Gymnasium of Princess A. A. Obolenskaya is a private gymnasium in St. Petersburg , the purpose of which was to prepare girls for admission to higher educational institutions. It was founded in 1870. This was the second educational institution for girls of this level in the country. In 1868, two years before the opening of the gymnasium, Prince. Obolenskaya, in St. Petersburg, a general education school for women (later a gymnasium) of Ms. Steshneva was opened, which had a program of men's classical gymnasium [1] . In 1918, the gymnasium was transformed into the 16th unified labor school of the city of Petrograd.
| Gymnasium of Princess A. A. Obolenskaya | |
|---|---|
| Founded by | 1870 |
| Closed | 1918 |
| Type of | and |
 | Identified object of cultural heritage of the peoples of the Russian Federation ( normative act ) (Wikigid database) |
Content
- 1 History of creation
- 2 Teachers
- 2.1 Gymnasium Management
- 2.2 Teachers
- 3 famous students
- 4 Literature
- 5 notes
Creation History
Arriving in 1868 with her husband A.V. Obolensky in St. Petersburg from Kovno , Alexandra Alekseevna Obolenskaya entered the circle of educated women ( A.P. Filosofova , M.A. Bykova, E.O. Likhacheva , M.V. Trubnikova ), in which the issue of opening the Higher Women's Courses in St. Petersburg was hotly discussed. Alexandra Alekseevna, being dissatisfied with the situation with secondary education for girls, decided to open a school, the training in which would prepare for a university course.
The decision of A. A. Obolenskaya, supported by her husband, caused a storm of indignation among his relatives, since such an occupation was considered low for the princess. General A. L. Potapov (later chief of the gendarmes) sarcastically remarked: “Why do not you, Alexandrine, open a laundry facility?” [2] . Despite the resistance of high-ranking relatives, the gymnasium was opened in November 1870.
The gymnasium course approximately corresponded to the programs of male real schools of that time.
Since 1871, the gymnasium was located in house No. 16 in Central Perspective (now Mayakovsky Street) [3] . In 1901, the gymnasium moved to a specially built house No. 8 along Baskov Lane [3] (architect G.V. Baranovsky , 1899 - 1900 ). In 1902-1903, the building was expanded under the leadership of a military engineer G. L. Kononov [4] .
After the revolution and the renaming of the gymnasium into the 16th unified labor school, teachers of pre-revolutionary recruitment continued to work in it. The sixteenth unified labor, and later secondary school, until 1930 was headed by a former teacher of the gymnasium, Prince. Obolenskaya Daniil Alexandrovich Alexandrov, father of mathematician, academician A. D. Alexandrov [5] .
Teachers
Gymnasium Management
- E.S. Volkov, head of the teaching staff in 1870-1875. In the past, a military engineer abandoned his military career and devoted himself to teaching. Married to the eldest daughter A. A. Obolenskaya Elizaveta Vasilievna
- A. Ya. Gerd - in 1875 he was replaced by E. S. Volkova, in 1877 the head of the gymnasium, and in 1879 , when the gymnasium was transformed into a gymnasium of the Ministry of Education, Gerd was appointed chairman of the pedagogical council of this gymnasium.
- After the death of A. A. Obolenskaya in 1890, her daughter Maria Andreevna Meshcherskaya became the owner of the gymnasium. But she, not having inherited the pedagogical talent of her mother, transfers all business management into the hands of Gerd, Forsten and E. N. Terstfeld [6] .
Teachers
- 1870s - A. N. Strannolyubsky - mathematician, developer of the school program; P.I. Weinberg is a dictionary.
- 1880s - Ya. I. Kovalevsky - physicist, E. F. Litvinova - mathematician, A. Ya. Bilibin - mathematician, A. O. Pulikovsky - geographer, N. E. Smirnov - literature [7] , D. A Tikhomirov - the theologian, N. G. Debolsky (1880–1896) [8] ; G.V. Forsten [9] (c. 1887? Years) - historian, Elizaveta Nikolaevna Terstfeld [6] .
Famous students
- Vilkina, Lyudmila Nikolaevna (1873-1920) - Russian poetess , writer , translator , publicist and literary critic . The course is not finished.
- Hagen-Thorn, Nina Ivanovna (1900-1986) - Russian ethnographer, historian, poet and memoirist.
- Gurevich, Lyubov Yakovlevna (1866-1940) - 1884, Russian writer, literary and theatrical critic, translator.
- Ermolaeva, Vera Mikhailovna (1893-1937) - 1910, artist , representative of the Russian avant-garde .
- Komissarzhevskaya, Vera Fedorovna (1864-1910) - since 1874, the course has not been completed [10] . Great actress.
- Krupskaya, Nadezhda Konstantinovna (1869-1939) - 1887 with a gold medal [3] , member of the RSDLP (b) , wife of V. I. Ulyanov .
- Nabokova, Vera Evseevna (nee Slonim; 1902-1991) - graduated from 6 classes (1916), wife of Vladimir Nabokov , translator of his works ( Pale Fire ).
- Saltykova, Elizaveta Mikhailovna (1873-1927) - 1890, daughter of M. E. Saltykov-Shchedrin [11] .
- Stolypin, Alexandra Petrovna (1898-1987) - the results of the exam for 1911, the daughter of P. A. Stolypin, are known [12] .
- Stolypin, Olga Petrovna (1897-1920) - the results of the exam for 1911, the daughter of P. A. Stolypin, are known [12] .
- Timireva, Anna Vasilievna (nee. Safonova; 1893-1975) - 1911, a Russian poetess, was a companion of Admiral Kolchak during the civil war.
- Tyrkova-Williams, Ariadna Vladimirovna (1869-1962) - studied simultaneously with N.K. Krupskaya , did not finish the course, member of the Central Committee of the Cadet Party, deputy of the State Duma, writer and critic.
- Cholet, Lydia (1896-1943) - 1914, Polish artist of Karaite descent.
Literature
- Obolensky V.A. My life. My contemporaries. Paris: YMCA-PRESS. 1988. c. 20-24.
Notes
- ↑ Kosetchenkova E. A. The history of the formation of female vocational education in Russia in the second half of the XIX - early XX centuries.
- ↑ Obolensky V.A. My life. My contemporaries. Paris: YMCA-PRESS. 1988. c. twenty.
- ↑ 1 2 3 women's gymnasium Obolenskaya
- ↑ The building of the female gymnasium of Prince. Obolenskaya
- ↑ Ladyzhenskaya O. A. Essay on the life and work of Alexander Danilovich Alexandrov
- ↑ 1 2 Sister John (Reutlinger) . AUTOBIOGRAPHY (inaccessible link) . Date of treatment March 23, 2013. Archived May 12, 2013.
- ↑ eng.ec/b/240148/read L. Kunetskaya K. Mashtakova Krupskaya FATHER AND MOTHER Archived July 11, 2013 on the Wayback Machine
- ↑ Debolsky N.G.
- ↑ Obolenskaya Alexandra Alekseevna (nee Dyakova) Archived April 14, 2015 on Wayback Machine
- ↑ 100 great actors - Igor Anatolievich Mussky. Vera Fedorovna Komissarzhevskaya (inaccessible link)
- ↑ Letter to the gymnasium of Princess Obolenskaya. May 1, 1884. Petersburg
- ↑ 1 2 Stolypin, Peter Arkadievich (1862-1911)