Grape juice - juice made from grapes . It serves as the basis for the production of wine and other drinks. Grape juice waste is used to make various products. Juice contains glucose, fructose, organic acids, minerals, amino acids. Grape juice is useful for a number of diseases and functional disorders [1] .
Content
Composition
Depending on the grape variety and climatic conditions in the place of its growth, the organoleptic properties and the content of substances in the juice can vary significantly. Grape juice contains glucose , fructose , organic acids ( gallic , orotic , coffee , ascorbic , chlorogenic , nicotinic ), minerals , amino acids ( proline , arginine , serine , tryptophan , alpha-alanine , methionine , etc.). During the production of squeezed grape juices, fat-soluble vitamins , some macro- and microelements , amino acids remain in squeezes and sediments. Also, part of the nutrients is lost during clarification and stabilization of the juice [2] .
Production
At home
Making grape juice at home is not difficult. First, the grapes are washed and cleaned of the stalks. To produce a small amount of juice, use a mechanical or electric juicer , a meat grinder , a blender or a food processor . To obtain a large amount of grape juice, hand presses are used. Juice obtained from a press or an electric juicer can be consumed immediately. In other cases, the juice from crushed berries or the resulting slurry should be decanted with a sieve or gauze. Freshly squeezed juice is not stored for a long time. It can be stored by heat treatment, spilled in a sterilized container and hermetically closed (see canning ). Juice should be kept in the cold.
Industrial Production
Grape-to-juice processing plants are usually located near vineyards . Harvested grapes in trucks delivered to the shop. First, the grapes are washed and sent to an inspection conveyor to check the quality. At the next stage, grape ridges are separated and the berries are fed into the pulp . The wort, obtained by gravity after grinding, enters the storage tank, and the pulp goes under the press , after which the squeezed juice is also sent to the storage tank [3] .
Subsequently, the collected liquid passes through rough filtration , clarifies with flocculants ( silicon dioxide and gelatin ) and is sent to a centrifuge . After this stage, it passes through a fine filter and cools . Then, during the detartment process, tartar is separated under the influence of liquid carbon dioxide and the sediment is removed during filtration. At the last stages of processing, grape juice is deaerated , sent for packaging and pasteurized [3] .
Notes
- ↑ Mitrakova S.I. Assessment of grape varieties for juice production // Scientific journal KubGAU. - 2009. - No. 50 .
- ↑ Sosyura E.A., Burtsev B.V., Guguchkina T.I. Functional drink based on grape juice // Vestnik APK Stavropol. - 2011. - No. 4 . - S. 18-21 .
- ↑ 1 2 Tagirova P. R. Technological methods for processing grapes // Political and electronic network scientific journal of the Kuban State Agrarian University. - 2014. - No. 100 . - S. 521-533 .