Ethiopian dollar, birr - the monetary unit of the Federation of Ethiopia and Eritrea in 1945-1962, Ethiopia in 1962-1976, as well as Eritrea during the war of independence (1962-1976). Divided into 100 cents .
| Ethiopian dollar | |||
|---|---|---|---|
ብር (amh.) | |||
| |||
| Territory of appeal | |||
| Issuing country | Federation of Ethiopia and Eritrea (until 1962) Ethiopia (since 1962) | ||
| Derivative and parallel units | |||
| Fractional | Cent ( 1 100 ) | ||
| Coins and Banknotes | |||
| Banknotes | 1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 500 dollars | ||
| Story | |||
| Introduction period | 23.07 . 1945 —1946 | ||
| Predecessor currency | Abyssinian Thaler East African Shilling | ||
| Start of withdrawal | 21.09 . 1976 | ||
| Successor currency | Ethiopian Birr | ||
Content
Release History
On October 3, 1935, Ethiopia was conquered by Italy, and on May 9, 1936 it was annexed . Prior to this, the main monetary unit of the country was the Ethiopian thaler (until 1931 - the Abyssinian ). On June 1, 1936, Italian East Africa was formed from three Italian colonies — old Eritrea and Somalia , as well as a new Ethiopia . Its official currency was the Italian lira , but Maria Théresia’s thalers continued to act , and the Abyssinian ( talari ) and Eritrean ( thlero ) thalers, as well as the Somali lira , continued to act as imitators. Since 1938, the lyre of the Italian East Africa , equivalent to the Italian lira, has appeared in circulation. Banknotes denominated in the Abyssinian thalers and Somali lira were withdrawn from circulation.
In 1940–1941, as the territory of Italian East Africa passed under British control, instead of the lira, the East African shilling was introduced into the conquered territories (equal to the English shilling , that is, 1 20 pounds sterling ), and in Ethiopia, in addition, the circulation of the Ethiopian thaler was resumed ( talari). The appeal of thaler Maria Theresa persisted. The Egyptian pound , Indian rupee and pound sterling were also used .
Ethiopia and Eritrea were under the protectorate of the British administration until 1952. During its period of action, July 23, 1945, the Ethiopian dollar was issued, replacing the East African shilling and the Ethiopian thaler in February 1946. 1 new birr (dollar) = 2 shillings = 0.66 old birr (talari). Denominations on the banknotes were denoted in two languages (in English - the dollar, in Amharic - byr).
On September 15, 1952, Ethiopia and Eritrea became part of an independent federative monarchy . In 1962, Emperor Haile Selassie I abolished the federal structure of the country, resulting in a long war for the independence of Eritrea , which finally ended only on May 24, 1993. During the war years, September 21, 1976, Ethiopia replaced the Ethiopian dollar by the Ethiopian birr in a 1: 1 ratio. The former name used on banknotes remained in Amharic, in English it was written as birr [1] [2] [3] [4] [5]
Coins
On coins, the minting years are indicated according to the Ethiopian calendar , except for the cases marked by the abbreviation “p. x. "
Haile Selassie I (1930-1974) [6] :
- copper coins:
- 1 cent, centime (1936),
- 5 cents, centimes (1936),
- 10 cents, centimes (1936),
- 25 cents, centimes (1936);
- silver coins:
- 50 cents, centimes (1936).
Republic [7] [8] :
- aluminum coins:
- 1 cent (1969);
- brass coins:
- 5 cents (1969)
- 10 cents (1969);
- copper-nickel coins:
- 25 cents (1969)
- 50 cents (1969);
Commemorative coins [6] [7] [8] :
- silver coins:
- 5 dollars (1964)
- 5 dollars (1972 p. X.);
- Golden coins:
- 10 dollars (1958, 1964),
- 20 dollars (1958),
- 50 dollars (1958, 1964),
- $ 100 (1958, 1964),
- $ 200 (1958).
Banknotes
Years are in accordance with the European calendar:
- State Bank of Ethiopia (banknotes of the sample of 1945): 1, 5, 10, 50, 100, 500 dollars [9] ;
- State Bank of Ethiopia (banknotes of the sample of 1961): 1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 500 dollars [10] ;
- National Bank of Ethiopia (banknotes of the sample of 1966): 1, 5, 10, 50, 100 dollars [11] .
Notes
- ↑ CH, 1993 , Talari .
- ↑ CH, 1993 , Eritrean Tallero .
- ↑ GFD, 2010 , Ethiopia .
- ↑ GFD, 2010 , “ Eritrea ”.
- ↑ VSM, 1987 , p. 275-276.
- ↑ 1 2 Cuhaj, 2012 , p. 765-767.
- ↑ 1 2 Cuhaj, 2012 , p. 767-769.
- ↑ 1 2 Cuhaj, 2011 , p. 255.
- ↑ Cuhaj, 2008 , p. 476-477.
- ↑ Cuhaj, 2011 , p. 355.
- ↑ Cuhaj, 2011 , p. 355-356.
Sources
- Currencies of World Countries: A Handbook / [Authors: Butakov DD, Zolotarenko E.D., Rybalko GP] / Ed. Borisova S.M., Rybalko G.P., Mozhayskova O.V. - 5th ed., Revised. and add. - M .: Finance and Statistics , 1987.
- Numismatic Dictionary / [Author: Zvarych V.V. ]. - 4th ed .. - Lviv: High School, 1980.
- Numismatic Dictionary / [Authors: Fengler H., Girou G., Unger V.] / Trans. with him. MG Arsen'eva / Ed. ed. V.M. Potin. - 2nd ed., Pererab. and additional .. - M .: Radio and communication, 1993. - ISBN 5-256-00317-8 .
- Global History of Currencies . - Global Financial Data, 2010. Archived copy dated April 4, 2014 on the Wayback Machine
- Cuhaj GS, Michael T., Miller H. Standard Catalog of World Coins 1901-2000. - 40th ed. - Iola: Krause Publications, 2012. - 2301 p. - ISBN 978-1-4402-2962-6 .
- Cuhaj GS, Michael T. Standard Catalog of World Coins 2001-Date. - 6th ed. - Iola: Krause Publications, 2011. - 742 p. - ISBN 978-1-4402-1575-9 .
- Cuhaj GS Standard Catalog of World Paper Money. General Issues 1368–1960. - 12th ed. - Iola: Krause Publications, 2008. - 1223 p. - ISBN 978-0-89689-730-4 .
- Cuhaj GS Standard Catalog of World Paper Money. General Issues 1961 — Present. - 17th ed. - Iola: Krause Publications, 2011. - 1112 p. - ISBN 978-1-4402-1584-1 .