KB-100

In 1964, the Rzhev crane building plant mastered the production of a crane for the five-story construction of KB-100 , with a carrying capacity of 5 tons. The following year, factories in the cities of Uryupinsk and Rustavi ( Georgian SSR ) began to produce a modification of KB-100.1 , which has the same characteristics. However, the model was structurally different - instead of a grating crane, it had a tubular metal structure ^[1] .

Two years later, in 1967 , Rustavian crane builders based on the serial crane KB-100.1 launched the release of another modification - KBK-100.1 . The crane developed by the Stroymash Central Design Bureau ( Leningrad ) had standardized units and mechanisms with a serial crane, and also differed in the design of the working boom - a beam boom (lattice design) was used in the new model. In addition, due to the sectionalization of the boom, it was possible to equip it with one intermediate section, which increased its reach from 20 meters to 25 m ^[2] .

Subsequently, the Monchegorsk Mechanical Plant mastered the production of the KB-100.2 model with a telescopic sectional tower. In addition, the production of the KB-100.3 crane with a lifting capacity of 8 tons, designed for 9-story construction, was launched at the Rustavi Kranostroitelny Zavod ^[3] . In addition, the Ukhta Mechanical Plant has produced and is still producing crane modifications designed for use in the Far North - at ambient temperatures up to −60 ° C and wind speeds up to 20 m / s. Currently, UMP makes modifications under the designation KB-309 . The Monchegorsk plant also produces cranes under the index CK-3861 - both jib cranes and cranes for the construction of zero cycles.

Models with a lifting arrow of the following types were produced (according to the design of the tower and arrow) ^[3] :

Lattice Design

• KB-100 - basic cranes of a model range of the "hundredth series". They have a load capacity of 5 tons and are intended for the construction of residential and civil buildings up to 5 floors high. They can operate at temperatures from +40 ° C to −40 ° C. At an altitude of 20 meters, the permissible wind speed is from 16 m / s to 27 m / s (respectively for the working and non-working states) ^[4] .

The following modifications of the base model were produced:

• KB-100.0 (another designation is KB-307 ^[3] ). It differs from the base one with a multi-motor electric drive with unified mechanisms ^[4] .
• KB-100.0A (another designation is KB-307A ^[3] ). Main differences: improved basic mechanisms (movement and rotation); control cabin with higher ergonomics ; semi-automatic rail grips ^[4] .
• KB-100.0AC . Unlike the basic crane, it is designed to work in areas with a cold climate (up to −60 ° C ), in wind areas from I to VI. In addition, the crane can be installed in the VII wind region (in the presence of obstacles with a height of more than 10 meters). The main structural differences: the control cabin (hinged) is equipped with ventilation systems, heating (with the help of Sloterm panels), a sun visor, wipers, a special sprung seat, and other amenities. Like KB-100.0A , the crane is equipped with semi-automatic rail grips. The electrical equipment and cables of the crane are frost-resistant, and the motors are made in a special version of the CL (zone with a cold climate) ^[4] .

1. KB-100.0AC-1 . Special modification of the KB-100.0AC crane . In addition to the existing improvements, KB-100.0AC is equipped with an arrow, which allows using an additional intermediate section to increase the reach to 25 m. A boom angle sensor is also installed in the crane ^[4] .

• KB-100.0M ^[1] .

Telescopic Design

• KB-100.1 (another designation is KB-302 ^[3] ) - a crane with a lifting capacity of 5 tons, designed for the construction of buildings up to 33 m high in areas with strong winds. The tower of the crane and the working boom (two-section) are telescopic. The rotary platform and the running frame of the cranes are made in the form of a ring ^[4] .

1. KBK-100.1 (the second designation is KB-303 ^[5] ). The carrying capacity is from 3.5 to 5 tons ^[2] . The main purpose is the construction of residential and civil buildings in areas with strong winds ^[4] . Cranes are also used in bridge construction ^[5] . The model is equipped with a beam boom (trihedral lattice structure) with a cargo trolley. The design of the working boom provides for the installation of an intermediate section - in this case, the reach of the boom increases to 25 meters. The boom can be installed both horizontally and at an angle. When working at an angle of up to 12 ° 30 ′, the trolley can move freely along the boom ^[5] , and if the angle exceeds this value, it is fixed motionless by a special locking device located in the head section ^[2] .

• KB-100.2 (alternative designation - KB-301 ) is a model with a carrying capacity of 5 tons, designed for the construction of buildings up to 9 floors high. It differs in the tower design made of two pipe sections (inner and outer of different diameters), which are pulled out during the installation of the crane using the mounting tackle ^[1] , as well as the presence of an additional ballast with a total weight of 5 tons on the chassis ^[3] .
• KB-100.3 ^[3] - further modernization of KB-100.1 , intended for the construction of residential, administrative and industrial buildings with a height of 5 to 9 floors. The crane was equipped with an inclined lattice boom, had a load capacity of 8 tons. The model had modifications ^[6]

1. KB-100.3A , which was produced in two assemblies: KB-100.3A-1 and KB-100.3A-2 . Performance data differed in the height of the tower. The first, main, assembly ( A-1 ) had an additional tubular section of the tower, which allowed the construction of buildings up to nine floors high. In the second version ( A-2 ), such a section was absent - the cranes of this assembly had a shortened tower and were intended for the construction of buildings up to 5 floors high ^[6] .
2. KB-100.3B ^[3] - a further modification with a load capacity of 8 tons. A distinctive feature is the presence of the head of the lattice structure, as well as a composite tower that grows through the portal (also of the lattice structure) ^[6] .

