Yttrium isotopes are varieties of the chemical element of yttrium having a different number of neutrons in the nucleus . Yttrium isotopes with mass numbers from 76 to 108 (the number of protons 39, neutrons from 37 to 69) and 28 nuclear isomers are known .
Natural yttrium consists of a single stable isotope: [1]
- 89 Y ( isotopic abundance 100%).
Thus, natural yttrium is a monoisotopic element .
Yttrium-90
Yttrium-90 is almost pure β− emitter. The half-life of 64 hours, the maximum energy of 2.28 MeV. Subsidiary isotope of zirconium-90 .
90 Y found application in radionuclide therapy of cancer. To obtain an isotope, isotope generators based on 90 Sr are used , where 90 Y is produced during the decay of 90 Sr and is periodically extracted by chemical methods. [2] [3]
In Russia, tests are conducted on the basis of 90 Y drugs. [4]
Yttrium Isotope Table
| Symbol nuclide | Z ( p ) | N ( n ) | Isotope mass [5] ( a.m. ) | Period half-life [6] (T 1/2 ) | Spin and Parity kernels [6] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Excitation energy | |||||
| 76 y | 39 | 37 | 75,95845 | 500 ns | |
| 77 Y | 39 | 38 | 76,94965 | 63 ms | 5/2 + |
| 78 y | 39 | 39 | 77,94361 | 54 ms | 0+ |
| 78m Y | 0 keV | 5.8 s | 5+ | ||
| 79 Y | 39 | 40 | 78,93735 | 14.8 s | 5/2 + |
| 80 y | 39 | 41 | 79,93428 | 30.1 s | four- |
| 80m1 Y | 228.5 keV | 4.8 s | one- | ||
| 80m2 Y | 312.6 keV | 4.7 μs | 2+ | ||
| 81 Y | 39 | 42 | 80,92913 | 70.4 s | 5/2 + |
| 82 Y | 39 | 43 | 81,92679 | 8.30 s | 1+ |
| 82m1 Y | 402.63 keV | 268 ns | four- | ||
| 82m2 Y | 507.50 keV | 147 ns | 6+ | ||
| 83 Y | 39 | 44 | 82,92235 | 7.08 min | 9/2 + |
| 83m Y | 61.98 keV | 2.85 min | 3 / 2- | ||
| 84 Y | 39 | 45 | 83,92039 | 4.6 s | 1+ |
| 84m Y | -80 keV | 39.5 min | five- | ||
| 85 Y | 39 | 46 | 84,916433 | 2.68 h | 1/2 - |
| 85m1 Y | 19.8 keV | 4.86 h | 9/2 + | ||
| 85m2 Y | 266.30 keV | 178 ns | 5 / 2- | ||
| 86 Y | 39 | 47 | 85,914886 | 14.74 h | four- |
| 86m1 Y | 218.30 keV | 48 min | 8+ | ||
| 86m2 Y | 302.2 keV | 125 ns | 7- | ||
| 87 Y | 39 | 48 | 86,9108757 | 79.8 h | 1/2 - |
| 87m Y | 380.82 keV | 13.37 h | 9/2 + | ||
| 88 y | 39 | 49 | 87.9095011 | 106,616 days | four- |
| 88m1 Y | 674.55 keV | 13.9 ms | 8+ | ||
| 88m2 Y | 392.86 keV | 300 μs | 1+ | ||
| 89 Y | 39 | 50 | 88.9058483 | stable | 1/2 - |
| 89m Y | 908.97 keV | 15.663 s | 9/2 + | ||
| 90 y | 39 | 51 | 89,9071519 | 64,053 h | 2- |
| 90m Y | 681.67 keV | 3.19 h | 7+ | ||
| 91 Y | 39 | 52 | 90,907305 | 58.51 days | 1/2 - |
| 91m Y | 555.58 keV | 49.71 min | 9/2 + | ||
| 92 Y | 39 | 53 | 91.908949 | 3.54 h | 2- |
| 93 y | 39 | 54 | 92.909583 | 10.18 h | 1/2 - |
| 93m Y | 758.719 keV | 820 ms | 7/2 + | ||
| 94 y | 39 | 55 | 93,911595 | 18.7 min | 2- |
| 95 y | 39 | 56 | 94,912821 | 10.3 min | 1/2 - |
| 96 Y | 39 | 57 | 95,915891 | 5.34 s | 0- |
| 96m Y | 1,140 MeV | 9.6 s | 8+ | ||
| 97 Y | 39 | 58 | 96,918134 | 3.75 s | 1/2 - |
| 97m1 Y | 667.51 keV | 1.17 s | 9/2 + | ||
