1st Guards Mechanized Corps

The 1st Guards Mechanized Corps began its formation on the orders of the NKO No. 00220 of October 22, 1942 on the basis of the 1st Guards Rifle Division . The corps was formed in the area of Atkarsk - Tatishchevo in the Volga Military District from November 1 to 10, 1942. It consisted of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd Guards Mechanized Brigade, the 16th and 17th Guards Tank Regiments, the 116th Guards Artillery Regiment, and other units.

On December 17, 1942, a corps as part of the troops of the 3rd Guards Army of the Southwestern Front participated in breaking through the defensive zone of the German troops in the area of ​​the middle Don river near the village of Astakhov . After breaking through the tactical defense zone, the main forces of the corps rushed to the resulting breach with the task of developing the offensive. In these battles, the 17th Guards Tank Regiment, whose commander of the guard, Lieutenant-Colonel TS Zolotin , skillfully organized a detour of the departing enemy and ambush in the way of his retreat, was especially distinguished. Using the factor of surprise , the regiment with fire and rapid attack destroyed the numerically superior forces of the German troops. For this feat, TS Pozolotin was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union, and many officers, sergeants and soldiers were awarded orders and medals.

Tank column "Voronezh collective farmer"

At the end of April 1943, 8 T-34s from the Voronezh Kolkhoznik tank column were included in the corps. The Voronezh grain growers acquired a column of eight combat vehicles with personal savings. Among the members of the delegation were the initiators of the collection of funds for the tank column: the collective farmers of the village of Manino, Kalacheevsky District, E. F. Kramarev and M. I. Beloglyadova. Each of them acquired a tank for his money. On the towers of two cars were the inscriptions: "Kramarev Erast Fedorovich" and "Beloglyadova Marfa Ivanovna." When tanks were assigned to subunits, E. F. Kramareva's car was presented to the crew of the guard, Lieutenant Lysenko. The combat vehicle acquired at the expense of Marfa Ivanovna Beloglyadova was presented to the crew of the commander of the 2nd Tank Company of the 2nd Guards. mechanized brigade to senior lieutenant M. V. Vlasenko. ^[2]

In January — February and in the summer of 1943, corps units of the Southwestern Front acted in the Donbass , and in the fall of 1943 they fought offensive in the Zaporozhye sector, during which they participated in the liberation of the city of Zaporozhye (October 14, 1943). As a result of the battles, the corps suffered heavy losses, was withdrawn to the reserve of the Supreme Command Headquarters (November 10, 1943) and sent to the Kharkov Tank Military Camp for retrofitting. As part of the Kharkov Military District, the corps was located until the end of November 1944, engaged in combat training.

After more than a year's absence from the Army , on December 8, 1944, a corps as part of the troops of the 3rd Ukrainian Front was brought into battle southwest of Budapest . In the battles to defeat the enemy's Budapest grouping, it showed itself well, while repelling the German counter-offensive in the area of ​​Lake Balaton (March 9 - 13, 1945) was under the operational control of the 27th army. For the exemplary performance of the tasks of command in mastering the city of Budapest, the corps was awarded the Order of Kutuzov of the 2nd degree (April 5, 1945).

In the battles for Vienna (March 16 - April 15, 1945) for the first time the corps had to fight in the conditions of a heavily fortified large European city. In retreating, the enemy blew up all the bridges across the Danube , except for one, along which its rearguard units were withdrawn. The bridge was mined. The scouts and sappers of the 2nd Guards Mechanized Corps Brigade were instructed to save this single ferry. For the exemplary accomplishment of this task, the rank-and-file N. D. Borisov, A. M. Zolkin, G. M. Moskalchuk, senior sergeants A. M. Kulnev and M. O. Lastovsky , foreman F. I. Minin were awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union .

For differences in the battles for Vienna corps was given the honorary name of Vienna (May 17, 1945). The fighting corps ended with participation in the Grazko-Amstetten offensive in the foothills of the Austrian Alps .

In July 1945, the 1st Guards Mechanized Corps was transformed into the 1st Guards Mechanized Division .

In 1957, the 1st Guards Mechanized Division was reorganized into the 2nd Guards Motorized Rifle Division (military unit 35695) ^[3] , from May 4, 1962 - the 2nd Guards Motorized Rifle Division, from November 17, 1964 - the 16th Guards Training Motorized Rifle Division, on November 3, 1967, the division returned the number of its predecessor - the 100th Guards Training Motorized Rifle Division ^[3] .

