Nguyen Zu ( Vietnamese. Nguyễn Du , 1765-1820, literary pseudonyms - That Ny ( Tố Như ) and Thanh Hien ( Thanh Hiên ) ) - the great [3] [4] Vietnamese poet, who wrote in ti-nome . Best known as the author of the epic poem The Wailing of the Tortured Soul ( Vietnamese. Đoạn Trường Tân Thanh ) better known as The Poem of Kieu ( Vietnamese Truyện Kiều ) or simply “Kieu” [5] . Most Vietnamese cities have central streets named after him [6] .
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Content
Biography
Youth
Nguyen Zu was born in 1765 in the village of ( Hachin Province ) [7] [8] [9] , in the family of a former minister under Le named Nguyễn Nghiễm . Nguyen Zu was the seventh child in the family, and, having lost his parents by the age of 13, he lived with his brother Nguyễn Khản , then with his sister’s husband Douan Nguyễn Tuấn .
At the age of 19 (according to other sources, at 17), Nguyen Zu passed the exams and received the title tai túi , which, if roughly generalized, can be equated to a bachelor's degree, although at the time of Nguyen Zu much less people were engaged in self-education, and the standards were higher .
Mother Nguyen Zu was his father’s third wife; she was known for her talents in singing and writing poetry; she made a living by singing, which was considered not prestigious.
Maturity
After passing the exams, Nguyen Zu received the post of military attache in the imperial army. The princes of Chin were defeated in 1786 by Nguyen Hue (the middle, most talented, and most popular of the Taishon brothers ). Nguyen Zu refused to serve the Taishon administration. He was arrested and detained, and then sent to his native village. Despite this, there is evidence that Nguyen Zu went to visit his brother who served with the Taishons [10] .
When Zia Long suppressed the Taishon rebellion and regained control of Vietnam in 1802, Nguyen Zu agreed to serve at court, which many mandarins refused, believing that it was not necessary to serve two dynasties. First, Zu was reinstated as attaché, and 10 years later, in 1813, he was promoted to ambassador in China. In China, Nguyen Zu finds and translates a legend from the Ming Dynasty called (金 雲 翹; Viet. Kim Vân Kiều, “Kim, Wang and Kieu”), an unknown Chinese author hiding under a pseudonym (青 心 才 人, “A Talented Man with a Young Soul”; Viet. Thanh Tâm Tài Nhân), which will later become the basis for the “Walls of the Torn Soul”. Zu was later sent with two diplomatic missions to Beijing , but he did not get into the second, as he died from a long illness that he refused to treat.
Kieu
In Kieu, Nguyen Zu makes critical judgments about Chinese Confucian morality: the love affair of the two main characters is hindered by the heroine’s devotion to . To understand the plot, it is necessary to take into account the context of the creation of the poem: Zu considered himself a traitor by accepting a post with Nguyens.
Kieu is so popular in Vietnam that even illiterate peasants can read it by heart.
Other work
- Traveling North ( Bắc Hành Tạp Lục ) ,
- Điêu la thành ca giả,
- “Song of the unfortunate fate in Thanglong” / “The fate of the singer in Thanglong” ( Long thành cầm giả ca / Bài ca về người gảy đàn ở Thăng Long ) ,
- Mộng đắc thái liên,
- Nam Trung Tạp Ngâm,
- Ngẫu hứng V,
- Ngô gia Đệ cựu ca cơ,
- Thác lời trai phường nón,
- Thanh Hiên thi tập,
- Văn chiêu hồn.
Nguyen Zu also wrote in Chinese [10] .
Literature
- Renowned Vietnamese Intellectuals prior to the 20th Century (essay by historian Nguyen Khak Vien), The Gioi Publishers, 2004.
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 BNF identifier : Open Data Platform 2011.
- ↑ German National Library , Berlin State Library , Bavarian State Library , etc. Record # 119056925 // General regulatory control (GND) - 2012—2016.
- ↑ Nikolai Ivanovich Nikulin. The great Vietnamese poet Nguyen Zu. - Fiction, 1965. - 117 p.
- ↑ Vietnam Culture (unavailable link) . - “Another great Vietnamese poet, Nguyen Zu, developed to perfection the literary Vietnamese language as well as A. Pushkin Russian language in Russia.” Date of treatment July 29, 2012. Archived on October 7, 2012.
- ↑ Ancient copies of the poem “Kieu” - Illustrated magazine Vietnam (inaccessible link)
- ↑ Vietnam Country Map. - Periplus Travel Maps, 2002–03. - ISBN 0-7946-0070-0 .
- ↑ Embassy of Viet-Nam. {{{title}}} (unchanged) // Vietnam Bulletin. - 1971. - T. 5-8 .
- ↑ Dingwall, Alastair. Traveler's Literary Companion to South-East Asia. - the University of Michigan: In Print Publishing, 1994. - P. 202. - ISBN 9781873047255 .
- ↑ Taus-Bolstad, Stacy. Vietnam in Pictures. - Twenty-First Century Books, 2003 .-- P. 71.
- ↑ 1 2 History of World Literature / Ed. G.P. Berdnikova. - Academy of Sciences of the USSR; Institute of World Lite. them. A.M. Gorky, 1988 .-- V. 5 .-- S. 629.