Dolgorukov, Nikolai Andreevich

Born in 1792. Came from the ancient princely family Dolgorukovs . The eldest son of the state adviser to Prince Andrei Nikolayevich Dolgorukov (1772-1834) from his marriage to Elizaveta Nikolaevna Saltykova (1777-1855). His father was the granddaughter of the field marshal Vasily Dolgorukov , his mother was the granddaughter of Chief Prosecutor Y. P. Shakhovsky . He had brothers Ivan (1796–1807), Ilya , Sergey (1802–1832), Vasily , Dmitry (1808–1809), Vladimir and sisters Catherine, Maria, and Alexander.

He began his career as an actuary of the 14th grade, at age 14, in 1806. In the same year he was assigned to the Moscow Archive of the College of Foreign Affairs , in 1810 he was transferred from the archive “to the affairs of the college”, and then on July 12, 1810 was granted the chamber junkers of His Majesty’s Court. In 1812, he was appointed translator at the same college, but joined the militia and was under the general of artillery Meller-Zakomelsky and then transferred to military service.

He took part in the overseas campaign of the Russian army. In 1813 it was renamed sub-lieutenant with the transfer to the Izyumsky Hussar Regiment , with which he participated in the campaign of 1813, moreover, he was in the battles of Dresden and Kulm and "for excellent courage in these matters" was promoted to assignment with the transfer to the Life Guards Hussar Regiment and with the appointment of adjutant to Count Wittgenstein .

He participated in the general battle of Leipzig , for the difference in which he received a golden saber with the inscription "for courage" ^{[ specify ]} . In the campaign of 1814 he was in many battles and was awarded the Order of St. Vladimir of the 4th degree with a bow ^{[ specify ]} , the Prussian pour le mérite and the cross of the Grand Duchy of Baden . By order of February 24, 1816, the prince was appointed as an aide-adjutant to His Imperial Majesty. In 1823, Prince N. A. Dolgorukov received the rank of colonel.

In 1827 he took part in the Persian campaign and, having distinguished himself in several battles, received the Order of St. Anne 2nd Art. with diamonds and st. Vladimir 3rd degree. In the Turkish War of 1828, Prince Dolgorukov again had to participate in many battles (crossing the Danube near Satun, under the fortresses of Isakchi and Kyustenji, near Shumly and Varna), for which he was promoted to major general on September 29, 1828 with the appointment of His retinue Imperial Majesty. In 1829, after the murder of the envoy in Persia, A. S. Griboedov , Prince Dolgorukov occupied this position for some time and was awarded the Order of St. for the excellent diligent service, work, and special successes rendered in the performance of the Highest Commission at the Tehran Court . Anna of the 1st degree; he also received the Persian order of Leo and the Sun of the 1st degree. In 1830, on June 25, he was appointed adjutant general of Emperor Nicholas I.

In 1831, he was put at the head of the Lithuanian governor-general : first he was appointed Minsk interim military governor, with command and civil unit in this province, as a corps commander in wartime, and a few months later - the Vilnius and Grodno military governor on the same grounds; in 1832, he became the prince of Vilnius military governor, with the administration in this province and the civilian part, and correcting the position of the Grodno and Bialystok governor-general; On December 6, 1833, he was promoted to lieutenant general with the rank of adjutant general and Vilnius military governor and with the approval of the Grodno and Bialystok governor general; in 1834, the appointment of Prince N. A. Dolgorukov as the Grodno, Bialystok and Minsk Governor-General followed by the resignation of the Vilnius Military Governor.

In 1831 he received the Order of St. Vladimir of the 2nd degree, in 1832 - the imperial crown to the Order of St. Anna of the 1st degree; On December 1, 1835, "for the immaculate length of service of 25 years in officer ranks," the prince was graciously granted the Order of St. George of the 4th degree, and on December 6 of the same year, the Order of the White Eagle . In 1837, Prince Nikolai Andreevich Dolgorukov became a holder of the Order of St. Alexander Nevsky (in 1846 he received diamond signs for the order) for exemplary work on the improvement of the provinces entrusted to him, and in early 1840 he was appointed Little Russian Governor-General . In 1839 he received the Prussian Order of the Red Eagle .

Since October 10, 1843 N.A. Dolgorukov is a cavalry general. He died in April 1847 in Kharkov.

