Russia 2045

The movement was created in February 2011 by an initiative group of Russian scientists headed by Dmitry Itskov, president of the New Media Stars holding. ^[2] .40041 people were on November 16, 2015 from Russia, the USA, Europe, etc. The headquarters of the movement is located in Moscow ( Russia )

The number 2045 in the name of the movement means the year of the onset of technological singularity ^[3] . Representatives of the movement believe that no later than this year, the artificial body will not only significantly surpass the existing in its functional capabilities, but will also achieve perfection in shape and can look no worse than a human ^[4] . The basis for such a forecast are multiple models of the processes of development of mankind and the Earth's biosphere, indicating the hyperbolic speed of this development. ^[3] For example, the predictions of the famous American inventor and futurologist Raymond Kurzweil ^[5] .

At the same time, the work of Alexander Panov suggests the exact opposite, in particular, according to Panov, the world went through the peak of development speed in the 70s of the twentieth century. (“Snooks-Panov curve” ^[6] ) ..

Today, the members of the initiative group are ^[7] :

• Itskov, Dmitry Ilyich (founder of the movement, president of the Global Future 2045 congress) - businessman; until March 2012, president of Newmedia Stars
• Frolov, Alexander Alekseevich (Head of Avatar A) - Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, Head. Laboratory of Mathematical Neurobiology of Education, Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology RAS
• Dunin-Barkovsky, Vitaliy Lvoich (Head of Avatar B / ReBrain ) - Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Professor, Head. Department of Neuroinformatics, Center for Optical Neural Technologies, Research Institute for System Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences
• Bolonkin, Alexander Alexandrovich - Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor
• Bulatov, Dmitry Khametovich - artist, art theorist, curator of the State Center for Contemporary Art (Kaliningrad branch)
• Varfolomeev, Sergey Dmitrievich - Doctor of Chemical Sciences, Professor, Head. Department of Chemical Enzymology, Moscow State University, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Director of the Institute of Biochemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences
• Kaplan, Alexander Yakovlevich - Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, Head. Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Neural Interfaces, Faculty of Biology, Moscow State University
• Konyshev, Vladimir Anatolyevich - Doctor of Medical Sciences, Head of Neurobotics
• Kucherenko, Vladimir Alexandrovich - futurist writer, journalist
• Ryabinin, Vyacheslav Evgenievich - Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, Inventor of the Bioartificial Liver apparatus
• Selishchev, Sergey Vasilievich - Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Professor, Head. Department of Biomedical Systems, Moscow State Institute of Electronic Technology , editor-in-chief of the journal " Medical Equipment "
• Tereshina, Elena Vladimirovna - Doctor of Biological Sciences, Head. Laboratory of Lipid Exchange, Russian Research Institute of Gerontology, Roszdrav
• Shamenkov, Dmitry Alekseevich - candidate of medical sciences, member of the expert board on biomedical projects of the Skolkovo Innovation Center Development Fund.
• Yablokov, Mikhail Yurievich - Ph.D. in Physics and Mathematics, Senior Researcher at the Laboratory of Heat-Resistant Thermoplastics ISPM RAS , creator of the nanosensor neural-like system "Electronic Nose"
• Yakhno, Vladimir Grigorievich - Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Autowave Processes Group, Head. Laboratory of the Institute of Applied Physics RAS

Among the experts of the movement V. Y. Argonov , I. V. Artyukhov, O. G. Bakhtiyarov, N. Bostrom , I. V. Vishev , B. K. Gavrilyuk, D. V. Galkin, A. I. Galushkin, M. S. Gafitulin, D. I. Dubrovsky , S. N. Enikopolov , S. A. Zhukov , H. Isiguro , S. V. Krichevsky, A. V. Kudryavtsev, P.O. Luksha , A. P. Nazaretyan , A. Yu. Palyanov, S. B. Pereslegin , V. F. Petrenko , B. Rodrig, A. Sandberg , L. A. Stankevich, D. S. Strebkov , K. Warwick , V. N. Shabalin ^[7] .

Shortly after the movement was formed, an initiative group of scientists (most of whom are from the institutes of the Russian Academy of Sciences ^[8] ) developed a generalized plan for the project to create an artificial human body (in the publications of the movement it appears as “Technoproject” or “Avatar Project” - similar to the film of the same name James Cameron ). ^[9] Within the framework of this project, parallel research and development is planned in four areas:

• Avatar A is a non-biological anthropomorphic artificial human body remotely controlled via the brain-computer interface .

