Ravandouz [1] [2] [3] [4] ( Arabic. راوندوز , Kurdish Rewandiz , Sorani ڕەواندز ) is a city in northern Iraq , located in Erbil governorate ( Iraqi Kurdistan autonomy).
| City | |
| Ravanduz | |
|---|---|
| Arab. راوندوز | |
 | |
| A country |  Iraq |
| Governorate | Erbil |
| History and Geography | |
| Center height | 658 m |
| Timezone | UTC + 3 |
| Population | |
| Population | 124 989 people ( 2012 ) |
Content
Geographical position
The city is located in the northern part of the governorate, in the highlands of the western slopes of Zagros , at an altitude of 658 meters above sea level [3] .
Ravanduz is located approximately 65 kilometers northeast of Erbil , the provincial capital, and 358 kilometers north of Baghdad , the country's capital.
Population
According to the last official census of 1965 , the population was 5,411 people [4] . The dynamics of the population of the city by years:
| 1965 | 2012 |
|---|---|
| 5,411 | 124 989 [5] |
The national composition of the population is dominated by Kurds .
History
The city was already known during the time of the New Assyrian kingdom and is mentioned as one of the points of trade along the road to Nineveh [6] . Since 1787, Ravanduz was the capital of the emirate of Soran , destroyed by the Ottoman authorities in 1836 [7] .
In 1915 , during the First World War , the city was occupied by Russian troops and Assyrians [8] . In 1922, the Turks took possession of the city [9] , and in 1923 the British . Between 1928 and 1932 , the British administration built a strategically important road from the city of Erbil, through Ravanduz, to the Iranian border in the region of Piranshahr [10] .
The city was also known as the center of Kurdish resistance to the Iraqi authorities.
Notes
- ↑ Atlas of the world. - M.: Federal Service of Geodesy and Cartography of Russia: ONIKS Publishing House, 2000 - p. 190
- ↑ Other name variations - Rovanduz, Rouvandiz, Roandiz, Revandus, Rovanduz, Rovanduz, Revandiz, Ravandiz
- ↑ 1 2 Physico-geographical data
- ↑ 1 2 World Gazetteer
- ↑ estimated
- ↑ Chahin M. The Kingdom of Armenia. - London, New York, Sydney: Croom Helm, 1987 .-- xix + 332 p. - ISBN 0-709-94800-X .
- ↑ Kurdish movement in modern and recent times / Ed. ed. M. A. Gasratyan. - M .: Nauka, 1987 .-- 300 p. - S. 8, 11.
- ↑ ASSYRIANS & THE ASSYRIAN IDENTITY IN THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE
- ↑ The Kurdish Problem and the Mosul Boundary: 1918-1925
- ↑ Hamilton, Archibald Milne (1930). Road through Kurdistan: travels in Northern Iraq
Literature
- Leach E. R. Social and Economic Organization of the Rowanduz Kurds. - London: Bloomsbury Academic, 1940. - 208 p. - ISBN 1-84520-019-5 . .