Polygalov, Pavel Andreevich

Pavel Andreyevich Polygalov was born on January 28 ( January 15 according to the old style ) in 1912 in the provincial city of Perm of the Russian Empire (now the city, the administrative center of the Perm Territory of the Russian Federation ) in a working class family. Russian He graduated from seven classes of high school and the school of FZU . P. A. Polygalov joined the ranks of the Workers 'and Peasants' Red Army as a volunteer in 1931. In 1933, he graduated from the United School of Military Pilots and Aviation Technicians in Perm, and in 1936, the 9th Military School of Pilots and Observer Pilots in Chuguev . Before the war, he served in bomber aircraft. In 1941, Pavel Andreevich graduated from advanced training courses for navigators of the Workers 'and Peasants' Red Air Fleet, and in July of that year he was sent to Voronezh , where the formation of the 421st Special Purpose Long-Range Bomber Aviation Regiment was underway . At the end of July 1941, the regiment was relocated to Rostov-on-Don . In August of the same year, he joined the 81st Long-Range Aviation Division and in early September was transferred to the Undol airfield near Vladimir .

In battles with the Nazi invaders, Captain P. A. Polygalov from September 7, 1941 as a ship navigator. During the war years, Pavel Andreevich fought on airplanes Er-2 , TB-3 , R-5 , PS-84 , SB , Il-4 and B-25 . During 1941, as a navigator, P. A. Polygalov made 18 sorties to bombard the concentration of enemy troops and his military infrastructure in the face of the overwhelming advantage of the Germans in the air. On October 9, 1941, during a raid on the Smolensk railway junction on a Polygalov plane, one engine was damaged by anti-aircraft artillery fire. However, this did not prevent Pavel Andreevich from accurately bringing the aircraft to the intended target. Upon returning to their airfield, the crew was forced to leave a tanned plane over the territory occupied by the enemy. After 12 days, the crew crossed the front line and returned safely to the unit.

In December 1941, the 421st long-range bomber regiment was transformed into the 747th long-range aviation regiment as part of the 3rd long-range aviation division . Since mid-February 1942, acting from the Kratovo airfield in the interests of the North-Western , Kalinin , Western and Bryansk fronts, captain P. A. Polygalov, navigator of the ER-2 ship, participated in raids on enemy troop concentrations and bombing of railway junctions, military trains and airfields the enemy. Pavel Andreevich brought his bomber to targets in Vitebsk , Minsk , Orsha , Yartsevo , Vyazma , Smolensk, and also participated in reconnaissance flights in the near and deep rear of the enemy. In June 1942, Captain Polygalov was one of the first in long-range aviation to master the route for the transfer of B-25 aircraft from Iraq to the USSR . Since the summer of 1942, Pavel Andreevich fought on a B-25 aircraft in the crew of A. A. Balenko . Between 07.25. On 09.09.1942, the navigator Polygalov participated in four raids on Koenigsberg ^[1] and one raid on Danzig ^[2] . In August 1942, the regiment, in which P. A. Polygalov served, participated in battles in the Stalingrad direction. The crews of the regiment were forcedly used as front-line bombers, and therefore the regiment suffered heavy losses. In one of the battles, B-25 Polygalov was also shot down, but the crew managed to reach their territory and jump with parachutes. In November 1942, Pavel Andreevich participated in the fulfillment of special tasks of the command for scattering leaflets in the area of Kramatorsk , Stalino ^[3] , Makeevka and Ordzhonikidze ^[4] , during which more than ten million units of campaign materials were dropped.

In June 1943, from the five crews remaining in service of the 747th Aviation Regiment and the 15th Guards Aviation Regiment of Long-Range Aviation , the 22nd Guards Aviation Regiment of Long-Range was formed as part of the 5th Guards Aviation Division of the 4th Guards Aviation Corps of Long-Range action . P. A. Polygalov, who had become a major by this time, was appointed to the post of navigator of the regiment. In the summer of 1943, the regiment participated in the Battle of Kursk , in the autumn of 1943, Major Polygalov guided a group of TB-7 bombers at enemy military facilities in Smolensk and Orsha. In the spring of 1944, Pavel Andreevich participated in the Uman-Botoshansk operation of the 2nd Ukrainian Front . In the summer of 1944, the 22nd Guards Aviation Regiment participated in Operation Bagration in the Bobruisk direction. Guard Major P. A. Polygalov was particularly distinguished in the early days of the Red Army's offensive in Belarus . When bombing enemy targets in Selishche on June 23 and 24, 1944, Pavel Andreevich was in the sectors of anti-aircraft artillery fire every time for about an hour, illuminating targets, for which he was thanked on behalf of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief ^[5] .

