New York Journal American

Having acquired the rights to the publication, Hurst began the struggle for the readership with New York World , the newspaper of the founder of the Yellow Press and his former mentor Joseph Pulitzer , and also lured the famous cartoonists George MacManus and him Richard Outcolt. In 1913, the authors published in the New York Journal American their well-known comics - “Raising the Father” (“Bringing Up Father”) and “The Yellow Child” (“The Yellow Kid”), respectively. The Yellow Kid was one of the first comic books to be published in color, and spawned the expression “ yellow press ”, which was used to characterize sensational and sometimes fictional articles, which along with a low price (one cent per copy) contributed to a significant increase in the newspaper’s popularity. The newspaper, in addition to comics, was known for reporting murders, accidents in fires, etc., in order to entertain its readers.

Beginning in 1914, the Evening Journal correspondent was well-known in journalistic circles, Nelly Bly , who worked in the newspaper first as a war correspondent (during the First World War), and, returning to the United States, kept her own column until her death in 1922 .

Among others, the cartoonist Rub Goldberg, popular observers D. Kilgalen, A. MacIntyre, J. Cannon worked in the New York Journal American. For 28 years, Max Kasset (1898-1974) ^[1] was the sports editor of the newspaper, and Robin Chandler Duke led the fashion column ^[2]

The newspaper was famous for its many photographs, which became a kind of brand of the publication.

New York Journal American in the 50s could boast of one of the largest circulations in New York, however, at the same time, it experienced difficulties with attracting advertisers ^[3] . Significant attention was paid to publications about the British musical group The Beatles . So, in 1964, the newspaper ordered Joyce Brothers a series of leading articles on the Beatles and the reason for their stellar takeoff and wild popularity. When next year the Liverpool Four worked on filming the film Help! in the Bahamas, the New York Journal American , like other Hearst newspapers, published four consecutive interviews with group members on the front pages.

In addition to problems with advertising on the pages of the newspaper, another important factor that led to the closure of the newspaper was the struggle between Executive Director Richard Berlin and the two sons of Hurst, who, without much success, tried to develop their father’s publishing business, inherited in 1951 . Later, one of his sons, Bill Hurst, claimed that Berlin, already dead at that time, suffered from Alzheimer's disease in the mid-60s, and that, in his opinion, was the reason for his unjustified closure of several editions of Hurst ^{[4 ]} .

The New York Journal American last appeared in April 1966 , formally falling victim to the general decline of the evening press as a result of fierce competition with evening television news.

In 1965, the newspaper’s management, during the lockout and strikes of the New York Times and New York Daily News newspaper collectives, agreed to merge next year with their former competitors, the evening edition of the New York World-Telegram and Sun and the morning edition of the New York Herald -Tribune .

The publication of the newly merged New York World Journal Tribune was delayed for several months after the closure of its three predecessors in April 1966. The delay was due to the need to refine the layout and content of the newspaper. Its first issue was released only in September, but the life of the new newspaper was also short-lived due to the growing popularity of television news in the 1960s. Other publications, which suffered a similar fate, handed over their newspaper clippings and matrices of published photo libraries. However, Hearst Corporation decided to provide only insignificant archival reference materials from the New York Journal American , as well as unpublished photographs and negatives of the University of Texas at Austin ^[5] . Everything else, including internal editorial documents, letters of famous people, newspaper clippings and catalogs were destroyed ^[5] . The newspaper’s numbers were stored on microfilms, and the photo archive is located in the library and archival center of the University of Texas.

Pete Hamill in the book about New York of his youth recalled the New York Journal American mainly in negative tones. In particular, Hamill emphasized the malicious anti-communist stance of the publication during the McCarthy era, which is clearly reflected in the extensive noisy headlines for publications about the dangers of the “red threat”.

• Guide to an Archived Collection of the Journal-American (unavailable link from 08/14/2013 [2230 days] - history , copy )
• Mr. Hearst's Flagship Sank Like the Maine by Stan Fischler for the Village Voice April 28, 1966