| 97m2 Y | 3.5233 MeV | 142 ms | 27 / 2- | ||
| 98 Y | 39 | 59 | 97.922203 | 548 ms | 0- |
| 98m1 Y | 170.74 keV | 620 ns | 2- | ||
| 98m2 Y | 410 keV | 2.0 s | 5+ | ||
| 98m3 Y | 496.19 keV | 7.6 μs | 2- | ||
| 98m4 Y | 1.1811 MeV | 830 ns | eight- | ||
| 99 Y | 39 | 60 | 98,924636 | 1,470 s | 5/2 + |
| 99m Y | 2.14165 MeV | 8.6 μs | 17/2 + | ||
| 100 Y | 39 | 61 | 99.92776 | 735 ms | one- |
| 100m Y | 200 keV | 940 ms | 4+ | ||
| 101 Y | 39 | 62 | 100,93031 | 426 ms | 5/2 + |
| 102 y | 39 | 63 | 101,93356 | 300 ms | |
| 102m Y | 200 keV | 360 ms | high | ||
| 103 y | 39 | 64 | 102.93673 | 224 ms | 5/2 + |
| 104 Y | 39 | 65 | 103.94105 | 180 ms | |
| 105 y | 39 | 66 | 104.94487 | 60 ms | 5/2 + |
| 106 Y | 39 | 67 | 105,94979 | 50 ms | |
| 107 y | 39 | 68 | 106,95414 | 30 ms | 5/2 + |
| 108 y | 39 | 69 | 107,95948 | 20 ms | |
| 109 y | 39 | 70 | > 393 ns | ||
Notes
- ↑ Meija J. et al. Isotopic compositions of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report ) // Pure and Applied Chemistry . - 2016. - Vol. 88 , no. 3 . - P. 293-306 . - DOI : 10.1515 / pac-2015-0503 .
- ↑ Preparation of 90Y by the 90Sr-90Y Generator for Medical Purpose
- ↑ Strontium-90-Yttrium-90 generator, Jakarta, Indonesia, 2010
- ↑ Russian drug for the treatment of liver cancer based on the yttrium-90 isotope is being prepared for CI
- ↑ Data shown for Audi G. , Wapstra AH , Thibault C. The AME2003 atomic mass evaluation (II). Tables, graphs, and references (Eng.) // Nuclear Physics A. - 2003. - Vol. 729 . - P. 337–676 . - DOI : 10.1016 / j.nuclphysa.2003.11.003 . - .
- ↑ 1 2 Data are given for Audi G. , Bersillon O. , Blachot J. , Wapstra AH The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties // Nuclear Physics A. - 2003 .-- T. 729 . - S. 3—128 . - DOI : 10.1016 / j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001 . - .
Strontium Isotopes Periodic Table on the Isotopes of Elements Zirconium Isotopes
| one H | 2 He | ||||||||||||||||
| 3 Li | four Be | five B | 6 C | 7 N | eight O | 9 F | ten Ne | ||||||||||
| eleven Na | 12 Mg | 13 Al | 14 Si | 15 P | sixteen S | 17 Cl | 18 Ar | ||||||||||
| nineteen K | 20 Ca | 21 Sc | 22 Ti | 23 V | 24 Cr | 25 Mn | 26 Fe | 27 Co | 28 Ni | 29th Cu | thirty Zn | 31 Ga | 32 Ge | 33 As | 34 Se | 35 Br | 36 Kr |
| 37 Rb | 38 Sr | 39 Y | 40 Zr | 41 Nb | 42 Mo | 43 Tc | 44 Ru | 45 Rh | 46 Pd | 47 Ag | 48 Cd | 49 In | 50 Sn | 51 Sb | 52 Te | 53 I | 54 Xe |
| 55 Cs | 56 Ba | * | 72 Hf | 73 Ta | 74 W | 75 Re | 76 Os | 77 Ir | 78 Pt | 79 Au | 80 Hg | 81 Tl | 82 Pb | 83 Bi | 84 Po | 85 At | 86 Rn |
| 87 Fr | 88 Ra | ** | 104 Rf | 105 Db | 106 Sg | 107 Bh | 108 Hs | 109 Mt | 110 Ds | 111 Rg | 112 Cn | 113 Nh | 114 Fl | 115 Mc | 116 Lv | 117 Ts | 118 Og |
| * | 57 La | 58 Ce | 59 Pr | 60 Nd | 61 Pm | 62 Sm | 63 Eu | 64 Gd | 65 Tb | 66 Dy | 67 Ho | 68 Er | 69 Tm | 70 Yb | 71 Lu |
| ** | 89 Ac | 90 Th | 91 Pa | 92 U | 93 Np | 94 Pu | 95 Am | 96 Cm | 97 Bk | 98 Cf | 99 Es | 100 Fm | 101 Md | 102 No | 103 Lr |