Rasmus Bartholin ( Dat. Rasmus Bartholin , Latin Erasmus Bartholinus ; August 13, 1625 , Roskilde - November 4, 1698 ) is a Danish scientist: physician , anatomist , physicist , mathematician and teacher of the 17th century .
| Rasmus Bartholin | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Date of Birth | |
| Place of Birth | |
| Date of death | |
| A place of death | |
| A country | |
| Place of work | |
| Alma mater | |
Biography
Rasmus Bartolin was born into a family known for outstanding scientists, twelve of his relatives were professors at the University of Copenhagen . Three generations of the Bartolin family made a significant contribution to anatomy and medicine in the 17th and 18th centuries: Rasmus's father, Caspar Bartolin (senior) ( 1585 - 1629 ), his older brother Thomas Bartolin ( 1616 - 1680 ), and his nephew Caspar Bartolin (younger) ( 1655 - 1738 ) [5] .
He studied at various universities in Europe for 10 years. Professor of geometry, and later medicine, University of Copenhagen .
He became famous after the discovery of the effect of splitting in anisotropic media of a light beam into two components, now known as birefringence . First discovered by him on a crystal of Icelandic spar (calcite). Rasmus Bartolin published a description of this phenomenon, but since the physical nature of light was not fully understood at that time, the scientist could not explain it. This became possible only after the wave theory of light proposed by Thomas Young at the beginning of the 19th century.
He was the first to describe Patau Syndrome in scientific medicine, a human chromosomal disease characterized by the presence of an extra chromosome in cells [6] .
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 BNF identifier : Open Data Platform 2011.
- ↑ 1 2 Archive for the history of mathematics MacTutor
- ↑ 1 2 Encyclopædia Britannica
- ↑ German National Library , Berlin State Library , Bavarian State Library , etc. Record # 119105241 // General Normative Control (GND) - 2012—2016.
- ↑ Hill, Robert V. (2007) Glimpse of Our Past - The contributions of the Bartholin family to the study and practice of clinical anatomy (link not available) . Clinical Anatomy, Volume 20, Issue 2 (March 2007), pp. 113-115. Retrieved February 22, 2007. (English)
- ↑ Patau syndrome: photos, symptoms, what it is, how much they live . tvojajbolit.ru. Date of treatment March 1, 2018.
Literature
- Bartolin, family // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- Hramov Yu. A. Bartolin, Erasmus // Physicists: Biographical Reference / Ed. A.I. Akhiezer . - Ed. 2nd, rev. and add. - M .: Nauka , 1983 .-- S. 25 .-- 400 p. - 200,000 copies. (per.)
Links
- Rasmus Bartholin Biography
- Erasmus Bartholin, Experimenta crystalli islandici disdiaclastici quibus mira & infolita refractio detegitur (Copenhagen, Denmark: Daniel Paulli, 1669).
- Erasmus Bartholin (January 1, 1670) An account of sundry experiments made and communicated by that learn'd mathematician, Dr. Erasmus Bartholin, upon a chrystal-like body, sent to him out of Island, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London , 5 : 2041-2048.