (Ulvophyceae) [1] . The total number of modern species is 564 [1] . Some taxonomists give this taxon the rank of a class - Bryopsidophyceae [2] .
| Briopside | |||||||||||||
 Bryopsis plumosa , near Villefranche-sur-Mer | |||||||||||||
| Scientific classification | |||||||||||||
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| International scientific name | |||||||||||||
Bryopsidales JHSchaffn. , 1922 | |||||||||||||
| Synonyms | |||||||||||||
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| Nomenclature type | |||||||||||||
Bryopsis JVLamour. - Briopsis | |||||||||||||
Content
Botanical Description
All representatives of the order have a siphonal type of differentiation of thallus : the body is a giant multinucleated cell - a coenocyte formed as a result of growth and mitotic fission of nuclei that are not accompanied by cytokinesis [3] . Unlike related siphon-clad algae , the siphon-briopheid cell does not undergo segregative fragmentation during the life cycle [3] [4] .
The central part of the siphon is occupied by an extensive vacuole ; the cytoplasm with numerous nuclei and chloroplasts occupies a near-wall position [5] . Chloroplasts have a discoid or fusiform shape; when chloroplast is one, it has a mesh structure [5] . In addition to pigments common for green algae, chloroplasts contain two specific xanthophylls - siphonein and siphonoxanthin [5] .
The cell wall, as a rule, does not contain cellulose ; xylans or mannans act as a structural polysaccharide in it [4] . In some representatives, the cell wall calcifies [6] .
Distribution
Over 90% of all modern briopside plants are marine organisms. Only some representatives of highly organized families penetrated into fresh water and settled in them [5] . Briopside islands are confined to tropical and subtropical seas, and only some species penetrate the temperate seas [5] .
Classification
The order includes 12 families [1] :
- Bryopsidaceae Bory , 1829 - Briopside
- Caulerpaceae Kütz. , 1843 - The Cowlerpids are the only genus of Caulerpa [7]
- Chaetosiphonaceae FF Blackman & Tansley , 1902
- Codiaceae Kütz. , 1843 - Kodievye
- Derbesiaceae Hauck , 1884 - Derbesian
- Dichotomosiphonaceae GMSm. 1950
- Halimedaceae Link , 1832 - Halimed
- Ostreobiaceae PCSilva ex Maggs et J. Brodie , 2007
- Pseudocodiacea L. Hillis-Colinvaux
- Pseudoudoteaceae
- Rhipiliaceae Dragastan et al. , 1858
- Udoteaceae J. Agardh , 1887
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 Bryopsidales order on the AlgaeBase website (English) (Retrieved January 4, 2016)
- ↑ Briopside (order) (English) information on the Encyclopedia of Life website (EOL) (Retrieved January 3, 2016) .
- ↑ 1 2 Belyakova et al., 2006 , p. 231-234.
- ↑ 1 2 Lee RE Chlorophyta. Caulerpales // Phycology. - Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008 .-- 547 p. - ISBN 978-0-511-38669-5 . - P. 178-188.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 Vinogradova K. L. Order Siphonales // Life of plants in 6 volumes / Ed. M. M. Gollerbach. - M .: Education , 1977. - T. 3. Algae. Lichens. - 487 p. - 300,000 copies. - S. 297-302.
- ↑ Belyakova et al., 2006 , p. 231.
- ↑ Draisma S. G. A., van Reine W. F. P., Sauvage T., Belton G. S., Gurgel C. F. D., Lim P. E., Phang S. M. A re-assessment of the infra-generic classification of the genus Caulerpa (Caulerpaceae, Chlorophyta) inferred from a time-calibrated molecular phylogeny // Journal of Phycology. - 2014 .-- Vol. 50, No. 6 . - P. 1020-1034. - DOI : 10.1111 / jpy.12231 .
Literature
- Belyakova G.A., Dyakov Yu.T. , Tarasov K. L. The order of the Cowlerpa (siphon, briopside) - Caulerpales (Siphonales, Bryopsidales) // Botany in 4 volumes. - M .: Academy, 2006. - T. 2. Algae and mushrooms. - 320 p. - S. 231-234.
- Plant life. 6 t / hl ed. Al A. Fedorov . - M .: Education , 1977. - T. 3. Algae. Lichens. Ed. M. M. Gollerbach . - 487 p. - 300,000 copies. - S. 297.
- Sauer L. M. Siphon algae / Ed. ed. M.M. Gollerbach. - L .: Nauka , 1977 .-- 236 p. - (Flora of spore plants of the USSR, vol. X). - 1400 copies.
Links
- Siphon algae // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : 86 tons (82 tons and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- Bryopsidales order in the World Register of Marine Species (Retrieved January 3, 2016) .