In the course of work on the direction, the following can be created: new advanced prostheses of the organs of the human body, as well as the sense organs; exoskeletons of various functions; new human computer languages; new autonomous robots , etc.

• Avatar B - the creation of an artificial body suitable for transplantation into it of the human brain at the end of life, as well as the development of the transplantation procedure itself. According to some scientists, the human brain under certain conditions is able to function much longer than other organs of the physical body, and therefore the transfer of the brain to a more perfect, hardy, durable carrier can potentially extend a person’s life to 200-300 years. ^[9]

In the course of work on the direction, bioprostheses with direct nervous control, symbiotic biocomputers based on nervous tissue and electronic devices, new methods of cryopreservation and restoration, etc. can be created.

• Avatar B (in other ReBrain publications) - the creation of a technique for transferring the intangible structure of human consciousness into a completely artificial body. To implement this direction, the use of "reverse engineering" of the brain is proposed.

The head of the direction is V. L. Dunin-Barkovsky.

• Avatar G - creating a body from nanorobots and a hologram body.

According to Dmitry Itskov, unlike the other stages, the fourth is his dream that there will be a “transition from possessing a vulnerable biological body, first to a cybernetic body, then to a body from nanorobots, which can be controlled by the power of thought and change its shape under this influence and then, perhaps, even to an intangible body, which will consist of particles of light and resemble a hologram ” ^{[9] [10]} . However, Ray Kurzweil also gives the same forecast, and the image of the body - clouds from nanorobots even got on the cover of Time. ^[eleven]

Negotiations with the RAS

In July 2011, a number of criticisms were made by the leadership of the Commission on the fight against pseudoscience of the Russian Academy of Sciences to the movement “Russia 2045” ^{[12] [13]} . In response, the initiators of the movement asked the RAS to conduct an examination of their projects. According to the results of a joint meeting held on August 11 with experts from the Russian Academy of Sciences (M. V. Ugryumov, N. G. Sheremet, I. V. Bondar), the Kurchatov Institute (B. F. Reutov) and the Ministry of Education and Science (A. V. Naumov and others) the social usefulness of the movement’s initiative to create a non-state fund to support scientific research aimed at improving the quality and increasing human life expectancy was recognized ^{[14] [15]} .

Presentation of the Movement at the Singularity Summit

In October 2011, Dmitry Itskov spoke at the sixth Singularity Summit in New York , becoming the first representative from Russia at this event. ^{[16] [17]} In his report, Immortality 2045. Russian experience “Itskov presented the movement“ Russia 2045 ”, its goals and the project plan for achieving cybernetic immortality, as well as the successes and plans for the movement already available (the translated text of the speech is available on the movement’s website ^[18] ) . He stated:“ so that to make the project real, we need to promote the idea publicly and form a social order. ” ^{[19] [20] [21]} The report also announced plans to transform the movement into a global movement with the new name“ Inhumanity 2045 ”, outlined the goals and the proposed structure of the world’s movement Genesis. ^[22]

First Congress “Global Future 2045” (Moscow 2012)

“Global Future 2045” ( Eng. Global Future 2045 ) is an international scientific congress dedicated to the problems of global changes in civilization in the context of the rapid development of innovative technologies, and discussion of the development paradigm for human civilization ^[23] . The main topics of the congress: robotics, neurobiology, regenerative medicine, neurocomputer interfaces , cognitive sciences, the philosophy of transhumanism and immortalism , universal history , the interaction of science and religion, etc.

The first congress was organized by the Russia 2045 movement and the Euro-Asian Center for Megastory and System Forecasting of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences in 2012. The events took place on February 17-20 in Moscow, with widespread media support ^{[24] [25] [26] [27]} .

Leading scientists from Russia, the USA, Canada, Great Britain, Holland, and Australia took part in it ^[28] . In particular, famous foreign scientists include Raymond Kurzweil , Nick Bostrom , Eric Chason , John Smart , Randal Kune , David Christian and Anders Sandberg . Domestic science was represented by Hakob Nazaretyan , Dmitry Strebkov , Sergey Enikolopov , David Dubrovsky and many others, including academicians and corresponding members of the RAS and RAAS, as well as Alexander Kudryavtsev, vice-president of the TRIZ International Association.

