18th CCP Congress

The number of congress delegates was established by the Central Committee of the party at 2270 people, which is 53 more than the delegates of the previous, 17th congress ^[10] . The 2,270 delegates to the upcoming congress were elected by 40 electoral organizations across the country from more than 80 million members of the CPC and over 4 million grassroots party organizations in the country.

Among the elected delegates, the share of officials is 69.5%, the share of representatives of the advanced line of work and production is 30.5%. The number of communist workers will increase from 51 people at the previous congress to 169 people, including 26 migrant workers with a rural residence permit. The average age of delegates to the 18th congress of the CCP is 52 years old, including 114 delegates under the age of 35. They account for 5% of the total number of delegates to the congress. In particular, the oldest of the delegates is Jiao Joi, who was born in December 1915 and joined the CCP in 1936, the youngest is Jiao Liuyang, who was born in March 1990 and became a member of the CCP in 2008. In addition, 72.2% of the delegates to the upcoming congress joined the CPC after November 1976, in other words, the bulk of the delegates are people who are accepted into the party after the start of the reform and openness policies .

On November 14, the congress elected new members of the CPC Central Committee and the Central Discipline Inspection Commission . Thus, for the next ten years, the so-called fifth generation has come to power. According to Xinhua, the composition of the Central Committee has been renewed by about half ^[11] .

On November 15, at the 1st plenum of the Central Committee of the CPC of the 18th convocation, Xi Jinping was elected the new General Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPC , thus replacing Hu Jintao in this position, then he replaced him as chairman of the Military Council of the Central Committee of the CPC (and already in March 2013 years, at the 1st session of the NPC of the 12th convocation - as chairman of the People’s Republic of China , then Li Keqiang succeeded Wen Jiabao as Prime Minister of the People’s Republic of China). The discussion of candidates for members of the Politburo Standing Committee took place not only at the congress, but also during the several months preceding it - former Secretary General Jiang Zemin and other CCP elders. Back in May, they “democratically recommended” candidates for the highest party bodies, while the names of the future general secretary and future prime minister did not cause controversy, but eight candidates were nominated for the five remaining seats in the standing committee ^[12] . Prior to the congress, Hu Jintao, Xi Jinping and Jiang Zemin agreed on a list of candidates for the Standing Committee, whose membership was reduced from 9 to 7 ^[13] . Like the Politburo, he was also elected at the 1st plenum of the Central Committee of the CPC of the 18th convocation, it included:

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  Xi Jinping

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  Li Keqiang

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  Zhang Dejiang

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  Yu Zhengsheng

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  Liu Yunshan

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  Wang Qishan

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  Zhang Gaoli

Of the newly elected members of the Standing Committee, only Xi Jinping and Li Keqiang were members of his previous convocation.

Of the members of the Politburo of the 17th convocation , ten were included in its new composition, of which the seven already mentioned above became members of its Standing Committee (the remaining three: Wang Yang , Li Yuanchao , Liu Yandong ). Li Yuanchao left his membership in the secretariat of the Central Committee , but in March 2013 he was elected deputy chairman of the PRC (not being an ordinary member of the Politburo Standing Committee for this position); Liu Yandong and Wang Yang then received the post of deputy prime ministers.

The secretariat of the Central Committee was expanded from six to seven members. At the 1st plenum of the Central Committee of the CPC of the 18th convocation, a list of members of the Secretariat of the Central Committee of the CPC was approved, which included Liu Yunshan , Liu Qibao , Zhao Leji , Li Zhanshu , Du Qinglin , Zhao Hongzhu and Yang Jing ^[14] . Of the previous composition, only Liu Yunshan entered the new one, for whom this is the third term. Also from the previous Secretariat: Xi Jinping was elected Secretary General, Li Yuanchao in March 2013 - Deputy Chairman of the PRC, Wang Junin - Member of the Politburo. In the newly elected secretariat, at the same time, they became members of the Politburo: Liu Yunshan, member of the Postcom, who was replaced by Liu Qibao, head of the propaganda department, Zhao Leji, head of the organizational department, and Li Zhanshu, head of the Central Committee’s Office.

It is noted that the current composition of the Politburo PC can be considered both a compromise and a transition, since five years later, in 2017, due to age restrictions, 5 out of 7 newly elected leaders will not be able to enter it (that is, everyone except Xi Jinping and Li Keqiang) ^{[15] [16]} . It is also noted that by the next congress of the CCP in five years, 11 out of 25 members of the Politburo will have reached 70 years of age and will be forced to leave ^[7] .

It is noted that Hu Jintao took the initiative for "final departure" - unlike previous leaders of the PRC Deng Xiaoping and Jiang Zemin, who, while retired, continued to actively intervene in politics ^[17] . According to the Japanese newspaper Asahi Shimbun, in the days of the congress a decision was made to prohibit retired leaders from interfering in the political sector, allegedly Hu Jintao left all posts on the condition that all high-ranking party officials, without exception, would not interfere in politics after retirement ; the goal of this step is to eliminate the influence of the former party leader Jiang Zemin, who continued to participate in political decisions even after full retirement ^[16] .

• Burov V.G. XVIII Congress of the CPC and the development strategy of China // New and recent history. - 2013. - No. 3. - P. 23–41.

• Election of representatives of the 18th Congress of the Chinese Communist Party _russian.china.org.cn
• Full Report by Hu Jintao at the 18th CCP Congress
• Press Release of New Secretary General of the CPC Central Committee Xi Jinping at the End of the Congress
• http://russian.china.org.cn/exclusive/txt/2012-11/16/content_27137512.htm CHARTER OF THE CHINA COMMUNIST PARTY (Adopted with partial amendments by the XVIII All-China Congress of the CPC on November 14, 2012)
• What are the famous leaders of the new call ( Financial Times )