Mars 1960B ( Marsnik 2 , Ship 5 and Mars 1M No. 2 ) [1] - Soviet automatic interplanetary station , launched on October 14, 1960, with the Molniya 8K78 launch vehicle . The estimated date of flight is May 15, 1961. The device was not withdrawn due to a carrier rocket accident. It is part of the program 1M - a series of Soviet unmanned space probes for studying Mars.
| Mars 1960B | |
|---|---|
| Automatic interplanetary station "Mars 1M" № 2 Marsnik 2 Ship 5 | |
 Testing systems before launch | |
| Customer |  Soviet space program |
| Manufacturer | OKB-1 Plant number 88 NIIP-5 |
| Tasks | Exploring the planet with the flight path |
| Span | Mars |
| Launch pad | Baikonur Cosmodrome |
| Carrier rocket | Lightning 8K78 |
| Launch | October 14, 1960 |
| Going into orbit | Not displayed |
| Specifications | |
| Weight | 650 kg |
Content
Mission objectives and goals
- Removal of the vehicle on the flight path of Mars .
- Search for living organisms .
- The study of the ionosphere , the magnetosphere of Mars .
- Obtaining images of the surface of Mars with flight paths.
- The study of the interplanetary space between the Earth and Mars.
Designing
The design of the probe and the launch vehicle was carried out in 1958-1960. in OKB-1 . The assembly and assembly of the blocks was carried out at Plant No. 88 , the final assembly and tests were carried out at NIIP-5 .
Device Apparatus
The spacecraft was almost identical in design to the spacecraft - " Venus-1 ". The probe has a cylindrical shape, two meters in circumference with two wings of solar batteries , an antenna with a high gain in the length of 2.33 meters, the mass of the device is 650 kg. For the production of energy stored in silver-zinc batteries , two solar panels are responsible. Radio communication is carried out by a transmitter of a high-gain decimeter range, with the help of which the device sends data and sends telemetry. The rotating installation, on which the antenna is installed, is necessary to maintain its orientation towards the Earth. The device had 10 kg of payload from scientific instruments, such as a magnetometer mounted on a rod, a device for recording cosmic rays, a radiometer , a micro meteorite detector, a spectral reflectometer for detecting the CH group, with which the probe would try to find signs of life on Mars, and also a number of other tools. The instruments are installed outside the spacecraft, but not inside. A photo-television camera is installed in an airtight compartment, taking pictures through a protective mirror . For the guidance of solar panels on the sun is the solar sensor . The trajectory is corrected by the LRE engine on heptyl / nitric acid .
Flight History
At the 290th second of the flight, a third-stage engine failed due to leakage of liquid oxygen and the subsequent freezing of fuel (kerosene), which occurred even before launch. The third and fourth steps with a space probe burned down in the atmosphere. "Mars 1960B" reached a height of 120 km before it began to fall.
Sources
- ↑ NASA - NSSDC - Spacecraft - Details (Unavailable (inaccessible link) . The appeal date was August 19, 2012. Archived February 19, 2013.