Rozhankovsky Fedor Stepanovich [2] ( eng. Feodor Rojankovsky ; December 24 (old style December 12) 1891, Mitawa, Courland Province, Russian Empire (now Jelgava , Latvia ) - October 12, 1970, , New York , USA ) - Russian graphic artist , illustrator [3] [4] . In France, Rozhankovsky is also known under the mononym Rojan.
| Fedor Stepanovich Rozhankovsky | |
|---|---|
| Date of Birth | December 12 (24), 1891 |
| Place of Birth | Mitava , Russian Empire |
| Date of death | October 12, 1970 (78 years old) |
| Place of death | Bronxville , New York , USA |
| A country | |
| Study | |
| Awards | Caldecott Medal |
Biography [5]
[6] Rozhankovsky was born into a large family of the director of the Revel Alexander School, Stepan Fedorovich Rozhankovsky, a native of Galicia (then the Austro-Hungarian Empire ). The family moved a lot in connection with the work of his father, so the childhood of the future artist was spent in Reval (now Tallinn , Estonia ) and St. Petersburg [7] . After graduating from high school in Revel, Rozhankovsky entered the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture , one of the most prestigious art schools at that time. Among his teachers were such major artists as Konstantin Korovin and Apollinarius Vasnetsov . In August 1914, he was called up to the front in connection with the outbreak of the First World War . In 1915, recovering from a wound in a St. Petersburg hospital, Rozhankovsky began to make the first sketches of scenes from military life. After the war ended, Rozhankovsky ended up in Lviv (then part of Poland ), left for Poznan around 1920, where for some time he worked as a chief artist in the publishing house of Rudolf Wegner (he painted cartoons, posters, brochures, illustrated books, and designed magazine covers).
Paris
In 1925, Rozhankovsky moved to Paris . In the first year of his stay in the French capital, there was almost no work for him, but somehow on the street the artist met his old acquaintance Sasha Cherny , who invited him to illustrate his book - this is how Living Alphabet appeared (1926). This was followed by "The Diary of Fox Mickey" (1927) and "Cat Sanatorium" (1928) also based on the works of Sasha Cherny, whose illustrations clearly show the features of Rozhankovsky's style: linearity, minimalism, a humorous approach.
A milestone in the career of Rozhankovsky was published in 1931 by the publishing house Esther Averill and Laila Stanley "The Domino Press" book "Daniel Boone. The famous adventures of an American hunter among the Indians "(" Daniel Boone: Historic Adventures of an American Hunter among the Indians ") about the legendary American hunter of the time of the War of Independence of the USA Daniel Bune . Colorful drawings using just a few colors immediately made the book incredibly popular. Bold illustrations based on a clash of bright colors were unusual for a French children's book of the time. Another innovation Rozhankovsky, ensuring the success of the book, was the original placement of drawings and text. The next major event in the work and career of Rozhankovsky, and in the history of French children's illustration was the now famous series " Albums of Daddy Beaver, " which in 1931 the publishing house Flammarion began to print. In total, Rozhankovsky illustrated 27 books, the 8 best of them belong to the small series “Le roman de bêtes” (“The History of Animals”) [8] . Among the most significant books in the series “Beaver’s dads” are Mishka (Michka, 1941). In The Bear, author M. Colmon makes the main character a toy bear, whom he calls the familiar diminutive Russian name of all fabulous bears.
In addition to illustrating children's books, Rozhankovsky worked in other directions (he painted landscapes, portraits, sketches of female figures, was engaged in advertising and satirical illustrations for Parisian magazines). Since the XVIII century. in France there is a tradition of publishing erotic literature with erotic illustrations. In the 1930s in Paris, many artists, including emigrant artists, earned a living from this. Rozhankovskiy illustrated half a dozen editions of classic and new French erotic works such as Raymond Radiguet 's Vers libres (1926), Pierre Luis 's Erotic Poems (1937), Pierre Jean de Beranger 's Gallant Songs, and the Courtesy Textbook for Girls from private boarding house "(1926), a series of 30 drawings entitled" Spring Idylls "(" Idylle printanière ", 1936) and others.
In Paris, Rozhankovsky spoke with artists from the Russian emigrant community, for example, Nikolai Evreinov , Alexei Remizov , Mstislav Dobuzhinsky , Mark Slonim , Ivan Bilibin .
