Karl Wilhelm Bucher ( German: Karl Wilhelm Bücher ; February 16, 1847 , Kirberg, Hesse - November 12, 1930 , Leipzig ) - German economist , historian of national economy and statistician, representative of the new (young) historical school in political economy . Professor of political economy at the University of Leipzig (1892-1917), founder (1916) and head of the Institute for Newspaper Studies at it.
| Karl Wilhelm Bucher | |
|---|---|
| him Karl Wilhelm Bücher | |
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| Date of Birth | |
| Place of Birth | Kirberg , Hessen |
| Date of death | or |
| Place of death | |
| A country | |
| Scientific field | economy |
| Place of work | Leipzig University |
| Alma mater | |
| Academic degree | |
| Academic title | Professor |
Content
Biography
Karl Bücher was born in 1847 in the family of the Friedrich Bücher bristler and his wife Christian, engaged in farming in the town of Kirburg [3] . From 1863 to 1866, the boy attended a gymnasium in Hadamar , and then in 1866–1869 studied history and philology at the University of Bonn and Göttingen [3] [4] . In 1870, he received his doctoral degree, having defended his thesis “Quaestionum Amphictyonicarum specimen” at the University of Bonn . De gente Aetolica Amphictyonicae participe ” [4] .
After graduating, Karl worked as a home teacher and gymnasium teacher [3] , and from 1878 to 1880 was the editor of the department of economic and social policy in the newspaper Frankfurter Zeitung [5] .
In 1881, Bücher became an associate professor at the Department of Political Economy and Statistics at the University of Munich [3] [4] [5] . In the summer of 1882, he was appointed Professor of Statistics at the University of Dorpat [3] [4] [5] and in the same year he married Emilia Mittermeyer [3] .
Already in the autumn of 1883, Karl Bucher acquired the chair of political economy and finance at the University of Basel [3] [4] [5] , and in the autumn of 1890 he became a professor of the national economy at the Karlsruhe Polytechnic [3] [5] . Two years later, in 1892, Karl Bucher became a professor of national economics at the Faculty of Philosophy of the University of Leipzig and worked in this position until 1921. In 1902-1903 he was appointed Dean of the Faculty of Philosophy, and in 1903-1904 - Rector of Leipzig University. [four]
Scientific Views
He believed that humanity developed progressively, gradually passing through the stages of natural economy without exchange, urban economy (direct exchange period), state economy and, finally, the world economy [6] . In the beginning of the 90s, in his work “The Emergence of the National Economy”, he asserted that antiquity and the early Middle Ages were at the stage of subsistence farming, the exchange during this period did not become an organic part of economic life and was casual, superficial, mostly relating to luxury goods, not consumer goods, which were mainly consumed in the same farms in which they were produced. Thus, Bucher emphasized the difference between the ancient economy and the economy of the capitalist era. Historians were against the findings of Bucher, whose focus was on the socio-economic history of the ancient era , including Julius Beloch , Edward Meyer and Robert von Peulman [7] .
Scientific Works
Among the scientific works of Karl Bucher can be distinguished [5] :
- "Die Frauenfrage im Mittelalter" (Tubingen, 1882)
- Die Arbeiterfrage im Kaufmannstand (Berlin, 1883)
- "Die Bevölkerung von Frankfurt am M. im XIV und XV Jahrhundert" (Vol. I, Tübingen, 1886)
- "Von den Produktionsstätten des Weihnachtsmarktes" (Basel, 1887)
- "Basels Staatseinnahmen und Steuervertheilung 1878-87" (Basel, 1888)
- "Die Bevölkerung des Kantons Baselstadt am 1 XII 1888" (Basel, 1890)
- "Die Wohnungs-Enquete in der Stadt Basel von 1-19 II 1889" (Basel, 1891)
- "Das russische Gesetz über die in Fabriken und Manufakturen arbeitenden Minderjährigen vom 1 Juni 1882" (in "Jahrb. Für Nationalökonomie", new ed., 8 t.)
- Bucher K. The emergence of the national economy: public lectures and essays / ed. and trans. I.M. Kulisher - 5th ed. corrected and add., trans. on the 16th it. ed. 1922 - Pg .: Akademia, 1923.
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 German National Library , Berlin State Library , Bavarian State Library , etc. Record # 118516884 // General Regulatory Control (GND) - 2012—2016.
- B BNF ID : Open Data Platform - 2011.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Ruedi Brassel-Moser. Bücher, Karl (German) . Historischen Lexikon der Schweiz (August 26, 2004). The date of circulation is October 21, 2012. Archived October 29, 2012.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 Professorenkatalog der Universität Leipzig ^ Karl Wilhelm Bücher (German) . Universität Leipzig. The date of circulation is October 21, 2012. Archived October 29, 2012.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 Bucher // The Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : 86 tons (82 tons and 4 extras). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- ↑ Alipov P.A. Historian M.I. Rostovtsev: The Scientific Success of the Emigrant // New Historical Gazette . - 2009. - № 19.
- ↑ Sergeev, V.S. History of Ancient Greece - Moscow: Oriental Literature Publishing House , 1963.
Literature
- in Russian
- Bucher, Karl / G. D. Glovely // Greater Caucasus - Grand Canal. - M .: The Great Russian Encyclopedia, 2006. - P. 478. - (The Great Russian Encyclopedia : [in 35 t.] / Ed. Yu. S. Osipov ; 2004–2017, t. 4). - ISBN 5-85270-333-8 .
- Goffenshefer V. Ts. Bucher, Karl // Literary encyclopedia: 11 tons . - [M.], 1929-1939. 2. - M .: Publishing House of the Communist Academy , 1929. - Stb. 51-52.
- in other languages
- The History of Economics / Dr. H. Nau & Prof. Dr. B. Schefold. - Berlin • Heidelberg: Springer, 2002. - p. 53–54. - ISBN 3-540-42765-1 .
- Walter Braeuer. Bücher, Karl Wilhelm // Neue Deutsche Biographie (NDB). - Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, 1955.