Neo-Nazism in Russia

The first Nazi organizations in Russia and the USSR appeared in the 50s ^[1] .

The first public demonstrations of neo-Nazis in Russia took place in 1981 in Kurgan, and then in Yuzhnouralsk, Nizhny Tagil, Sverdlovsk and Leningrad ^{[2] [3]} .

In 1982, on Hitler’s birthday, a group of Moscow high school students staged a Nazi demonstration on Pushkin Square ^[2] .

It can take both individual and organized forms. In the latter case, Russian neo-Nazism is an extreme form of Russian nationalism and comes to the attention of the media in connection with crimes committed on the basis of ethnic hatred and intolerance. In addition to extremism, Russian neo-Nazism is often characterized by the most extreme form of anti-Semitism, reaching even anti-Christian and anti-Abrahamic views.

Many neo-Nazis are fond of black metal music, in connection with which Varg Vikernes enjoys special authority.

In addition to foreign Nazi musical groups, Russia also has its own, such as the Kolovrat, Gang of Moscow, Vandal, Metal Corrosion and others. The opinion of neo-Nazis, in the choice of music, diverges: Russian patriotism (army songs, guitar songs), the direction of Oi, pagan metal, etc.

In the company of Russian neo-Nazis and nationalists, there may be one or more (musical group) people who write their songs and / or poems on the themes of the homeland, people, their movements, etc. These songs, with their themes, may not remind of neo-Nazism (for example : love, sport).

In addition to music, Russian neo-Nazi and nationalist symbols should be noted. The opinion of the neo-Nazis themselves differs in symbolism. In general, it can be divided into several types:

• Imperial symbols - black-yellow-white flag and coat of arms of the Russian Empire ;
• The symbols of the Third Reich - a flag with a swastika, the coat of arms of Nazi Germany, the emblem of SS , a portrait of Hitler , the book " My Struggle ", a Nazi salutation and more;
• Russian symbols (recognized to a lesser extent) - white-blue-red flag , St. Andrew's flag , double-headed eagle , Orthodox cross and so on;
• International Nazi symbols - Celtic cross , runes and more;
• Pagan and pseudo- pagan symbols - Kolovrat , Svarog square and so on;
• Symbols used only within the group (usually such groups are authoritarian) - “new” flags / coats of arms / anthems of Russia, stylized coats of arms or signs, a modified Roman salute (with additional movements of the arms or legs, with shouts of different mottos) and so on.

Symbols can be used by different groups, both directed and combined. Attributes can be purchased mainly through the Internet. In online stores with real symbols you can buy: rings, lighters, bracelets, watches, knives, and more. Moreover, Nazi symbols should be held as "for historical reconstruction."

Russian neo-Nazis usually advocate and try to lead a healthy lifestyle (healthy lifestyle): playing sports, jogging, quitting smoking and drinking alcohol. The theme of healthy lifestyle is also revealed in music (Kolovrat - Direct Line).

The Nazis also advocate the racial purity of power, television and the economy - power, TV channels and banks, according to the Nazis, do not belong to the Slavic people (the theory of the Masonic conspiracy ). Many Nazis are inclined to the ideas of National Socialism, Narodism, and racial democracy. At the same time, some Nazis see the political ideal in the structure of Ancient Russia - in the justice of the principle of the national Slavic “ veche ”. Nevertheless, there are many supporters of the authoritarian role of the “leader”. Russian neo-Nazis also feel that they are part of the international neo-Nazi movement and use German ( Mad Crowd ) names and nicknames ( Werewolf Legion , Schulz-88 ).

Vladimir Mirzoev described this phenomenon as follows:

The specificity of Russian neo-Nazism should include its heterogeneity and diversity of views. Here you can find a revision of history in the spirit of ariosophy , and the authority of Russian White Guard collaborators ( General Krasnov ). Also, sometimes the heroes of certain groups of Russian Nazis become the “Cossacks of the Wehrmacht” ( “Old Man von Pannwitz” ), or the Russian “fighters against the Asian hordes”: Svyatoslav , Evpatiy Kolovrat and Dmitry Donskoy . The relationship of Northern Russia with the ancient "Aryan" Europe ( Novgorod Cross ) is often emphasized, or vice versa - a special relationship with the ancient "Aryan" India and the "Vedic civilization" of ancient Russia. "

Due to the difference of views among neo-Nazis, conflicts arise: the use of symbols (black-yellow-white flag or white-blue-red), musical direction (there is also a Nazi rap, which is not recognized by most neo-Nazis as "Negro" art), political differences ( white democracy or authoritarian regime), etc.

Racism

Nordism

Nazi Racial Politics

• Anti-Semitism
• Russian nationalism
• Russian fascism
• Racism in Russia
• White Society-88
• Lincoln 88
• National Socialist Society
• Navi Society
• Neo-Nazism in Ukraine

• Ilyushenko V.I. Xenophobia, nationalism, fascism: the faces of Russian neo-Nazism. - Academy, 2005. - 263 p.

• Neo-Nazism in Russia // Transmission of the Echo of Moscow radio station