Banda Api [2] is a volcano located in the central part of the Banda Islands in the Banda Sea, Indonesia .
| Gang api | |
|---|---|
| indone. Gunung api banda | |
 Volcano Banda Api (1988). USGS snapshot. | |
| Specifications | |
| Volcano shape | Caldera |
| Last eruption | 1988 |
| Highest point | |
| Absolute height | 640 [1] m |
| Relative height | 640 m |
| Location | |
| A country |
|
| Mountain system | Gang |
Banda Api is a caldera , the highest point of which is 640 meters. The underwater caldera is 7 kilometers wide and the surface of the volcano is 3 kilometers wide. In addition to Banda Api, 2 more volcanic islands formed in the caldera. The underwater part of the volcano goes to a depth of 4,000 meters. The volcano is composed of basalts and rhyodacites . The formation of the caldera took place in at least 2 stages. The eruptions were of the Strombolian type; lava flows always reached the sea. Often there were explosive eruptions. The Europeans erupted volcano began to be recorded in 1586. Sailors of the Dutch and Portuguese ships often observed volcanic eruptions, sailing past Banda Api. In the period from 1586 to 1988, the volcano showed various activity about 25 times.
The last explosive eruption of the Plinian type began on May 9, 1988 at 6.30 in the morning. Then the pillar of ash rose to a height of 3,000 meters. Volcanic bombs were thrown into the air from the vent of the volcano, and lava flows flowed along the eastern slope. In the period from May 9-19, 1998, 5 craters were formed . Within a radius of 2 kilometers from the volcano, strong tremors were felt. About 7,000 residents of nearby islands were evacuated to safe areas, 2 nearby villages were destroyed. The volcano ceased operations in August 1988. Satellite observations of the volcanic eruption showed that particles of volcanic ash reached 16 km altitude.
At present, the volcano does not exhibit volcanic activity.
Notes
- ↑ Banda Api Volcano : [ eng. ] // Global Volcanism Program . - Smithsonian Institution . - Date of appeal: 03.09.2012.
- ↑ Malaysia, Indonesia / Atlas of the World / comp. and preparation. to the ed. PKO "Cartography" in 1999; open Ed .: T.G. Novikova , T.M. Vorobyova . - 3rd ed., Eras., Fr. in 2002 with diaposes. 1999 - M .: Roskartografiya, 2002. - S. 152-153. - ISBN 5-85120-055-3 .
Links
- Volcano Banda Api : [ eng. ] // Global Volcanism Program . - Smithsonian Institution .
- Volcano Live - John Search
- Peakbagger.com