Transcaucasian Commissariat

• E.P. Gegechkori - Chairman and Commissioner for the Ministry of Labor and Foreign Affairs, Menshevik
• A. I. Chkhenkeli - Commissar of the Interior, Menshevik
• D. D. Donskoy - commissar of the military and naval, SR
• H. O. Karchikyan - Commissioner of Finance, Dashnaktsutyun
• F.-H. Khoysky - Commissar of Public Education, Musavat
• Sh. V. Alekseev-Meskhiev - Commissioner of Justice, Social-Federalist
• M. Yu. Jafarov - Commissioner of Trade and Industry, Musavat
• H. A. Melik-Aslanov - Commissar of Railways, Musavat
• A. V. Neruchev - Commissioner of Agriculture and State Property and Religions, Social Revolutionary
• G. Ter-Ghazaryan - Food Commissioner, “ Dashnaktsutyun ”
• A. I. Ohanjanyan - Commissioner of Charity, “ Dashnaktsutyun ”
• H. Khasmamedov - Commissioner of Control, Musavat ^{[1] [2]}

In relation to Soviet Russia, the Transcaucasian Commissariat took an openly hostile position, supporting all the anti-Bolshevik forces of the North Caucasus - in the Kuban , Don , Terek and Dagestan in a joint struggle against Soviet power and its supporters in Transcaucasia. Relying on national armed forces, the Transcaucasian Commissariat extended its power to all of Transcaucasia , except for the Baku region, where Soviet power was established .

The decision to create an "Independent Government of the Transcaucasus" was made on November 11 (24), 1917 at a meeting on the organization of local power in the Caucasus in connection with the October Revolution . The meeting was attended by representatives of all political parties, the Regional and Tiflis Soviets, the Special Transcaucasian Committee , the commander of the Caucasus Front , and consuls of the Entente . The meeting refused to recognize the power of the Council of People's Commissars of Soviet Russia . Representatives of the Bolshevik party, who turned out to be in the minority at the meeting, announced the declaration condemning the organizers of the meeting and left it.

The declaration of the Transcaucasian Commissariat of November 18 (December 1) stated that it would act "only until the All-Russian Constituent Assembly is convened, and if it is impossible to convene ... until the congress of the Constituent Assembly members from the Transcaucasus and the Caucasus Front ".

On January 5 (18), 1918, a Constituent Assembly was convened in Petrograd, most of which were representatives of the Mensheviks and Socialist Revolutionaries. Deputies refused to recognize Soviet power and the decrees of the II All-Russian Congress of Soviets. In response to this, the Bolsheviks dispersed the Constituent Assembly.

On January 12 (25), 1918, the Transcaucasian Commissariat, having discussed the political situation, decided to convene the Transcaucasian Sejm as the legislative body of Transcaucasia.

On February 10 (23), 1918, the first sitting of the Sejm was held in Tiflis. On the day of its opening, the regional and Tiflis committees of the RSDLP (b) organized a protest rally, which was shot on the orders of the Transcaucasian Commissariat. This was a kind of signal for the beginning of repressions against the Bolsheviks, who, on the other hand, launched massive propaganda and agitation work, especially among the peasants.

Dissatisfaction of the peasants with the unresolved land issue led to armed uprisings in the spring of 1918 in Lechkhumi , Megrelia , Dusheti , Abkhazia , Shida Kartli . In April 1918, Soviet power was established in Sukhumi , and then throughout Abkhazia, with the exception of the Kodori Gorge , where the rebellion was crushed by regular troops and the People’s Guard. In March 1918, a rebellion broke out and a riot in the Tskhinvali region was also suppressed.

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  Bona Ruble Transcaucasian Commissariat 1918

• Special Transcaucasian Committee
• Transcaucasian Diet
• Transcaucasian Democratic Federal Republic

• Avtandil Menteshashvili. From the history of relations between the Georgian Democratic Republic and Soviet Russia and the Entente. 1918-1921
• Eduard Hovhannisyan. Century of struggle. Munich, 1991