In addition to questions of technical and natural sciences, a significant part of the program was devoted to the subject of the structure of society and human psychology in the future, as well as to issues of spiritual development in conditions of technological progress. In addition to scientists, practicing psychologists and psychotherapists, writers, public figures and spiritual leaders were involved in the discussion of these topics. In particular, speeches were made by writer Mikhail Weller , futurist writer Maxim Kalashnikov , industrial designer Vladimir Pirozhkov , bishop of the Orthodox Church in America Lazar (Puhalo) , yoga master Swami Vishnu Dev, lama Acharya Gonbo Dorje, and Taoism teacher Francis Alan.

The congress also presented technical developments carried out under the direction of the “Russia 2045” movement: the work of the cyber prosthesis of the hand with the neurointerface and the Dima avatar (the alleged first version of Dmitry Itskov’s avatar) - created by the Neurobotics company, as well as controlling external devices using mental teams (through signal processing with EEG ) - from the Kiev representatives of the University of Effective Development (school of psychonetics) ^[11] .

The third block of discussion was the interaction of science with the state and the business community. Participants in discussions on this subject were, among others, the president of the QIWI Group, Andrei Romanenko, the head of the Space Technology and Telecommunications Cluster of the Skolkovo Foundation, Sergey Zhukov . A separate round table was held on "Investing in the Future", which discussed the problem of attracting investment in breakthrough technologies of the future ^[29] .

Based on the results of the congress, a resolution is being developed with recommendations for achieving favorable future options, which the movement proposes to send to the UN , UNESCO and the G20 heads of state ^{[30] [31]} .

Meetings of Movement Supporters in the Regions

In June 2012, the movement announced the transition to the active development of the public side of its activities and the beginning of the construction of a structure to coordinate the work of volunteers in the field ^[32] . Meetings of supporters of the movement were initiated in many regions of Russia, on the basis of which it is proposed to create a structure of regional branches of the movement ^[33] .

On June 24, supporters of the movement in Astrakhan, with the support of the local administration, conducted a social experiment called Robots Among People to study the possible reaction of society to the appearance of such an unusual object as a humanoid robot. During the experiment, passers-by on the streets helped the robot not to stray from its path and get to the target ^[34] .

Second Global Future 2045 Congress (New York 2013)

On June 15-16, 2013, the Second International Congress “Global Future 2045” was held at the Lincoln Center in New York, which brought together the leaders of world neuroscience and robotics, well-known public and spiritual figures, as well as more than 250 journalists from around the world and was dedicated the Avatar project.

Congressional speakers include futurist, inventor Ray Kurzweil, brain prosthetics technology developer Ted Berger, molecular geneticist George Church, Massachusetts Institute of Technology neuroscientist Ed Boyden, humanoid robot designer David Hanson, android robot creator Hiroshi Ishiguro, founder and head of the X fund Diamandis, Oxford University's largest philanthropist in its history, James Martin and many others.

Congress aroused great interest from foreign media. Large publications such as Huffingtonpost ^[35] , Forbes ^[36] , MIT Technology Review ^[37] , CNN Money ^[38] wrote about the event ^.

Open Letter to UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon

New York, March 12, 2013. 23 participants of the Second International Congress “Global Future 2045” (GF2045) asked the UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon to support the creation of a new evolutionary strategy for humanity and the Avatar project of the Strategic Social Movement “Russia 2045”.

An open letter was signed by GF2045 President Dmitry Itskov and other speakers of the congress - world scientists, entrepreneurs, spiritual leaders, futurologists and philosophers who will meet at the Lincoln Center in New York on June 15-16 at the Global Future 2045 Congress.

“The world is on the verge of global change. Ecological, political, anthropological, economic and other crises are exacerbated. Wars are unleashed, resources are thoughtlessly spent, the planet is polluted. Society is experiencing a crisis of the consumer model of existence, a crisis of goals and values. Большинство национальных лидеров озабочены лишь краткосрочной внутренней стабильностью в своих странах и не уделяют должного внимания проблемам будущего цивилизации».

В письме участники конгресса GF2045 обращают внимание Генерального секретаря на то, что для перехода на более высокий этап развития цивилизации жизненно необходима научно-техническая революция и значительные духовные преобразования, которые будут находиться в неразрывной взаимосвязи, поддерживая и дополняя друг друга.

В основу научно-технической революции могут лечь прорывные аватар-технологии, ключевыми составляющими которых являются: разработка антропоморфных роботов, систем дистанционного управления и интерфейсов «мозг — компьютер», создание системы жизнеобеспечения мозга на базе искусственного тела, изучение основных принципов работы мозга человека, разработка его функциональной модели и поиск методов протезирования отделов мозга, создание полного искусственного аналога мозга, исследование сознания человека и изучение перспектив его дальнейшего воплощения в небиологическом субстрате.