According to Baron M. Korf, Dolgorukov was a very clever man with administrative talents, but all his virtues were darkened, on the one hand, by terrible laziness, which could not be attributed in part to his colossal obesity, and on the other, to terrible extravagance. Sybarite in his soul, devoted to terrible gluttony, women and all kinds of luxury, he lived more than he received, and did not differ in the special strictness of the rules where it came to monetary interests. In his dying letter to the sovereign, he confessed that the straitened circumstances forced him to touch the treasury sums passing through his hands and that in this way he used 43 thousand rubles for his needs. in silver. This case was considered by the Committee of Ministers and a ban was imposed on all the estates of the deceased. The brothers Dolgorukov, princes Ilya and Vladimir, took his waste of public money on themselves.

The first wife (from January 8, 1815) ^[2] - Princess Maria Dmitrievna Saltykova (07/22/1795–27.12.1823), daughter of Prince Dmitry Nikolayevich Saltykov (1767–1826) and Anna Nikolaevna Leontyeva (1776–1810), the granddaughter of the general Field Marshal N.I. Saltykov . The wedding was in St. Petersburg in St. Isaac's Cathedral. She died in Pisa at the end of 1823, where she was temporarily buried. Then her ashes were transferred to Livorno, to the Greek cemetery, and in the summer of 1824 they were transferred to St. Petersburg to the Alexander Nevsky Lavra.

• Dmitry (1815-1846), was married to Alexander Mikhailovna, daughter of Prince M. M. Golitsyn .
• Nicholas (1817-1837), killed in the battle for Cape Adler, A.A. Bestuzhev was killed in the same expedition against the Circassians.
• Alexander (1819-1842), killed in a duel with V.V. Yashville .
• Anna (1823-1845), married to Prince Ober-Hoffmeister and artist G. G. Gagarin .

The second wife (from 1841) - Lucia Osipovna Zebello (1815-1900), the daughter of the former Brigadier General of the Polish forces, Joseph Wavrzeczky and the last bearer of this family name. In 1833, she married the Vilna leader of the nobility, chamberlain Count Ignatius Zabello, and he was given the right to bear the name Zabello-Wavrzec. Living with her husband in Vilna, the beautiful Lucia attracted the attention of Prince Dolgoruky and for four years was in open communication with him. According to S. Moravsky , Dolgoruky had many fans who were looking for his location. One of them, Mrs. Angela Kolkovskaya (1803–1872) ^[3] , “beautiful, smart and prudent, she managed to catch the prince in her net, but she could not keep it. After a short rivalry, she was defeated by the younger and more agile Lucia Zebello. Her husband was ruined, so when Dolgorukov offered him one hundred thousand rubles in cash for compensation, Zabello did not refuse and gave a divorce ” ^[4] . The emperor did not agree in any way to her marriage with Dolgorukov, considering it not proper for the governor-general's wife to be natives, but the prince insisted on his own. Finally, along with the permission for the wedding, his movement to Little Russia followed, where the post, in its importance, could not be equal to Lithuanian. Having become a princess, Lucia Osipovna did not like to be bored and arranged endless holidays in her house. However, being an assiduous Catholic, she showed sympathy for those in need. A member of the Kharkov Charity Society, she organized charity evenings in the form of concerts and performances. The cellist N. B. Golitsyn and A. Drayshok participated in them, and the princess herself took part in live pictures with extraordinary effect. With the funds raised, she managed to open an almshouse in 1844. After the death of his second husband, the emperor granted Lucia a pension of 4 thousand rubles. She died in Nice and was buried in the cemetery of St-Pierre d'Arene .

• Elena Nikolaevna (1842 - 01/31/1851), died of scrofula , buried in Naples in the Old English Cemetery.

• Prince Dolgorukov 1. Nikolai Andreevich // List of generals by seniority . Corrected on June 20th. - SPb. : Military Printing House, 1840. - S. 127.
• Prince Dolgorukov 1. Nikolai Andreevich // List of generals by seniority . Corrected on March 17th. - SPb. : Military Printing House, 1844. - S. 83.
• Dolgorukov, Nikolai Andreevich // Russian Biographical Dictionary : in 25 volumes. - SPb. - M. , 1896-1918.