Afanasy Dmytriyevich Shemenenko ( 1896 - 1972 ) - Soviet military leader, lieutenant general . Hero of the Soviet Union ( 1945 ).
| Afanasy Dmitrievich Shemenkov | ||||||||||
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| Date of Birth | February 10 (22), 1896 | |||||||||
| Place of Birth | village Gnilitsa, Cherikovsky Uyezd, Mogilev Province , Russian Empire (now the Krasnopolsky District of the Mogilev Region , Belarus ) | |||||||||
| Date of death | March 8, 1972 (aged 76) | |||||||||
| Place of death | Moscow , USSR | |||||||||
| Affiliation |  Russian Empire → the USSR | |||||||||
| Type of army | infantry | |||||||||
| Years of service | 1915 - 1953 | |||||||||
| Rank |  | |||||||||
| Commanded | 69th Infantry Division , 314th Infantry Division , 57th Guards Rifle Division , 29th Guards Rifle Corps , 9th Guards Rifle Corps | |||||||||
| Battles / wars | World War I Civil war in Russia , The Great Patriotic War | |||||||||
| Awards and prizes |
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Content
Initial Biography
Afanasy Dmitriyevich Shemenkov was born on February 10 (22), 1896 in the village of Gnilitsa, Cherikovsky district, Mogilev province (now the village of Lenino, Krasnopolsky district, Mogilev region of Belarus ).
Military Service
World War I and Civil War
In August 1915 he was drafted into the ranks of the Russian army .
He took part in the First World War in August 1915 with the rank of rank and file Preobrazhensky Life Guards Regiment . In September 1916 he received a month of leave, after which he did not return to the regiment. After the February Revolution, he came to the military chief of the county town Cherikov (Mogilev province) and was sent to his unit, where he arrived in late May - early June. As part of the regiment, he took part in the June offensive , during which he was wounded and captured in the area of Tarnopol . He was held in the prisoner of war camps of Spratzen and Theresenstadt.
In December 1917, Shemenkov as a disabled person was returned to Petrograd and in January 1918 he was dismissed from the army.
In March 1918, as a volunteer, he joined the partisan detachment of miners of the Makeyevsky district (Lozovsky partisan detachment), which in May joined the 1st Kursk Infantry Regiment.
In 1919 he joined the ranks of the RCP (b) .
In January 1919 he graduated from the Klintsy agitation courses and until May of that year was an agitator at the Novgorod-Seversky district military registration and enlistment office.
In August 1919 he graduated from the 6th Kiev Infantry Course, where he was left as platoon commander.
From October 1919 to May 1920, Shemenkov commanded a platoon of the 2nd training brigade of the 1st Krasnoural Division , from May to September 1920 was on assignments at the 1st brigade, and from September to December 1920 he commanded a company and was the head of the regimental school 9 1st Infantry Regiment of the 1st Krasnoural Division.
He participated in battles on the Southern Front against the troops of Generals A. I. Denikin and P. N. Wrangel .
Interwar
Until August 1925, Shemenkov commanded a platoon at the 44th brigade school of the 15th Infantry Division ( Ukrainian Military District ).
In 1923 he graduated from the military-political courses of the Political Administration of the Western Front, in 1927 - from the Kiev United Military School . He served in the infantry in command posts in the Kiev Military District , where he rose to the post of regiment commander.
In June 1938, Shemenkov was appointed commander of the 69th Infantry Division , stationed in the Far East .
In 1941 he graduated from the Advanced Training Courses for the command staff at the MV Frunze Military Academy , after which in April of that year Shemenkov was appointed to the post of head of the combat training department of the headquarters of the Central Asian military district .
World War II
Since September 1941, he took part in battles on the fronts of World War II as a commander of the 314th Infantry Division , conducting defensive battles in the area of the city of Novgorod and on the Svir River in the area of the city of Podporozhye ( Leningrad Region ).
From November 1941 to June 1942 he served as deputy commander of the 7th Army on the rear, which was defending on the line between Onega and Ladoga Lakes .
In 1942 he completed the crash course of the General Staff Military Academy .
From June 1942 to November 1943 he served as deputy commander of the 4th Guards Rifle Corps , in which he took part in the Battle of Stalingrad .
In November 1943 he was appointed commander of the 57th Guards Rifle Division , after which the division took part in the liberation of the cities of New Bug ( Nikolaev region , Ukraine ) and Odessa . On July 20, 1944, the division crossed the Western Bug River west of the city of Luboml ( Volyn Region , Ukraine), and on August 1, 1944, the Vistula River on a wide front, after which it took part in the liberation of the city of Magnuszew ( Poland ).
| The 57th Guards Rifle Division , led by General Afanasy Dmitriyevich Shemenkov, who managed to concentrate their regiments secretly and on time for a powerful strike, which essentially ensured success for the entire corps, played a leading role in the corps. Marshal of the Soviet Union V.I. Chuykov. |
By a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of April 6, 1945, for the skillful leadership of military formations and the personal courage and heroism of the guard shown, Major General Afanasy Dmitrievich Shemenkov was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union with the award of the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal (No. 5179).
In August 1944, he was appointed commander of the 29th Guards Rifle Corps , after which he participated in the liberation of Poland and battles in Germany .
Since the end of April 1945, he commanded the 9th Guards Rifle Corps , which during the Berlin operation occupied the city of Neuruppin , and on May 2, 1945, went to the Elba River, where he met with American troops .
Post-War Career
With the end of the war, Shemenkov commanded the corps ( Group of Soviet Forces in Germany and the North Caucasian Military District ).
In 1950, he graduated from the Higher Academic Courses at the General Staff Military Academy and in 1952 was appointed assistant commander of the 6th Army ( Northern Military District ).
Lieutenant-General Afanasy Dmitrievich Shemenkov in 1953 left the reserve. He died on March 4, 1972 in Moscow . He was buried at Vvedensky cemetery (plot 29).
Awards and titles
- Gold Star Medal (April 6, 1945);
- two orders of Lenin ( February 21 and April 6, 1945);
- four orders of the Red Banner (1938, 1941, February 14, 1943, 1945);
- Order of Suvorov II degree ( May 29, 1945);
- Order of the Red Star ;
- CCCP medals.
Compositions
- Shemenkov A.D. Storming the Citadel. - M .: Military Publishing , 1969 .-- 112 p. - ( Heroic past of our Motherland ).
Memory
Literature
- Heroes of the Soviet Union: A Brief Biographical Dictionary / Prev. ed. collegium I. N. Shkadov . - M .: Military Publishing , 1988. - T. 2 / Love - Yashchuk /. - 863 s. - 100,000 copies. - ISBN 5-203-00536-2 .
- Belarusian encyclopedia: At 18 t. T. 17: Khvynyavichy - Shchitnі / Redkal: G.P. Pashkoў і іnsh. - Mn. : BelEn, 2003. - T. 15. - S. 368. - 512 p. - 10,000 copies. - ISBN 985-11-0279-2 (T. 17). (belor.)
Links
Shemenkov, Afanasy Dmitrievich . Site " Heroes of the country ".