Письмо Пан Ги Муну подписали: Дмитрий Ицков, Рэймонд Курцвейл, Джеймс Мартин, Теодор Бергер, Питер Диамандис, Роберт Турман, Амит Госвами, Дэвид Хэнсон, Александр Каплан, Бен Герцель , Наташа Вита-Мор, Рэндал Куне, Андерс Сандберг, Стюарт Хамерофф, Кен Хейворт, Давид Дубровский, Виталий Дунин-Барковский, Александр Панов, Уильям Бушелл, Лазар Пухало, Свами Вишнудевананда Гири Джи Махарадж, Алан Брилл, Найджел Экланд.

В мае 2011 года российские СМИ обошла информация о видеообращении голливудского киноактёра Стивена Сигала к премьеру Владимиру Путину , в котором он предложил главе Правительства РФ встретиться и обсудить детали проекта «Россия-2045» ^[39] .

В июле-сентябре того же года интернет-телеканал « Нейромир-ТВ » посвятил проекту 7 своих передач .

1 октября 2011 года в газете The New York Times проскочило ошибочное утверждение о личном интересе В. Путина к идее бессмертия, по поводу чего Ицков выступил с опровержением, опубликованным агентством Reuters ^[40] .

Обращение к участникам списка Forbes

В начале июля 2012 года Дмитрий Ицков от имени движения обратился к миллиардерам-участникам списка Forbes The World's Billionaires List с призывом подарить людям вечную жизнь, профинансировав исследования в области кибернетического бессмертия и искусственного тела, проводимые под эгидой движения.

Обращение было широко распространено СМИ (публикации в «Утро. Ru» ^[41] , CNews ^[42] , Правде. Ру ^[43] ), в том числе, после перепечатки в Daily Mail ^[44] , в западной прессе (публикации в Forbes ^[45] , Popular Science ^[46] , La Stampa ^[47] и др. ^{[48] [49] [50] [51] [52]} ).

Дмитрий Ицков на страницах The New York Times

В преддверии второго конгресса «Глобальное будущее 2045» в Нью-Йорке основатель Движения «Россия 2045» и президент конгресса Дмитрий Ицков стал героем газеты The New York Times, попав на обложку секции бизнес её воскресного номера ^[53] .

Некоторые ученые относятся к идеям движения настороженно, в первую очередь к его этической компоненте. Помимо вышеупомянутой Комиссии по борьбе с лженаукой, критически высказались о движении руководитель Института синергийной антропологии при Высшей школе экономики Сергей Хоружий , завкафедрой биомедицинской этики Российского государственного медицинского университета Ирина Силуянова , философ Пиама Гайденко ^[54] .

В то же время ряд известных в мире персон поддержал движение. В дополнение к С. Сигалу , о поддержке проекта «Аватар» заявил Далай-лама XIV ^[10] .

Согласно проведённому Левада-Центром 20-23 января 2012 года опросу, 45 % россиян поддержали бы общественное движение, выступающее за радикальное продление жизни ^[55] . После обращения Ицкова к участникам списка Forbes на сайте одного из телеканалов канадской CBC проводился опрос, в ходе которого 53 % участников выбрали ответ, что хотели бы получить бессмертие при помощи кибернетических технологий ^[56] .

Пожалуй, наиболее курьёзной является реакция эксперта американского телеканала Scrap TV доктора Говарда По, который убеждён, что созданный в России киборг будет коммунистом , помешанным на убийстве детей ^[57] .

В то же время среди участников проекта «Аватар» такие известные ученые, как профессор МГУ Александр Каплан, создатель первой в России лаборатории по нейроинтерфейсам, Давид Дубровский, профессор, сопредседатель Научного совета РАН по искусственному интеллекту, Теодор Бергер, создатель технологии протезирования мозга в Университете Южной Калифорнии, Эд Бойден, профессор Mассачусетского технологического института, Рэймонд Курцвейл, директор по техническим разработкам корпорации Google, Стюарт Хамерофф, профессор Университета Аризоны, Хироси Исигуро, директор центра робототехники в Осаке.

• Official website of the movement (Russian)
• Official website of the International Congress “Global Future 2045” (Russian)
• The project "Immortality 2045". Russian experience (rus.)
• Overview. Second International Congress "Global Future 2045", New York-2013 (rus.)

• Transhumanism
• Immortalism
• Futurology
• Technological singularity
• Trans man