Tourism in Vietnam is an important part of the modern Vietnamese economy . From 2008 to 2018, the number of foreign tourists has more than tripled, in 2016 exceeding 10 million per year. Most are tourists from China and the Republic of Korea . The National Tourism Authority of Vietnam follows a long-term plan to diversify the tourism sector, bringing the necessary foreign currency to the country [1] .
The importance of tourism for the economy is growing. For lovers of hiking, beach holidays, nature, studying culture, Vietnam appears as a new goal in Southeast Asia. Hotel construction investors are attracted by a coastline of three thousand kilometers and large cities. Travel offers are becoming more diverse. Tour operators offer small ethnic tours, hiking and cycling tours, kayaking and tours to neighboring countries, mainly Cambodia and Laos . Since 1997, foreign tourists are allowed to move freely around the country.
Tourism in the economy
The focus of the Vietnamese economy is gradually shifting from the agricultural sector to the services sector, which in 2004 brought already more than a third of the country's GDP: hotels, catering, transport [1] .
In 2007, the share of tourism in GDP amounted to 4.5%, for 2018 - 7.5% [2] . More and more foreign investment focuses on tourism. Tourism (especially the construction of hotels) ranks third in attracting investment after heavy industry and urban development [3] .
The flow of tourists to Vietnam is growing steadily almost every year. However, tourism revenues are growing significantly slower than the tourist flow, since the average tourist spends much less money than in other countries of the region. In Vietnam, the average tourist costs are 93 US dollars per day and 900 for the whole vacation, while, for example, in neighboring Thailand - 163 and 1565 dollars, respectively. The Tourism Association of Vietnam believes that the reason for this is the lack of "night" entertainment [2] .
Another problem of Vietnamese tourism is the need to obtain a visa for visiting by foreign tourists. Vietnam is working to simplify the visa regime, but the number of countries with visa-free entry to Vietnam is still half that of Thailand. Considerable efforts are being made to establish a visa-free regime with European countries, since tourists from these countries spend more money (an average of $ 1,316 per trip). With the simplification of the regime, Vietnam hopes to increase the number of tourists to 17–20 million in 2020 and raise tourism revenues to 35 billion US dollars (10% of GDP) [2] .
Centers of gravity
Natural Attractions
In Vietnam, there are 31 national parks with a total area of more than 1 million hectares (about three percent of the country's area).
Eight Vietnamese biosphere reserves are part of the UNESCO Man and the Biosphere program: Dongnai , Katba , Red River Delta , Kienziang , West Ngean , Kulaotam Hoi An , Muikamau and the Kanzyo mangrove forest.
World Heritage Sites
In Vietnam, eight UNESCO World Heritage Sites include the Hue Monument Complex , Halong Bay , the historic city of Hoi An , the Michon Temple Complex, the Fong Nya Kebang National Park, the Hanoi Imperial Citadel , the Ho Dynasty Citadel and the Changang Landscape Complex . Halong Bay is also recognized as one of the seven new wonders of nature .
Cities
Hanoi has repeatedly hit the top ten world destinations according to TripAdvisor . He took eighth place in 2014 [4] , fourth in 2015 [5] and eighth in 2016 [6] .
In 2014, Hanoi , Hoi An, and Ho Chi Minh City received the TripAdvisor Traveler's Choice Award and were among the top 25 tourist destinations in Asia (2, 10, and 18 places respectively) [7] .
In 2019, The New York Times put Danang on the list of 52 best summer destinations, calling it “Vietnamese Miami. ” [8]
Other popular resorts of the country - Mui Ne , Nha Trang , Dalat .
Military tourism
Since wars have played a significant role in the history of Vietnam for thousands of years, many tourist attractions have a military theme. Among them are the Vietnam Museum of Military History , ancient fortresses (such as the Citadel of the Ho Dynasty and the Imperial Citadel in Hue), objects dedicated to the first and second Indochinese Wars ( Tunnels of Kuti , Museum of War Victims , Hanoi Hilton and others) [9] .
Tourism Infrastructure
Transport
The largest number of tourists arrives in Vietnam by air. So, in 2013, out of 7.6 million, about 6 million tourists arrived by air [10] . The largest number of tourists and accepts Tan Son Nhat Airport, serving Ho Chi Minh City and the south of the country as a whole. In the north, guests are welcomed by Noi Bai Airport in Hanoi, the country's largest airport in terms of area and capacity. Other important airports are Da Nang , Cam Ranh and Katby . In 2018, the new Wandon Airport was opened, which should become a gateway for Halong Bay for tourists.
