Charles Stark Draper ( Eng. Charles Stark Draper , October 2, 1901 - July 25, 1987 ) is an American scientist and engineer, often called the "father of inertial navigation ." Founder and director of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Instrumentation Laboratory. The laboratory was later separated from the institute and renamed the Charles Stark Draper Laboratory [4] .
| Charles Stark Draper | |
|---|---|
| Charles Stark Draper | |
 Charles Stark Draper (center photo) | |
| Date of Birth | |
| Place of Birth | Windsor , Missouri , USA |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | Cambridge , Massachusetts |
| A country | |
| Scientific field | Management theory |
| Place of work | Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Jet Propulsion Laboratory |
| Alma mater | University of Missouri Stanford University Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| Academic degree | Doctor of Science (Physics) |
| Known as | "The father of inertial navigation " |
| Awards and prizes | Man of the Year (1960) Outstanding Public Service Medal (NASA) (1967) |
Content
Biography
Born in the city of Windsor , Missouri , USA. In 1917 he entered the University of Missouri , from where in 1919 he transferred to Stanford . In 1922 he received a bachelor of arts degree in psychology and entered the Massachusetts Institute of Technology , where he successively received a bachelor of science (in 1926) and a master's degree (1928), and in 1938 he defended his doctoral dissertation in physics [5] . Since 1938, Pierce began teaching at the institute, and in 1939, as a professor, he lectured on aeronautics .
While still a master in 1930, he founded the laboratory of measuring instruments, which operates to this day. In 1961, the laboratory received a contract to participate in the Apollo program to develop the Apollo spacecraft on- board control computer . A computer the size of one cubic foot carried out calculations and controlled movement, navigation, and controlled command and lunar modules during flights. Since 1973, the laboratory separated from the Massachusetts Institute and began to bear the name Draper.
Another area of interest for Draper was inertial navigation devices, an applied field of engineering sciences, which began to form actively in the 30s of the XX century. Draper made an invaluable contribution to the establishment and development of inertial navigation, for which he was introduced to the National Inventor Hall of Fame in 1981. Draper’s laboratory developed navigation systems for military needs - for Atlas , Tor , Titan [6] , Polaris , Poseidon , Trident I , Trident II [7] missiles.
Awards and recognition
- 1957 - Holly Medal
- 1959 - William Procter Award for Scientific Achievements
- 1960 - recognized as the Person of the Year by the Time magazine [8] ;
- 1960 - Howard Potts Medal from the Franklin American Institute [9] ;
- 1964 - National Scientific Medal of the USA [10] ;
- 1967 - Medal for Outstanding Public Service (NASA)
- 1970 - NAE Founders Award
- 1971 - John Scott Medal
- 1971 - Rufus Oldenburger Medal
- 1973 - Lamme Medal of the American Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) [11] ;
- 1981 - Langley Gold Medal from the Smithsonian Institution [12] ;
- 1981 - entered the National Hall of Fame of the Inventors [13] .
In recognition of the merits of the scientist and engineer, the Charles Stark Draper Prize was founded in 1989, which is awarded for significant engineering achievements that have had a strong impact on society, as well as leading to an improvement in the quality of life and / or facilitating access to information [14] .
Interesting Facts
- Both Draper and many of his relatives played a prominent role in the life of Missouri. In particular, his cousin, Lloyd Stark , was the 39th governor of the state.
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Committee of Historical and Scientific Works - 1834.
- ↑ 1 2 Encyclopædia Britannica
- ↑ 1 2 SNAC - 2010.
- ↑ Charles Stark Draper Laboratory. History. Archived May 10, 2012 on Wayback Machine
- ↑ Charles Stark Draper - ETHW . ethw.org. Date of treatment March 19, 2019.
- ↑ Draper at 25. Innovation for the 21st Century Archived on May 1, 2014.
- ↑ AGC biography - Charles Stark Draper . authors.library.caltech.edu. Date of treatment March 19, 2019.
- ↑ Man of the Year: Men of the Year: US Scientists // Time. - 1961-01-02. - ISSN 0040-781X .
- ↑ The Franklin Institute Awards . The Franklin Institute (February 3, 2014). Date of treatment March 19, 2019.
- ↑ The President's National Medal of Science: Recipient Details | NSF - National Science Foundation . nsf.gov. Date of treatment March 19, 2019.
- ↑ IEEE Lamme Medal - ETHW ethw.org. Date of treatment March 19, 2019.
- ↑ Gold Medal Smithsonian Institute. Awards and Medals (link not available) . Date of treatment August 28, 2012. Archived on October 5, 2017.
- ↑ Hall of Fame / Inventor profile. Charles Stark Draper. Archived December 20, 2007.
- ↑ About the Draper Prize. Archived June 6, 2009 on Wayback Machine