In August 1944, the 4th Guards Long-Range Aviation Corps was deployed to Ukraine and took part in the Iasi-Chisinau operation . Major P. A. Polygalov usually participated in the sorties of the guard as the leader of the guidance and controller of the regiment and division. At the same time, Pavel Andreevich participated in special tasks of the command, which consisted in the delivery of weapons, ammunition, medicines and other military supplies to the Yugoslav People’s Army . In total, by October 1944, Major P. A. Polygalov made 190 sorties, including 4 sorties to Königsberg, 1 sortie to Danzig, 3 sorties to Helsinki and 16 sorties to the Yugoslav partisans. Pavel Andreevich made 55 sorties as a leader in guiding aircraft to the target and as controller of the regiment and division. During the combat work of P. A. Polygalov as a navigator of the regiment, the 22nd long-range guards aviation regiment made 2810 ^[6] sorties. Having begun work with five crews in 1943, the Guard Major Polygalov by October 1944 led the operations of the navigators of twenty-eight crews. During this time, Pavel Andreevich put the training of young navigators well in the regiment and personally prepared 32 pilots for navigational work. For the exemplary performance of the combat missions of the command on the front of the fight against the German invaders and the courage and heroism shown by the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated November 5, 1944, the Guard, Major Polygalov Pavel Andreevich was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union. Soon he was awarded another military rank - lieutenant colonel .

In December 1944, in connection with the reform of long-range aviation, the 22nd Guards Aviation Regiment was transformed into the 238th Guards Sevastopol Bomber Aviation Regiment as part of the 15th Guards Bomber Aviation Division of the 4th Guards Bomber Aviation Corps of the 18th Air Army . In the last months of the Guards War, Lt. Col. P. A. Polygalov made another seven sorties, including bombing military facilities and railway junctions in Veszprem ( Hungary ) and Znojmo ( Czechoslovakia ). Its total flight time was 1392 hours, of which 830 hours were combat flight. Pavel Andreevich completed the battle path on May 9, 1945 at the Tekel airfield in Hungary.

After the war, P. A. Polygalov continued to serve in the USSR Air Force. In 1953 he graduated from the Higher Flight Tactical School of Long-Range Aviation Commanders (Ivanovo) and was awarded the military rank of colonel. After being discharged to the reserve in 1959, Pavel Andreevich lived and continued to work in the Ostafyevo air garrison of the Leninsky district of the Moscow region (now the Ostafyevo microdistrict of the Novomoskovsk administrative district of Moscow). October 4, 1968 Pavel Andreevich died. He was buried in the Alley of Heroes of the cemetery "Red Hill" in the city of Podolsk .

• Medal "Golden Star" (11/05/1944);
• Order of Lenin (11/05/1944);
• three orders of the Red Banner (02.20.1942; 12.31.1942;?);
• Order of Alexander Nevsky (12/29/1943);
• Order of the Patriotic War of 1 degree (07.25.1945);
• two orders of the Red Star ;
• medals, including:

medal "For Military Merit" .

• A plaque in honor of the Hero of the Soviet Union P. A. Polygalov was installed in the village of Ozernoye, Zhytomyr Region of Ukraine .

• Polygalov Pavel Andreevich // Heroes of the Soviet Union: A Brief Biographical Dictionary / Prev. ed. collegium I. N. Shkadov . - M .: Military Publishing , 1988. - T. 2 / Love - Yashchuk /. - 863 s. - 100,000 copies. - ISBN 5-203-00536-2 .
• Golden Stars of Prikamye / comp .: I. A. Kondaurov , S. I. Mokrousov. - 3rd ed., Ext. - Perm: Perm Book Publishing House, 1974. - S. 318-319. - 487 p.
• Golovanov A.E. Long-range bomber .... - M .: LLC Delta NB, 2004. - 630 p.

• Public electronic document bank “The Feat of the People in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945” (neopr.) . Date of treatment August 3, 2012. Archived March 13, 2012.

Submission to the title of Hero of the Soviet Union and the decree of the USSR PVS on conferring the title (neopr.) . Date of treatment August 3, 2012. Archived October 1, 2012.

Presentation to the Order of Lenin (Neopr.) . Date of treatment August 3, 2012. Archived October 1, 2012.

Order of the Red Banner (award sheet and decree of the PVS of the USSR dated 02.20.1942 on awarding) (neopr.) . Date of treatment August 3, 2012. Archived October 1, 2012.

Order of Alexander Nevsky (award sheet and award order) (neopr.) . Date of treatment August 3, 2012. Archived October 1, 2012.

Order of the Patriotic War of 1 degree (award sheet and order for awarding) (neopr.) . Date of treatment August 3, 2012. Archived October 1, 2012.

• Polygalov, Pavel Andreevich (Russian) . Site " Heroes of the country ".
• Golden stars of Prikamye (neopr.) . Date of treatment August 3, 2012. Archived October 1, 2012.
• P. A. Polygalov on the website of the State Institution of Defense of the Moscow Region N.K. Moscow Regional State Scientific Library Krupskaya ” (neopr.) . Date of treatment August 3, 2012. Archived October 1, 2012.
• P. A. Polygalov on the website ilpilot.narod.ru (neopr.) . Date of treatment August 3, 2012. Archived October 1, 2012.