The infrastructure for sea voyages is also developing. In November 2018, the passenger port in Halong began operation, making it more convenient for passengers on cruise liners to visit Halong Bay [11] .
Accommodation
Statistics
Number of foreign tourists
Source: Vietnamese Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism [12] .
| Year | Entered of tourists | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 05/2019 | 7 295 548 | 14.3% [13] |
| 2018 | 15 497 791 | 19.9% [14] |
| 2017 | 12 922 151 | 29.1% [15] |
| 2016 | 10 012 735 | 26% |
| 2015 | 7 943 651 | 0.9% |
| 2014 | 7 874 312 | four % |
| 2013 | 7 572 352 | 10.6% |
| 2012 | 6 847 678 | 10.8% |
| 2011 | 6 014 032 | 19.1% |
| 2010 | 5,049,855 | 34.8% |
| 2009 | 3 772 359 | −10.9% |
| 2008 | 4 253 740 | 0.6% |
| 2007 | 4 171 564 | sixteen % |
| 2006 | 3,583,486 | 3% |
| 2005 | 3 467 757 | 18.4% |
| 2004 | 2 927 876 | 20.5% |
| 2003 | 2,429,600 | −7.6% |
| 2002 | 2 628 200 | 12.8% |
| 2001 | 2,330,800 | 8.9% |
| 2000 | 2 140 100 | 20.0% |
| 1999 | 1,781,800 | 17.2% |
| 1998 | 1 520 100 | −11.4% |
| 1997 | 1,715,600 | 6.7% |
| 1996 | 1 607 200 | 18.9% |
| 1995 | 1,351,300 |
Foreign tourists by country
Source: Vietnamese Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism [16] [17] .
| A place | A country | 05/2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | 2014 | 2013 | 2012 | 2011 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| one | China | 2 135 607 | 4 966 468 | 4 008 253 | 2 696 848 | 1,780,918 | 1 947 236 | 1 907 794 | 1 428 693 | 1,416,804 |
| 2 | The Republic of Korea | 1 764 205 | 3,485,406 | 2 415 245 | 1,543,883 | 1 112 978 | 847 958 | 748 727 | 700 917 | 536,408 |
| 3 | Japan | 388 927 | 826 674 | 798 119 | 740 592 | 671,379 | 647,956 | 604,050 | 576 386 | 481 519 |
| four | Republic of China | 357,231 | 714 112 | 616 232 | 507 301 | 438,704 | 388,998 | 398,990 | 409,385 | 361 051 |
| five | USA | 329,233 | 687 226 | 614 117 | 552 644 | 491,249 | 443,776 | 432,228 | 443,826 | 439,872 |
| 6 | Russia | 319 726 | 606 637 | 574 164 | 433 987 | 338 843 | 364,873 | 298 126 | 174,287 | 101 600 |
| 7 | Malaysia | 252,469 | 540 119 | 480,456 | 407 574 | 346 584 | 332,994 | 339 510 | 299 041 | 233 132 |
| eight | Thailand | 215,676 | 349 310 | 301 587 | 266 984 | 214 645 | 246 874 | 268 968 | 225,866 | 181 820 |
| 9 | Australia | 175 616 | 386 934 | 370,438 | 320 678 | 303,721 | 321 089 | 319 636 | 289,844 | 289 762 |
| ten | Great Britain | 146,283 | 298 114 | 283 537 | 254,841 | 212 798 | 202 256 | 184 663 | 170 346 | 156 300 |
| eleven | France | 141 940 | 279 659 | 255,369 | 240,808 | 211 636 | 213,745 | 209 946 | 219 721 | 211 444 |
| 12 | Singapore | 116 603 | 286 246 | 277,658 | 257,041 | 236,547 | 202 436 | 195 760 | 196,225 | 172,500 |
| 13 | Germany | 108 435 | 213 986 | 199,872 | 176 015 | 149,079 | 142,345 | 97 673 | 106,068 | 45,000 |
| 14 | Canada | 80 494 | 149,535 | 138 242 | 122 929 | 105 670 | 104 291 | 104 973 | 113 563 | Tba |
| 15 | Philippines | 72 921 | 151 641 | 133 543 | 110 967 | 99,757 | 103,403 | 100 501 | 99 192 | Tba |
| sixteen | Cambodia | 55,180 | 202 954 | 222 614 | 211 949 | 227,074 | 404,159 | 342 347 | 331,939 | 423,440 |
| 17 | India | 51 193 | // | // | // | // | // | // | // | // |
| 18 | Indonesia | 43,876 | 87 941 | 81 065 | 69 653 | 62,240 | 68 628 | 70 390 | 60 857 | Tba |
