Reno Burgundy ( French Renaud de Bourgogne ; d. 1321 ) - Count of Montbeliard since 1282 . The son of Senor Salen Hugo de Chalon (from the Hebrew dynasty ) and the Palatine Grafini of Burgundy Adelgeida , also known as Alice Meranskaya. He became the first representative of the burgundy branch of the Chalons house among the counts of Montbeliard.
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Biography
On May 15, 1282, Renault married Guillomette of Neufatelle , Countess of Montbeliard, becoming Earl by right of wife. She was the daughter of Amedeo Nefshatelsky .
Freedom Charter for Montbeliard
In May 1283, Renault granted the city of Montbeliard a charter of freedom . This charter of privileges, the solemn announcement of which took place in the town of Saint-Martin, reinforced the new position of the citizens of Montbeliard. The Charter secured the cessation of the burden of servitude , established the concept of unprecedented freedom of the individual, which was very progressive for that historical era. The inhabitants of Montbeliard for their release had to collectively pay 1000 silver estevenant [2] ( fr. Estèvenante ).
According to the charter of 1283, Renault also laid the foundations of urban governance, which will operate until the French Revolution . This division of power between the lord (often absent) and the bourgeois class gave impetus to the formation of a new warehouse of public life. Thus, Montbeliard becomes a "modern" medieval city.
The management of the city was entrusted to the so-called Council of Nine , consisting of nine free citizens (each of whom was the head of one of the nine “patrols” or neighborhoods that make up the city). The Council of Nine was led by two city foremen and the mayor, who was the representative of the city at the count. These three posts were held annually by a draw between members of the Council. At the same time, the “Magistrate,” or City Council, the governing body and the court was formed. The magistrate was composed, for the most part, of merchants and artisans. They formed a city court, which was authorized to consider petty cases and make decisions on them. At the same time, the sovereign count remained the supreme judge.
Constantly experiencing the need for funds for the war with the Holy Emperor Rudolph I , in 1307 , Reno also granted freedom to the city of Belfort in exchange for paying 1000 silver equations . He received exactly the same amount 24 years ago from the citizens of Montbeliard.
Marriage and Children
In a marriage with Guillomette Neufathelskaya was born a son and four daughters:
- Otenin , mentally retarded, who died in 1339
- Agnes , married to Henry de Monfocon
- Jeanne, in 1299, married Ulrich III, Count of Ferret, then she was married to Rudolf Hesso , Margrave of Baden-Baden and married for the third time in 1336 to Count Guillaume Katzenelnbogen (she died in 1349 ).
- Margarita, who married Guillaume d'Antigny, the lord of Saint Croix.
- Alice, who married Jean II of Chalon-Osser (died in 1363 ).
County Inheritance
On September 1, 1314, Renault made a will, under the terms of which all property is inherited by his wife Guillomette. But she died a few years later. In 1321 , shortly before his death, Reno composes a new will, according to which the inheritance is shared between his children. It is important that under the conditions of the will, the former mentally retarded Otenin, in the event of his incapacity, is placed under the care of his successor.
Hugo of Burgundy, brother of Renault, who became the guardian and was regent of the county for 5 years, was appointed successor. If, within 5 years after the death of Reno, Otenin will be steadfastly unable to manage the affairs of the county (this is exactly what happened), then the inheritance is finally divided between the children of Reno, and the county of Montbeliard will be obliged to provide assistance to Otenin until the end of his days. Otenin will die 17 years after the death of his father.
After the death of Regent Hugo of Burgundy (c. 1330 ), the county of Montbeliard was succeeded by Agnes, the third daughter of Renault and the wife of Henry I de Monfocon . Jeanne, the eldest heiress, received Belfort . Thus began the division of the county of Montbeliard , since Belfort first fell into the hands of the Counts Ferret, and then, after 1360 , entered the Austrian possessions of the Habsburgs .
Notes
- ↑ Nouveau dictionnaire de biographie alsacienne / Ed. Fédération des sociétés d'histoire et d'archéologie d'Alsace
- ↑ Coin minted by the archbishops of Besancon.
Literature
Le Roman d'une Principauté , D. Seigneur. - Éditions: Cêtre (Besançon). Les comtes Palatins de Bourgogne , T. Le Hête. - 1995
See also
- County Montbeliard
- County Burgundy
- List of rulers of the county of Burgundy
- Hebrew Dynasty