New York
In the summer of 1940, Paris was occupied by Nazi Germany, Rozhankovsky was forced to move to the United States. He went to New York at the invitation of the French publisher Georges Duplet, who was looking for an artist for the series Little Golden Books he had just developed, together with Simon and Schuster . Rozhankovsky was well known in New York for a long time - his “Daniel Boone” and 10 books from the series “Dad Beaver” were translated and published in America in the 1930s. Almost immediately, success awaited him; criticism invariably praised his work. The first books in the USA were “The Tales of Mother Goose ” (“The Tall Book of Mother Goose”, 1942), 4 books with R. Kipling 's stories “ Fairy Tales ” (“The Just-So Stories”, 1942) and “Book of Fairy Tales” "(" The Tall Book of Nursery Tales ", 1944). Rozhankovsky’s main American project was the Little Golden Books series, on which the artist worked for a total of about 30 years and illustrated more than one book in this series: Animal Stories (Animal Stories, 1944), Gaston and Josephine ("Gaston and Josephine", 1948), "Three Bears" ("The Three Bears", 1948), "Cat Stories" ("Cat Stories", 1953), "Dog Stories" ("Dog Stories", 1953), Rozhankovsky’s Alphabet (F. Rojankovsky's ABC, 1970) and others. The success of the Little Golden Books series is primarily based on Rozhankovsky’s illustrations, he was one of the most talented illustrators who worked on hell with this series. In 1955, a book appeared that won the Caldecott Medal the following year), which is annually awarded for the best children's book with illustrations, “The Frog Matching ” by John Langstaff . Rozhankovsky is the only Russian-speaking artist-laureate of this prestigious American award.
Rozhankovsky never forgot his roots, he very actively involved Russian folklore in his works - in images, symbols, color schemes - even when history itself had no Russian roots. In the 1960s more than once came on tourist trips to the USSR , from which he invariably brought impressions of the novelties of Soviet children's illustrations [9] . In 1968, Rozhankovsky received American citizenship, two years later, on October 12, 1970, after a long illness, the artist died in his house in Bronxville. Fedor Stepanovich Rozhankovsky was buried at the Wudlon Cemetery , in the Bronx , New York.
Books designed by F.S. Rozhankovsky abroad [10]
- Magazines " Lukomorye " and "The Sun of Russia ", 1915-1917 (covers and illustrations)
- Black, S. Live alphabet / drawings by F. Rozhankovsky. - Paris: Edition of t. Va “N.P. Karbasnikov ", 1926.
- "Courtesy textbook for girls from a private boarding house", 1926
- Illustrated Russia Magazine, 1926 (covers and illustrations)
- Radiguet, R. Vers libres. - Champigny, [1926].
- Black, S. Fox Mickey's diary / drawings by F. Rozhankovsky. - Paris: Author's edition, 1927.
- Don Aminado. Throwing a cloak: A collection of lyrical satire. - Paris: Neskuchny Garden, 1928.
- Black, S. Cat's sanatorium / drawings by F. Rozhankovsky. - Paris: Author's edition, 1928.
- Russian land: an almanac for youth (to the day of Russian culture) / ed. A.M. Cherny and V.V. Zenkovsky; reg. according to fig. F. Rozhankovsky. - Paris: Edition of the Religious Teaching Room: YMCA-Press, 1928.
- Le Rire Weekly, 1930–1932 (covers and illustrations)
- Boone, D. Les aventures d'un chasseur américain parmi les Peaux-Rouges / lithographies en couleurs par Fedor Rojankovsky. - Paris: Domino Press, 1931.
- Le Théâtre érotique de la rue de la Santé. - [S. l.], 1932.
- Averill, E., Stanley, L. Powder: The story of a colt, a duchess and the circus / illustrated by Fedor Rojankovsky. - Paris: Domino Press, 1933.
- Rojan. Idylle printanière. - Paris: Henri Pasquinelli, 1933.
- Averill, Esther. Éclair: Histoire d'un cheval, d'un chien de carrosse et des Bohémiens / illustrations de F. Rojankovsky; traduit par Jacqueline André. - Paris: libr. Fischbacher, 1934.
- Averill, E. Flash: The story of a horse, a coach-dog and the gypsies / illustrated by F. Rojankovsky. - Paris: Domino Press, 1934.
- Examen de Flora. - Paris, [1935].