| nineteen | Laos | 42,527 | 120 009 | 141 588 | 137 004 | 113,992 | 136 636 | 122 873 | 150 678 | 118,500 |
| 20 | Italy | 33,494 | 65,562 | 58 041 | 51,265 | 40,291 | 36,427 | 32 143 | 31 337 | Tba |
| 21 | Sweden | 33 093 | 49,723 | 44,045 | 37,679 | 32 025 | 32,466 | 31,493 | 35,735 | Tba |
| 22 | Netherlands | 32,492 | 77,300 | 72,277 | 64,712 | 52 967 | 49 120 | 47 413 | 45,862 | Tba |
| 23 | Denmark | 23,355 | 39,926 | 34 720 | 30,996 | 27,414 | 27,029 | 25,649 | 27 970 | Tba |
| 24 | Spain | 22,633 | 77 071 | 69 528 | 57 957 | 44 932 | 40,716 | 33 183 | 31 305 | Tba |
| 25 | Hong Kong | 22 571 | 62,208 | 47,721 | 34 613 | Tba | 14 601 | 10 232 | 13 383 | Tba |
| 26 | New Zealand | 19,876 | 49 854 | 49 115 | 42,588 | 31 960 | 33 120 | 30 957 | 26,621 | Tba |
| 27 | Switzerland | 18 033 | 34 541 | 33 123 | 31 475 | 28,750 | 29,738 | 28 423 | 28,740 | Tba |
| 28 | Finland | 13,775 | 22,785 | 18,236 | 15 953 | 15,043 | 13,831 | 14,660 | 16 204 | Tba |
| 29th | Norway | 13 064 | 26 134 | 24,293 | 23 110 | 21 425 | 22,708 | 21,157 | 19 928 | Tba |
| thirty | Belgium | 12 958 | 31 382 | 29 144 | 26,231 | 23,939 | 23,227 | 21 572 | 18 914 | Tba |
| Everything | Total | 7 295 548 | 15 497 791 | 12 922 151 | 10 012 735 | 7 943 651 | 7 874 312 | 7 572 352 | 6 847 678 | 6 014 032 |
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Vietnam country profile . Library of Congress, Federal Research Division (December 2005). This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain .
- ↑ 1 2 3 Vietnam's tourism revenues are still growing too slowly despite an impressive increase in travelers
- ↑ Archived copy (inaccessible link) . Date of treatment July 31, 2012. Archived July 19, 2011.
- ↑ Life. TripAdvisor's Most Popular Travel Destinations . Business Insider (April 8, 2014). Date of treatment June 28, 2017.
- ↑ TripAdvisor's picks: World's top 25 destinations | CNN Travel . Cnn.com (March 24, 2015). Date of treatment June 28, 2017.
- ↑ TripAdvisor picks world top 10 destinations - CNN.com | CNN Travel . CNN.com (March 22, 2016). Date of treatment June 28, 2017.
- ↑ Best Destinations in Asia - Travelers' Choice Awards - TripAdvisor Date of treatment June 11, 2015.
- ↑ The New York Times American newspaper ranked Danang among 52 top travel destinations for the coming summer.
- ↑ Vietnam War Sites of Interest . TripSavvy . Date of treatment January 3, 2019.
- ↑ TITC. International visitors to Viet Nam in December and 12 months of 2013 - Vietnam National Administration of Tourism . Tổng cục Du lịch Việt Nam (December 26, 2013). Date of treatment June 11, 2015.
- ↑ Halong has earned a harbor for cruise ships
- ↑ Tourism Statistics . Vietnam National Administration of Tourism . Date of treatment January 26, 2012.
- ↑ Tourism Statistics . Date of treatment January 2, 2019.
- ↑ Tourism Statistics . Date of treatment January 2, 2018.
- ↑ Tourism Statistics . Vietnam National Administration of Tourism . Date of treatment January 2, 2018.
- ↑ International visitors to Vietnam in December and 12 months of 2011 . Vietnam National Administration of Tourism . Date of treatment January 26, 2012.
- ↑ International visitors to Viet Nam in December and 12 months of 2018 . Vietnamtourism.gov.vn. Date of treatment June 28, 2017.
Links
Travel Guide Vietnam at Wikiguide