Ninety-third year

May 1793 The monarchy in France collapsed as a quarter of a year, the First Republic was proclaimed, a civil war reigns in the country, and the Jacobin dictatorship is at the helm of power. The story begins with the landing on the Breton coast of the Marquis de Lantenac, who took command of the Shuans who rebelled against supporters of the republic. The revolutionaries are starting to hunt Lantenac, including his great-nephew Gowen. The work tells about the confrontation between two models of society, two visions of history, two value systems. The Marquis de Lantenac embodies the old regime, while his nephew embodies modernism and the revolutionary ideals of the Republicans. The third character, a former Catholic priest and mentor of Gowan, is Simurden, who is appointed Commissioner of the Convention in Vendée . The novel also contains three key figures in the French Revolution: Marat , Danton and Robespierre .

The novel was written on Guernsey . Hugo planned to write this work in 1862 immediately after the publication of Les Miserables . The book, however, remained a project for ten years. The preparation, work with historical documentation and the writing of the Hugo novel begins in December 1872, ending in June-July 1873 ^[1] . The book was published by Michel Levy on February 19, 1874 under the title “Ninety-Three. History One: Civil War ” and had instant success: 8,000 copies sold in the first twelve days .

• 1921 - the film , dir. Andre Antoine
• 1962 - the television movie , dir. Alain Bode

• M. Tolmachev about Victor Hugo’s novel “The ninety-third year”