- R. Radige, "Vers libres", 1935
- Louÿs, P. Poésies érotiques. - Rome [Paris?], 1937.
- Béranger. Chansons galantes / ornées de 16 aquarelles par Rojan. - Paris: Éditions de la Belle Etoile, [1937].
- Mariotti, J. Les contes de Poindi / illustrés par F. Rojankovsky. - Paris: Delamain et Boutelleau, 1941.
- “Tales of Mother Goose” (“Tall Book of Mother Goose”), 1942
- R. Kipling, “Just-So Stories” (1942)
- The Book of Fairy Tales (Tall Book of Nursery Tales), 1944
- J. Duplet, “Gaston and Josephine” (“Gaston and Josephine”, series “Little Golden Books”), 1948
- Les trois ours / images de F. Rojankovsky. - Paris: Éditions Cocorico, 1949.
- Nast, ER Notre ami chien / images de Féodor Rojankovsky. - Paris: Éditions Cocorico, 1949.
- Duplaix, G. Gaston et Joséphine / dessins de F. Rojankovsky. - Paris: Éditions Cocorico, 1950.
- Werner, J. Notre ami chien / par Elsa Ruth Nast; images de Feodor Rojankovsky. - Paris: Éditions Cocorico, 1950.
- Le Grand livre des animaux / illustrations de Feodor Rojankovsky. - Paris: Éditions Cocorico, 1951.
- Jackson, K., Jackson, B. Le Grand élephant / illustrations de Feodor Rojankovsky. - Paris: Éditions Cocorico, 1952.
- M. Prishvin , “The Treasure of the Sun” (“The Treasure Trove of the Sun”), 1952
- Le Petit Poucet / illustrations de Feodor Rojankovsky. - Paris: Éditions Cocorico, 1953.
- E. Coatesworth , Le grand livre des chiens / illustrations de Feodor Rojankovsky. - Paris: Éditions Cocorico, 1954.
- Le Grand livre des chats / illustrations de Féodor Rojankovsky. - Paris: Éditions des Deux coqs d'or, 1954.
- Kodryanskaya, N.V. , Globe man / illustrations by Fyodor Rozhankovsky. - [Paris: Publication of the author, 1954].
- Nina. L'escapade du petit chat / illustrations de Féodor Rojankovsky. - Paris: Éditions des Deux coqs d'or, 1954.
- Choix de textes de l'Ancien Testament / par E.-J. Werner; illustrations de F. Rojankovsky. - Paris: Éditions des Deux coqs d'or, 1955.
- Les Trois ours / illustrations de F. Rojankovsky. - Paris: Éditions Cocorico, 1955.
- D. Koch, “I Play at the Beach”, 1955
- J. Langstaff, “The Frog Marries” (“Frog Went A-Courtin '”), 1955
- Perrault, Ch. Le Petit chaperon rouge / illustré par Féodor Rojankovsky. - [Paris]: Éditions des Deux coqs d'or, 1957.
- Duplaix, L. Le petit lapin au nez magique / illustrations de F. Rojankovsky. - Paris: Éditions des Deux coqs d'or, 1958.
- Purcell, JW Bébés animaux sauvages / illustrations de F. Rojankovsky. - Paris: Éditions des Deux coqs d'or, 1958.
- Daly, KN Bébés animaux sauvages / illustrations de F. Rojankovsky. - Paris: Éditions des Deux coqs d'or, 1959.
- Lockwood, H. Nos oiseaux / par H. Lockwood; illustrations de F. Rojankovsky. - Paris: Éditions des Deux coqs d'or, 1959.
- Watson, JW Notre ami chien / images de Feodor Rojankovsky. - Paris: Éditions des Deux coqs d'or, 1959.
- E. Rand, The Little River, 1959
- D. Varley, The Whirly Bird, 1961
- Buell, Ellen Lewis. Le Trésor des "Petits livres d'or" / couverture et gardes de F. Rojankovsky. - [Paris]: Éditions des Deux coqs d'or, 1961.
- Defoe, D. Robinson Crusoé / Adaptation d'Anne Terry White et Anne-Marie Comert; illustrations de Feodor Rojankovsky. - [Paris]: Éditions des Deux coqs d'or, 1961.
- Les animaux et leurs petits / Images de Feodor Rojankovsky. - Paris: Éditions des Deux coqs d'or, 1961.
