Oldsey Temur Khan

After the death of his elder brother Gong Temur Khan, Punyashri fled from Mongolia to the possession of the Central Asian emir Tamerlan , who ordered his governors to accept him with honors. In Samarkand, the Mongol prince Punyashri lived at the court of Tamerlane and converted to Islam . In 1403, Punyashri proclaimed himself the khan of the Mongol Empire in Beshbalyk and continued the struggle against the Oirat tribes, whose leader Ugechi seized the Mongol throne under the name Orug Temur Khan . Most of the Mongol taishas , dissatisfied with the autocracy of the Oirats , recognized the supreme power of Oldzey Temur Khan. Argutay , the de facto ruler of eastern Mongolia, was appointed Oldsey Tamuro Khan Chingsang (Grand Chancellor). Oldzey Temur Khan reinstated the title of Emperor of the Yuan Dynasty . Under the banner of Oldsey-Temur, the majority of Mongolian noyons were solidified. During the reign in China of Yongle , the Ming Empire tried to suppress any kind of strong khans, provoking a further escalation of the Oirat-Mongol conflict. In 1403, Oldzey Temur Khan defeated the Battle of Orug Temur Khan . In 1408, Oldzey Temur Khan was elevated to the Mongol khan’s throne by the East Mongol taisha Argutai. In 1409, on the orders of Khan Oldzey Temur Khan, the Chinese ambassador was executed. In response, the Chinese emperor Zhu Di (Yongle) entered into a military alliance with the Oirats (Western Mongols). In the same 1409, the Oirat army led by Taisha Mahamu defeated the army of Khan Oldzey Temur Khan and Taisha Argutai. The eastern Mongols were pushed over the Kerulen River .

In 1409, the Minsk emperor Zhu Di organized a large military campaign in Mongolia . One hundred thousandth Chinese army under the command of Qiu Fu invaded the Mongolian steppes. On the Kerulen River, the Chinese were completely surrounded by the Mongols. Oldzey-Temur and Argutay defeated the Minsk army, which was completely defeated. Almost all Chinese military leaders died. In the spring of 1410, the Minsk Emperor Yongle personally decided to lead the Chinese army in a new punitive campaign against the Mongols. A huge (500,000th) Chinese army led by Emperor Yunle entered the Mongolian steppes. Meanwhile, Khan Oldzey Temur Khan quarreled with his main commander Argutai. Oldzey Temur Khan and Argutai shared their forces. Zhu Di with a huge army moved against the khan and pursued him to the Onon River. In June 1410, on the shores of Onon, the Chinese defeated the eastern Mongols, captured the Khan convoy and cattle. The barely surviving Oldzeit Khan was forced to flee, but was soon defeated under Kerulen , captured and killed by Oirat Taisha Bahama. On the way back, the Chinese emperor Yongle met an army under the command of Taisha Argutay. Argutay refused to conclude a truce and was defeated in the battle. The Oirats, led by Taisha Bahamu (Mahmud), in 1412 elevated Delbeg Khan , the son of Oldzey Temur Khan , to the vacant Mongol khan throne.

• Pokotilov D. History of the Eastern Mongols during the Ming Dynasty 1368-1634 "on the Runiverse website
• Site "Oriental literature". Mongolian sources about Dayan Khan
• The site "Mogultai Lot"