Diamines

Diamines are hydrocarbons in which two hydrogen atoms are substituted by amino groups . Only compounds are stable, both amino groups of which are bonded to different carbon atoms. Diamines are obtained by the reduction of dinitro compounds and cyanogen compounds.

Diamines give salts with two equivalents of acids. The number of diamines found in nature is very small. In addition to putrescine (tetramethylenediamine) and cadaverine (pentamethylenediamine), found in rotting protein substances, only hexamethylenediamine , found during rotting of meat, is known to be tetramethylputrescine , isolated from an Egyptian belena ( Hyoscyamus muticus ), by German rhemethermethyrmethimertimertimertimertimertimertimertimetri . The scarcity of natural diamines is due to the insignificant number of diamino acids included in proteins, which are the material for the formation of diamines by decarboxylation (CO ₂ cleavage); cadaverine is formed from lysine ; putrescine is formed from ornithine , which is part of the arginine molecule.

Various types of bacteria have the ability to decarboxylate diamino acids, both pathogenic and non-pathogenic (the presence of diamines in some varieties of cheese). Characteristic is the formation of diamines under the influence of cultures of tetanus , cholera , vibrio Finkler-Prior'a, you. mesentericus vulgatus, putrefactive bacteria. But some higher plants are able to produce diamines. In some cases, with cystinuria , diamine is excreted in urine and feces. Diamines easily transfer to heterocyclic compounds, which are the simplest alkaloids ( pyrrolidine , piperidine and their homologs). This may explain the formation in plants of some alkaloids from proteins through the stages of diamines. Diamines are relatively few toxic. When the amines found in the body are separated by the method of Kossel and Kutscher, the diamines are found together with lysine , choline and betaines in the lysine fraction, that is, the fraction of substances precipitated with tungsten phosphoric acid and not precipitated with silver nitrate in the presence of caustic barite .

Used to obtain polyamides , polyimides and polyurea .