- Coatsworth, EJ Le grand livre des chiens / illustrations de Feodor Rojankovsky. - Paris: Éditions OZ, 1962.
- Douze contes merveilleux / illustrations de Feodor Rojankovsky. - [Paris]: Éditions des Deux coqs d'or, 1962.
- Le grand livre des animaux en liberté / illustrations de Feodor Rojankovsky. - Paris: Éditions OZ, 1962.
- Le grand livre des chats / illustrations de Feodor Rojankovsky. - Paris: Éditions OZ, 1962.
- F. Rozhankovsky, “Animals in the Zoo” (“Animals in the Zoo”), 1962
- E.L. Fisher , Cricket in a Thicket (1963)
- Memling, C. 10 animaux tout-petits / illustrations de F. Rojankovsky. - Paris: Éditions des Deux coqs d'or, 1963.
- Krinsley, J. Là-haut sur la montagne / illustré par F. Rojankovsky. - Paris: Éditions des Deux coqs d'or, 1964.
- Histoires à la douzaine / par B. et L. Untermeyer; images de E. Orton Jones, H. Knight, R. Scarry, F. Rojankovsky [etc.] - Paris: Editions des Deux coqs d'or, 1965.
- Defoe, D. Robinson Crusoë / adaptation d'Anne-Marie Comert; illustrations de F. Rojankovsky. - Paris: Éditions des Deux coqs d'or, 1965.
- Duplaix, G. (pseud. Ariane). Contes d'animaux / illustrations de Feodor Rojankovsky; traduit et adapté par Anne-Marie Dalmais. - Paris: Éditions des Deux coqs d'or, 1967.
- F. Rozhankovsky, "Animals on the Farm" ("Animals On the Farm"), 1967
- “The Alphabet of F. Rozhankovsky” (“F. Rojankovsky's ABC”, a series of “Little Golden Books”), 1970
- J. Langstaff, “Meadow Count” (“Over in the Meadow”), 1973
- Albums du Père Castor Series:
- Celli, R. Les petits et les grands / dessins de Rojankovsky. - Paris: Flammarion, 1933. - (Albums du Père Castor).
- Lida . Panach, l'écureuil / images de Rojan. - [Paris]: Flammarion, 1934. - (Albums du Père Castor).,
- Reynier, M. En famille / dessins de F. Rojankovsky. - Paris: Flammarion, 1934. - (Albums du Père Castor).
- Lida. Froux le lièvre / images de Rojankovsky. - Paris: Flammarion, (1935). - (Albums du Père Castor).
- Lida. Plouf, canard sauvage / images de Rojan. - [Paris]: Flammarion, [1935]. - (Albums du Père Castor).
- ABC du Père Castor / dessins de Rojan [Rojankowsky]. - Paris: Flammarion, 1936. - (Albums du Père Castor).
- Lida. Quipic le hérisson / dessins de F. Rojankovsky. - Paris: Flammarion, 1937. - (Albums du Père Castor).
- Lida. Martin-pêcheur / images de F. Rojankovsky. - [Paris]: Flammarion, [1938]. - (Albums du Père Castor).
- Colmont, M. Quand Cigalou s'en va dans la montagne / images de F. Rojankovsky. - Paris: Flammarion, 1939. - (Albums du Père Castor).
- Andersen, H. Ch. Ce que fait le vieux est bien fait / adaptation de Marie Colmont; illustrations de F. Rojankowsky. - Paris: Flammarion, 1939. - (Albums du Père Castor).
- Lida. Coucou / illustrations d'apres F. Rojankovsky. - [Paris]: Flammarion, 1939. - (Albums du Père Castor).
- Colmont, M. Michka / dessins de F. Rojankovsky. - [Paris]: Flammarion, 1941. - (Albums du Père Castor).
- Colmont, M. Pic et Pic et Colegram / dessins de F. Rojankovsky. - Paris: Flammarion, 1941 .-- (Albums du Père Castor).
- François, P. Mes amis / dessins de F. Rojankovsky. - Paris: Flammarion, 1941 .-- (Albums du Père Castor).
- François, P. Mes amis / images de Rojankovsky. - [Paris]: Flammarion, 1951. - (Albums du Père Castor).
- Lida. Les animaux du zoo / dessins de F. Rojankovsky. - [Paris]: Flammarion, 1941. - (Albums du Père Castor).
