Stream production is a progressive method of organizing production , characterized by the division of the production process into separate, relatively short operations performed on specially equipped, sequentially located workplaces - production lines [1] .
When ensuring the automatic movement of manufactured parts along the line, the line is called a conveyor , and production is called a conveyor .
Content
Signs of continuous production
- Location of jobs according to process and time
- Rhythmic production operations
- Consistency and simultaneity of various operations
- Narrow specialization of jobs in operations
- High degree of continuity of the production process
- Parallel process operations
Mass production is characterized by a narrow nomenclature and a large volume of output of products that are continuously manufactured or repaired for a long time. The coefficient of consolidation of operations in accordance with GOST 3.1108-74 for mass production is equal to or less than one. Thus, at each workplace, the execution of one constantly repeating operation is fixed. In this case, special high-performance equipment is used, which is arranged according to the flow principle (that is, during the process) and in many cases is connected by conveyor devices and conveyors to intermediate automatic control posts, as well as intermediate storage billets equipped with automatic reloaders (robotic manipulators ) The latter provide a change of workpieces at individual workplaces and control points. High-performance multi-spindle automatic and semi-automatic machines, complex CNC machines and machining centers are used. Widely used are automatic lines and computer-controlled automated production systems.
High-performance tooling, tools made of synthetic superhard materials and diamonds, and shaped tools of all kinds find significant application.
Widely used are precise individual initial blanks with minimal machining allowances (injection molding and precision casting, hot die forging and pressing, calibration and embossing, etc.)
The required accuracy is achieved by the method of automatic sizing during processing on metal-cutting equipment and by the method of complete interchangeability during the implementation of the assembly process. Only in individual cases, selective assembly is used to ensure group interchangeability.
The average qualification of workers in modern mass production is lower than in a single one. Comparatively low skilled workers work on customized machines. At the same time, highly skilled machine adjusters, specialists in electronic equipment and pneumohydroautomatics work in the workshops.
Further development of automation will lead to a decrease in the total number of workers due to the reduction of low-skilled specialists, and in the future, fully automated production will be serviced by a minimum number of highly qualified specialists in charge of complex equipment.
The technological documentation of mass production is developed in the most detailed way. Technical standards are carefully calculated and tested experimentally.
The benefits of in-line production
- labor productivity increase [2] ;
- shortening the production cycle;
- reducing backlogs of work in progress and accelerating the turnover of working capital;
- improving the quality of products, reducing defects;
- cost reduction of products.
See also
- Unit production
- Mass production
Notes
- ↑ Stream Production - article from the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (3rd edition)
- ↑ 2. Main characteristics of continuous production