• Along with the release of the above cranes, the following were produced:

1. Boom modification of the KB-100.1 model with the KS index ( KS-100 model), intended for the construction of zero-cycle buildings. It differs in that there is no tower in such a crane ^[7] .
2. The Stroymash Central Design Bureau was developed under the KP index by the Leningrad Central Design Bureau, and a loader crane ( KP-100.1 ) was produced at the plant in Rustavi, designed to operate at station sites, warehouses, bases, etc. The loader capacity was from 5 tons to 10 tons ^[8] . Cranes of this modification are equipped with a portal for passing trains . The design of the working boom and turntable is almost completely similar to the KB-100.1 model ^[9] .

Tower

The tower is lattice, from the corners ^[10] . Tower cross section: 1.4 m • 1.4 m. In the upper part, on the side, there is a remote driver's cab (of a unified type). To climb it uses a ladder that is installed inside the tower structure. The tower of the crane in the working (vertical) position is fixed at a height of 3.4 m with the help of working struts of a telescopic design, which are connected with a special two-leg rack.

The rack (on two legs), placed on the platform, serves as a support for the struts of the tower and the mounting rack. During transportation, to reduce the size of the crane, the head of the crane tower is turned sideways - for this purpose, the hinge is provided for by the design.

Swivel

Running frame - square, box-section. It is made welded. A ring is welded on top, which connects the slewing ring and the frame. From the bottom, the frame rests on running balancing trolleys (each 40 t • s) with rotary weathercocks located at the corners of the frame. The trolley is a balanced welded frame that carries two wheels. Two of the four trolleys (on one side) are leading.

The connection of the weather vane with the undercarriage is articulated using a vertical king pin. The weathervanes are mounted using trunnions . In the working position, the weathercocks are located diagonally. To fix the weathercocks in the eyes, there are holes in which the locking pins are inserted. The latter are also inserted into the existing holes on the chassis. And in the transport position, to reduce the dimensions, the fingers are removed and the weathercocks are reduced (and attached) to the frame.

On the rotary platform KB-100 installed: cargo (brand L-500) and boom (brand L-450-2) winches , cabinets with electrical equipment, the mechanism of rotation of the crane (brand Z-P-P), ballast plates and fasteners - for struts and for the tower. The latter is installed in front of the platform, and when installing the crane it is fixed (at a height of 3.4 m) with two struts that then hold it in an upright position. All branches of the pulley block when the tower is raised become workers. The design of the platform consists of channel longitudinal beams (4 pieces) and rests on a running frame with rotary weathercocks with the help of a rotary support device (ball type, in two rows), which is the main rotary mechanism of the crane. The turntable is made in the form of a welded rectangular structure, with ring segments welded from below for fastening the turntable.

The rotary platform of the KB-100.2 crane is as follows. The eyes for the tower hinge are located on top, in the end part. Ballast plates are located on the transverse beams in its rear part. On the right is an electric cabinet. The platform has a two-leg rack, consisting of braces and racks welded to the longitudinal beams. The working strut, designed to install the tower in an upright position, is pivotally attached to the biped rack (top) ^[10] .

The circle KB-100 and KB-100.0 is not normalized and has external gearing ^[10] (in the first cranes - with Novikov gear , and in the cranes of the latest releases - involute is used).

Work Arrow

The arrow of the crane is from the corners, just like the tower. Made lattice, sectional, folding. It includes four sections: head, intermediate (2 pcs.) And root. The head section of the boom is hinged , and the root and intermediate are flanged . When disassembling the crane, the head section folds - relative to this hinge. For intermediate sections, the cross section is 750 mm • 900 mm.

When assembling the crane, the dimensions of the installation site are: 30 m • 15 m ^[11] . Installation and dismantling of the crane is carried out by means of an automobile crane with a lifting capacity of 7 tons and its own mechanisms.

The crane is transported on special rolling trolleys - using a MAZ-200 or YAZ-210 G truck tractor, as well as YAZ-219 . In this case, the supporting cup of the crane tower is installed on the ball pin of the coupling device, and all devices are installed on the car frame and fixed with clamps . The grips holding the king pin in the closed position must be locked with a special locking fist with a spring.

• On February 6, 2012, a fatal accident occurred at the construction site of a residential building in the Vologda Oblast . The driver, climbing into the cockpit, fell from a height of 4.5 meters and received a fatal injury when falling to the lower platform ^[12] . As it turned out, the crane operator was not instructed. In addition, she was drunk - an alcohol concentration of 0.67 ppm was detected in her blood. In addition, it turned out that the crane operator did not have special shoes, and the crane itself was launched in violation of the requirements - its operation expired in September 2010. Employees of the construction company (director, foreman and chief engineer), erecting the facility, were brought to administrative responsibility ^[13] .

• Kaplan D. Yu. , Novikov B.P.: Tower crane KB-100.1 - Magazine " Mechanization of construction ", No. 7, July 1963, pp. 22-23.