Naum Mikhailovich Kalyuzhny (real name is Sheitelman ) ( March 8, 1886 , p. Ustivitsa, Poltava province (now Velikobagachansky district , Poltava region , Ukraine ) - November 17, 1937 , Kharkov ) - revolutionary, politician, diplomat of the Ukrainian SSR, journalist .
| Naum Mikhailovich Kalyuzhny | |
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Biography
Born into a large Jewish family, his father was a teacher. In 1902 he graduated from the city school in Romny . At the age of eighteen he passed exams at the Poltava gymnasium and became a national teacher.
Since 1905 - a member of the party of Ukrainian socialist revolutionaries , engaged in illegal activities in the Poltava region.
In 1906-1907 he was arrested and supervised by the police (until 1909); since 1907 he created cells of the Ukrainian Socialist Revolutionaries .
He worked as a national teacher. During the First World War he served in the Russian army (1916 - August 1917).
Belonged to the Ukrainian party of socialists-revolutionaries. Formally, not entering the party’s governing bodies, he played a prominent role in the activities of the left wing, which took shape in March 1919 as a party of Borotbists. It had a significant impact on its young leaders.
Since the end of 1919 - edited the newspaper Proletarskaya Pravda, published in Ukraine in Russian.
Then, in the Ukrainian Left Socialist-Revolutionary Party (Borotbists) , in 1920 joined with some of the Borotbists in the USSR ( Communists ).
Since 1920 - member of the Communist Party (Bolsheviks) of Ukraine .
He was elected a member of the All-Ukrainian Central Executive Committee (WUCIC) of the 2nd-6th convocations, a candidate member of the All-Ukrainian Central Executive Committee of the 7th-8th convocations.
Political Commissioner-head of the agitation and instructor train VUTsIK them. Lenin, editor of the train newspaper " Worker and Peasant " (Ukrainian "Robitnik i Selyanin", August 1920 - April 1921), "The Rural Poor " ("Silska Bidnota"), then the magazine "Red Way " ("Chervoniy Shlyakh").
Since 1921 - at diplomatic work. Member of the Russian-Ukrainian delegation of the Russian-Ukrainian-Polish Repatriation Commission ( Warsaw , 1921 ), from August 1921 - 1st Secretary of the Plenipotentiary Representation of the Ukrainian SSR in Germany, from September 1922 - 1st Secretary of the Plenipotentiary of the Ukrainian SSR in Austria, from August 1923 to December 1924 - 1st Secretary of the Plenipotentiary Mission of the USSR in Czechoslovakia.
On behalf of the Central Committee of the Communist Party (b) U, he organized the publication in Vienna of the pro-communist monthly “New Society” (1923–1924) under the editorship of S. Vitika.
From January 1925 to April 1926 - head of the socio-cultural section of the People’s Commissariat of the Workers and Peasants Inspection of the Ukrainian SSR ( Kharkov ).
From April 1926 to December 1929 - Advisor to the Plenipotentiary Representation of the USSR in Czechoslovakia. From February 1, 1930 to May 15, 1931 - in the apparatus of the People's Commissariat of Ukraine (head of the Department of Literature, member of the Board of the People’s Commissariat of Education, head of the Literature Control Sector, then - in the reserve of responsible employees of the People’s Commissariat of Education). Later - at the publishing work in the People's Commissariat of Justice of the Ukrainian SSR, from where he quit due to illness.
January 23, 1937 passed a membership card and filed an application for withdrawal from CP (b) U due to illness.
September 18, 1937 was arrested in Kharkov on charges of belonging to the Ukrainian military organization . He pleaded not guilty.
He died in a Kharkov prison. The investigation into him in connection with his death was terminated in December 1937.
Source
- Encyclopedia of History of Ukraine: T. 4: Ka-Kom / Editorial: V. A. Smoliy (head) and ін. NAS of Ukraine. Institute of History of Ukraine. - K .: V-in "Naukova Dumka", 2007. - 528 p.: Il. (Ukrainian)