The collapse [1] is a small salt lake , caused by the natural flooding of a salt mine, located on the south-eastern outskirts of the city of Sol-Iletsk, Orenburg Region . Lake Razval belongs to the group of lakes of the Iletsk rock salt field , which also includes the lakes: Tuzluchnoye , Hungry Voronki , Dunino , Novoe , Maloye Gorodskoe and Big Gorodskoe [4] [2] .
| Lake | |
| Collapse | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Morphometry | |
| Absolute height | 114 [1] m |
| Dimensions | 0.3 [2] × 0.240 [2] km |
| Square | 0.068 [2] km² |
| Deepest | 22 [2] m |
| Hydrology | |
| Mineralization type | salt (sodium chloride) [3] |
| Salinity | 333 grams / l [4] |
| Location | |
| A country |
|
| The subject of the Russian Federation | Orenburg region |
| Area | Sol-Iletsk urban district |
Content
Title
The toponym comes from the old Russian word collapse - “a pit in the irregular development of ores, rock salt” [5] .
History
In the place where the Lake Razval is now located, there used to be Mount Tuz-Tube (in Kazakh “Salt Mountain”), which was the site of the Iletsk salt dome on the earth's surface. In 1754, its industrial development began, and by the end of the 19th century, an open-pit mine with a depth of up to 35 meters, a length of 300, and a width of 240 meters grew on the site of the mountain. In April 1906, the flood waters of the River Peschanka flooded the quarry, forming Lake Camber, covering an area of 6.8 hectares with a maximum depth of 22 meters. In 1979, groundwater washed away the eastern slope of the lake basin and brine poured from it into the underground cavity, which eventually led to the disappearance of the lake, but by the mid-1980s it had almost completely recovered [2] .
Hydrochemistry
The water in Lake Sol-Iletsk is a saturated brine, the salt concentration of which exceeds 200 grams per liter of water. Such a high salinity prevents the formation of ice cover even in the most severe frosts, and at the same time allows the summer surface to significantly warm up to the surface layer of water, but, starting from a depth of 2-3 m, the temperature throughout the year has negative values [2] . The concentration of salt in the lake water The collapse is similar to the water in the Dead Sea . There are no living organisms in the lake and no vegetation [6] [7] . During the spring flood, there is a rapid decrease in the salinity of the lake waters (up to about 200 g / l), but with the onset of low water the mineralization gradually increases and reaches a maximum (≈330 g / l) by the autumn [4] .
In 2005, a study was carried out on the surface layer of Lake Disorder, as a result of which it was determined that the composition of brine has a stable chemical composition with a predominance of sodium chlorides , whose concentration fluctuates in a small range: chlorine ion 178-180 g / dm³, sodium 114— 116 g / dm³; a small presence of sulfates (2–4 g / dm³) and calcium (1–2 g / dm³), as well as an increased bromine content (55–80 mg / dm³) were revealed [3] .
Value
Lake Camber is one of the most interesting sights of the city of Sol-Iletsk, and the medicinal properties of its waters and mud are known far beyond the region. On February 2, 2010, the Decision was made to create a therapeutic and recreational area of local importance on the territory of the lakes of the Iletskoye rock salt deposit with a total area of 62 hectares [4] .
Guard
On May 21, 1998, a geological and hydrological nature monument of regional significance with an area of 10 hectares was formed on the basis of the lake, but at the moment Camber has lost this status [8] [4] .
Symbols
Light rhombuses on the flag and the emblem of Sol-Iletsk symbolize the salt-saturated waters of Lake Razval [4] .
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Map sheet M-40-27-B-a - FSUE “GOSGISTSENTR”
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 A. A. Chibilyov . 10.7. Lake Disorder // Nature of the Orenburg region . - Orenburg, 1995. - T. I.
- ↑ 1 2 Abdrakhmanov A.R. Salt lakes of the resort “Sol-Iletsk”. - 3rd ed., Ext. .. - Orenburg: Soyuz, 2008. - 191 p. - ISBN 978-5-903987-01-6 .
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 General Plan of the Municipal Formation City Settlement City Sol-Iletsk Sol-Iletsky District, Orenburg Region. Justification materials. - Orsk, 2012. - T. 1.1.
- ↑ S. M. Strelnikov. Geographic names of the Orenburg region. - Ed. 2nd, corrected. and additional .. - Kuvandyk: S. Strelnikov Publishing House, 2002.
- ↑ Sol-Iletsk and Lake Camber . nashural.ru. The appeal date is April 25, 2016.
- ↑ History of appearance and properties of water
- ↑ Lake Disorder . - Information on PAs on the website of the Information and Analytical System “Specially Protected Natural Territories of Russia” (IAS “SPAs of the RF”): oopt.aari.ru.