As part of the active army

As part of the army :

• from 11/05/1942 to 11/08/1943
• from 12/22/1944 to 05/09/1945 - was in the 3rd Ukrainian Front and operational subordination of the 4th Guards , 27th Combined Arms .

1st Guards Mechanized Vienna Orders of Lenin and Kutuzov Corps

• 1st Guards Mechanized Vienna Red Banner Order of Suvorov Brigade
  • 18th Guards Tank Regiment
• 2nd Guards Mechanized Orders of Suvorov, Kutuzov Brigade
  • 19th Guards Tank Regiment
• 3rd Guards Mechanized Order of Lenin Brigade
  • 20th Guards Tank Regiment
• 17th Separate Guards Tank Regiment (until July 1943) ^[4]
• 16th Separate Guards Tank Regiment (until September 1943) ^[4]
• 9th Guards Tank Zaporizhia Order of Suvorov Brigade (from August 1, 1943) ^[4]
• 382nd Guards self-propelled artillery of the Order of the Suvorov Regiment
• The 1821st Prague Self-Propelled Artillery Order of the Suvorov Regiment
• 1453rd Riga Self-Propelled Artillery Order of the Suvorov Regiment
• 116th Artillery Regiment (at first it was not, since January 1943) ^[4]
• 267th Mortar Regiment
• The 52nd Separate Guards Anti-Tank Division (from January to June 1943) ^[4]
• 1504th Guards anti-tank regiment (from June 1943) ^[4]
• The 1699th anti-aircraft artillery order of the Kutuzov regiment , since August 1943. ^[4]
• 377th Guards Heavy Self-Propelled Artillery Regiment, since August 1943 ^[5]
• The 407th Separate Guards Mortar Division M-13, since January 1943 ^[4]
• Battery control chief of artillery
• 11th Separate Guards Motorcycle Order of Alexander Nevsky Battalion, from June 1943 ^[4]
• 60th Separate Guards Machine Gun Battalion
• Guards Training Battalion

Body parts:

• 75th Separate Guards Communication Battalion
• 54th Separate Guards Sapper Battalion
• 40th Separate Repair and Repair Battalion (01/19/1945 - Reformed into the 551st ATGM and the 552rd PARB)
• 551st field tank repair base, since 01/19/1945
• 552nd field vehicle repair base, from 01/19/1945
• 51st Separate Guards Company of Chemical Defense
• 3rd separate motor transportation company for fuel and lubricants supply, since 08.02.1944 - the 114th separate motor transportation company for fuel supplies, since 20.04.1945 - 809th separate motor transportation company for fuel and lubricants
• Aviation Link, 07/07/1943
• 4th Field Dairy Plant
• 1237th field ticket office of the State Bank
• 2343rd Military Post Station

Corps Commander

• Guards Major General , Guards Lieutenant-General Russiyanov, Ivan Nikitich (from 02.11.1942 to 09.05.1945)
• Major General of Tank Forces Denisov, Sergei Ivanovich (from 12/19/1942 to 04/29/1943)

Chiefs of Staff Corps

• Guard Colonel Kusenny, Alexey Avksentyevich (from 02.11.1942 to November 1943);
• Guard Colonel Krislavsky, Mikhail Mendelevich (from November 1943 to April 1945)

Political Deputy Commanders

• Guards Regimental Commissar , Guards Colonel Filashkin, Kirill Ivanovich (from 10.22.1942 to 03.18.1944 );
• Guard Colonel Gavrilov, Alexei Mikhailovich (from 03/18/1944 to 09/20/1945)

Thousands of soldiers of the corps were awarded orders and medals, more than 20 of them were awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union.

• A. A. Grechko. "Vienna Mechanized Corps" // Soviet Military Encyclopedia. - Moscow: Military Publishing, 1976. - T. 2. - p. 97. - 640 p. - 106 000 copies
• Feskov V.I., Golikov V.I., Kalashnikov K.A., Slugin S.A. Ground Forces // USSR Armed Forces after the Second World War from the Red Army to the Soviet. - 1st. - Tomsk: NTL, 2013. - 640 p. - ISBN 978-5-89503-530-6 .

• 1st Guards Mechanized Corps.
• I.N. Russiyanov "In battle, born of" Voenizdat Min. Defense, Moscow 1982, 255 pages
• A. P. Kuzmichyov "South-West" Voenizdat Min. Defense, Moscow 1962, 655 pages
• Tank column "Voronezh collective farmer"
• The memory of the people :: Fighting way 1 gv. mehd (Neopr.) . pamyat-naroda.ru. The appeal date is June 1, 2019.