Manbij [1] [2] , Mambij [3] [4] ( Arabic. منبج ) - a city in the north of Syria , located in the governorate of Aleppo .
| City | |
| Manbridge | |
|---|---|
| Arab. منبج | |
| A country |  Syria |
| Governorate | Aleppo |
| Area | Manbridge |
| History and Geography | |
| Center height | 483 m |
| Timezone | UTC + 2 , in summer UTC + 3 |
| Population | |
| Population | 78 255 people ( 2012 ) |
| Digital identifiers | |
| Telephone code | +963 25 21XXXX |
Content
Geographical position
The city is located in the north-eastern part of the governorate, 30 kilometers west of the Euphrates River, at an altitude of 483 meters above sea level [5] . Manbij is located approximately 74 kilometers northeast of Aleppo , the provincial capital, and 362 kilometers north-northeast (NNE) of Damascus , the country's capital.
The nearest civilian airport is in Aleppo [5] .
Demographics
According to the last official census of 1981, the population of Manbij was 30,812 people [6] . The dynamics of the population of the city by years:
| 1960 | 1970 | 1981 | 1988 | 2003 | 2012 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8 577 | 14 635 | 30,812 | 47,728 [7] | 65 948 [7] | 78 255 [8] |
Attractions
In the vicinity of Manbij are the ruins of the ancient Syrian city of Hierapolis (not to be confused with the city of Hierapolis near Pamuk Kale in Turkey), which was once the main city of the Euphrates province of the Roman Empire [9] .
History
For the first time the city is mentioned by Greek authors under the name Bambika . In Pliny , in his work Natural History , Bambika (the author also gives the Syrian name of the city - Mabok ) is mentioned as the cult center of the goddess Atargatis (Derketo) [10] .
In 53 BC e. Hierapolis , who received this name during the reign of Seleucus Nikator , was plundered by the troops of Crassus bound for Parthia .
In the city there lived a Gnostic philosopher of the II century Bardesan .
The city was rebuilt in the VIII century by order of the Baghdad caliph Harun al-Rashid and for a long time was a "bone of contention" between the Byzantines, Arabs, crusaders and Turks.
Civil War
Manbij is located on the main road from Turkey to Rakku . During the civil war (since 2011), various factions fought a stubborn struggle for the possession of the city:
July 20, 2012 the city was occupied by the forces of the Syrian opposition .
In January 2014, the city was captured by the forces of the Islamic State terrorist organization [11] . For 2.5 years, the city has been an actual checkpoint for terrorists traveling from Turkey to Syria and vice versa. On the way through Manbij were the deliveries of weapons and other materials for the IG [12] .
In June 2016, the groups of the " Democratic Forces of Syria " and the Kurdish troops launched a large-scale attack on Manbij [13] [14] . June 8, the city was surrounded on all sides [15] ; in August, the city was finally cleared of ISIS [16] . In July, several dozen civilians died as a result of airstrikes by an international coalition led by the United States [17] .
In December 2018, the flag of the Syrian Arab Republic was hoisted over the city administration.
On January 16, 2019, a suicide bomber blew himself up near the patrol of an international coalition led by the United States, four American servicemen were killed, and three others were injured [18] [19] .
Famous Natives
- Omar Abu Risha is a Syrian poet and diplomat.
- Abu Ubada al-Walid al-Bukhturi is an Arab poet.
- Agapiy of Manbij is an Arab historian of the 10th century.
Notes
- ↑ Lebanon, Syria, Israel, Palestinian Territories, Jordan // World Atlas / comp. and preparation. to the ed. PKO "Cartography" in 2009; ch. ed. G.V. Pozdnyak . - M .: PKO "Cartography": Onyx, 2010. - S. 120. - ISBN 978-5-85120-295-7 (Cartography). - ISBN 978-5-488-02609-4 (Onyx).
- ↑ Countries of the Eastern Mediterranean, Iraq // Atlas of the world / comp. and preparation. to the ed. PKO "Cartography" in 1999; open Ed .: T.G. Novikova , T.M. Vorobyova . - 3rd ed., Eras., Fr. in 2002 with diaposes. 1999 - M .: Roskartografiya, 2002. - S. 176-177. - ISBN 5-85120-055-3 .
- ↑ Southwest Asia // Atlas of the World / comp. and preparation. to the ed. PKO "Cartography" in 2000; ch. ed. N. N. Polunkina; open ed. N.V. Smurova. - M .: Roskartografiya: Onyks, 2000. - S. 194-195. - ISBN 5-85576-095-2 .
- ↑ Manbij // Dictionary of geographical names of foreign countries / resp. ed. A.M. Komkov . - 3rd ed., Revised. and add. - M .: Nedra , 1986.- S. 225.
- ↑ 1 2 Physico-geographical data
- ↑ World Gazetteer
- ↑ 1 2 estimated
- ↑ estimated
- ↑ Hierapolis // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- ↑ Plinius Secundus, Liber V, 81
- ↑ Al Qaeda chief Zawahri tells Islamists in Syria to unite - audio , Reuters (January 23, 2015). Date accessed August 27, 2015.
- ↑ “IS conflict: Syria's Kurds set sights on al-Bab after fall of Manbij” // BBC News, 08/17/2016
- ↑ SDF closes in on ISIL supply route in Syria's Manbij . Al Jazeera (June 3, 2016). Date of treatment June 3, 2016.
- ↑ Acted with US support ( “IS conflict: Syria's Kurds set sights on al-Bab after fall of Manbij” )
- ↑ US-backed forces cut off all routes into IS-held Manbij: Syrian Observatory . Reuters (June 8, 2016).
- ↑ Islamic State 'almost completely' ousted from Syria's Manbij city: Observatory . Reuters (August 6, 2016).
- ↑ Churkin: the coalition has not yet reported the results of the investigation into the attacks on Manbij
- ↑ [1] // RBC
- ↑ explosion in Syrian Manbij hit the video // RBC