Fire window

There are two types of fire windows:

- cold profile

- warm profile

The cold profile is designed for installation between rooms. A warm, thermally insulated profile faces the street. The main indicator of fire windows is the fire resistance limit. This is an indicator of the resistance of the structure to fire. Determined by the results of the fire test. It is expressed in the number of minutes from the start of the test to the manifestation of one or several signs of limit states (normalized for this design):

• loss of integrity (E) is manifested by the formation of through holes or cracks in the structure through which combustion products and / or open flame penetrate the reverse (unheated) surface.
• loss of bearing capacity (R) of a building structure in case of fire corresponds to its collapse or the occurrence of ultimate deflection or the rate of increase of ultimate strains.
• loss of heat-insulating ability (W) is characterized by an increase in temperature on the unheated surface of the structure to limit values ​​(I) or when the limit value of the heat flux density is reached at a normalized distance from the unheated surface of the structure (W).

Fire resistance of fire windows ranges from 0 to 90 minutes and depends on the height of the floor and the size of the windows themselves. During a fire, the windows must ensure the integrity of the barrier, the so-called parameter E. The fire resistance of the class E parameter indicates that in the event of a fire the barrier will be sealed against flame and hot gases for 60 minutes. This time will be required to evacuate people from the burning building.

Fire-prevention window consists of a frame and laminated fire-resistant glass. A special metal profile is used for the fire window frame. Each layer of the window is protected from another by a film that is held in the space between the glasses with the help of inserts impregnated with sealant. When exposed to high temperatures, the sealant expands and fills the spaces in the design of fire windows. Additional window openings are sealed and, in the event of a fire , the entry of poisonous combustion products into the building will be blocked. Most often, aluminum is used in the manufacture of fire windows. It inhibits heat transfer between rooms. The appearance of these windows from standard aluminum is distinguished by the presence of double-chamber fireproof double-glazed windows and aluminum profiles with thermal break. Windows in fire barriers are made in blind execution, not opening. But it is possible to install automatic leaf closing drives. Fireproof windows must be accompanied by a certificate confirming compliance of the windows with all fire safety requirements.

Types of fire resistance of windows depending on the design and purpose:

• OP-1 - type 1 fire window with a minimum fire resistance of 1.0 hour - E 60;
• OP-2 - type 2 fire window with a minimum fire resistance of 0.5 hours - E 30;
• OP-3 - type 3 fire window with a minimum fire resistance of 0.25 hours - E 15.

• Building constructions. Translucent enclosing structures and filling openings. Test method for fire resistance.
• Federal Law of July 22, 2008 No. 123-ФЗ “Technical Regulations on Fire Safety Requirements”

• Fire safety
• Emergency Prevention and Response
• Fire
• SNiP
• Fire safety standards
• Fire protection methods