Antiproton Decelerator (AD) is an antiproton moderator, a research synchrotron with a perimeter of 182 m at the CERN international European scientific center [1] [2] . Used to accumulate, cool and slow down antiproton beams.
| AD | |
|---|---|
 Experimental hall | |
| Type of | Storage device |
| Appointment | Antimatter experiments |
| A country |  France |
| Laboratory | CERN |
| Years of work | 2000 - |
| The experiments | ALPHA , ASACUSA , ATRAP |
| Technical specifications | |
| Particles | antiprotons |
| Energy | 2.2 GeV - 5.3 MeV |
| Perimeter / length | 182 m |
| Repetition rate | 1 / (1.9 min) |
| The number of clots | one |
| The number of particles in the bunch | 2 × 10 7 |
| other information | |
| Geographical coordinates | |
The AD drive was launched in 2000, becoming a source of antiprotons instead of the old antiproton complex, which consisted of AC rings (Antiproton Collector), AA (Antiproton Accumulator), LEAR (Low Energy Antiproton Ring), and stopped in 1996 [3] . The AD operation cycle consists of the accumulation of antiprotons with a momentum of 3.5 GeV / s, stochastic particle cooling , deceleration to 300 MeV / s, electron beam cooling , further deceleration to a pulse of 100 MeV / s, which corresponds to a kinetic energy of 5.3 MeV, and release into transport channels to experimental facilities. The duration of the cycle is 1.9 minutes; the intensity of the beam is 2 × 10 7 antiprotons. The source of antiprotons for AD is the conversion system, where a proton beam with a momentum of 26 GeV / c released from the PS proton synchrotron is dumped onto the target and gives rise to showers.
The antiproton beam emitted from AD is also slowed down either by passing through thin foils ( ALPHA , ATRAP experiments ) or in a linear decelerator with a high-frequency structure (RFQD) for the ASACUSA experiment, up to 15 KeV / s. These experiments, as well as the completed ATHENA , are aimed at obtaining, trapping and studying atoms of antimatter . So, in 2011, in the ALPHA experiment, it was possible to retain several hundred antihydrogen atoms for 15 minutes [4] . For more effective deceleration, it is proposed to build another ring, ELENA (Extra Low ENergy Atiproton ring), to slow down the kinetics energy released from AD from 5.3 MeV to 100 KeV [1] [5] .
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Antiproton Decelerator Status Report Archived July 13, 2012 to Wayback Machine , L. Bojtar, Proc. COOL'2009, Lanzhou, China, p. 1.
- ↑ The return of antimatter Archived March 4, 2016 to Wayback Machine , CERN Courier , Apr 30, 1999.
- ↑ Comissioning and First Operation of the Antiproton Decelerator (AD) Archived July 19, 2012 to Wayback Machine , Proc. PAC '2001, Chicago, p. 580.
- ↑ CERN: Antimatter in the trap. Archived February 3, 2014.
- ↑ ELENA prepares a bright future for antimatter research Archived March 5, 2016 at Wayback Machine , CERN Courier , Aug 26, 2011.