- Nelly-Roussel, M. Les oiseaux du zoo / dessins de F. Rojankovsky. - [Paris]: Flammarion, 1941. - (Albums du Père Castor).
- François, P. Drôles de bêtes / dessins de F. Rojankovsky. - [Paris]: Flammarion, 1941. - (Albums du Père Castor).
- Colmont, M. Histoire du nègre Zo'hio et de l'oiseau moqueur / dessins de F. Rojankovsky. - [Paris]: Flammarion, 1942. - (Albums du Père Castor).
- François, P. La Maison des oiseaux / images de F. Rojankovsky. - Paris: Flammarion, 1942. - (Albums du Père Castor).
- François, P. Une histoire de souris / vue par F. Rojankovsky, racontée par Paul François. - Paris: Flammarion, 1942. - (Albums du Père Castor).
- Grimm, J., Grimm, W. Les Musiciens de la ville de Brème / dessins de F. Rojankovsky. - Paris: Flammarion, 1942. - (Albums du Père Castor).
- Perrault, C. Cendrillon / dessins de F. Rojankovsky. - Paris: Flammarion, 1942. - (Albums du Père Castor).
- Nodier, Ch. Histoire du chien de Brisquet / llustrations de F. Rojankovsky. - [Paris]: Flammarion, 1943. - (Albums du Père Castor).
- Le Royaume de la mer / dessins de F. Rojankovsky. - [Paris]: Flammarion, 1948. - (Albums du Père Castor).
- François, P. Drôles de bêtes / images de Rojankovsky. - [Paris]: Flammarion, 1951. - (Albums du Père Castor).
- Lida. Les animaux du zoo / images de F. Rojankovsky. - Paris,) Flammarion, 1951. - (Albums du Père Castor).
- Nelly-Roussel, M. Les oiseaux du zoo / images de Rojankovsky. - [Paris]: Flammarion, 1951. - (Albums du Père Castor).
- Colmont, M. Quand Cigalou s'en va dans la montagne / images de F. Rojankovsky. - [Paris]: Flammarion, 1952. - (Albums du Père Castor).
Notes
- ↑ http://www.invaluable.com/auction-lot/feodor-stepanovich-rojankovsky-russian-american-1345-c-80397e7bf8
- ↑ Seslavinsky, M.V. Children's adult artist Fedor Rozhankovsky (Russian) // Our Heritage. - 2018. - No. 125 . - S. 120-128 .
- ↑ Leikind O. L., Makhrov K. V., Severyukhin D. Ya. Artists of the Russian Diaspora 1917-1939: (Biographical Dictionary). - SPb. : Notabene. - 1999. - 720 p., Ill. - S. 496-497.
- ↑ Remembering the father. Interview with T. F. Rozhankovskaya-Koli // About books. Journal of the bibliophile. No. 1 (25) 2013. - S. 7-15.
- ↑ Seslavinsky, M.V. Rendezvous: Russian artists in French book publishing in the first half of the 20th century: catalog album. - Moscow: Astrel, 2009 .-- S. 334-349. - 504 s. - ISBN 978-5-94829-036-2 .
- ↑ Seslavinsky, M.V. French bibliophile publications in the design of Russian emigrant artists (1920-1940s): monograph. - Moscow: Publishing House University Book, 2012. - 254, [6] p., Ill. - ISBN 978-5-454-00003-5 .
- ↑ More on childhood and the family of F.S. Rozhankovsky see: American grandfather. Interview with A.A. Papchinsky // About books. Journal of the bibliophile. No. 1 (25) 2013. p. 16-22.
- ↑ For more details see: Seslavinsky M.V. Rendezvous: Russian artists in French book publishing in the first half of the 20th century: catalog album / author-composer M. Seslavinsky. - M .: Astrel, 2009 .-- 504 p.: Ill. SS. 334-349.
- ↑ For more details see: Sosinsky V.B. Stories and journalism. - M.: Russian Archive, 2002. - 432 p.: Ill. [The Return Library]. S. 184-185.
- ↑ Seslavinsky, M.V. Rendezvous: Russian artists in French book publishing in the first half of the 20th century: catalog album. - Moscow: Astrel, 2009 .-- S. 494-495. - 504 s. - ISBN 978-5-94829-036-2 .