Joan Lea Bybee (Joan B. Hooper) , born 11 February 1945 New Orleans ) - American linguist, professor at the University of New Mexico at Albuquerque , honorary doctor of the University of Oslo (2004), one of the leading world experts in general morphology and grammar theory.
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Biography
She received a bachelor's degree from the University of Texas at Austin (1966) and a master's degree from the State University of San Diego (1970). Thesis topic at the University of California, Los Angeles is “Aspects of Natural Generative Phonology” (1973). She taught at the University of New York in Buffalo and at the University of New Mexico in Albuquerque (from 1989 professor, from 1998 to 2001 the head of the department of linguistics). Chairman of the American Linguistic Society (since 2004). Member of the International Association of Linguistic Typology . He is a member of the editorial board of the journal “ Linguistic Typology ”.
Contribution to Science
Boybi is one of the most influential representatives of the functionalist trend in theoretical linguistics, opposing both the ideology of the “ formal ” trend (or Chomsky ) and the ideology of structuralism . In early works developed the so-called. "Natural phonology"; in the mid-1980s Baby begins to study theoretical morphology. Her book Morphology (1985) is a manifesto of functional morphology; the book affirms the existence of typological patterns governing the location of morphemes in the word form, affix vs. analytical expression of grammatical meanings and others. Later, Byby turned to the problems of diachronic evolution of grammatical meanings; her book The evolution of grammar (1994, co-authored) is a significant contribution to the theory of grammatization and to the typological description of the kinds of temporal and modal grammatical meanings. In recent works, the outlines of a new language model are outlined, in which concepts such as the frequency of linguistic units and body-oriented mechanisms play a large role; this model largely abolishes the structuralist opposition of “language” and “speech”, as well as the ideologically close to the latter Chomsky opposition of “competence” and “use”.
Major works
- Hooper, Joan B. 1976. An introduction to natural generative phonology . New York: Academic Press.
- Bybee, Joan L. 1985. Morphology: a study of the relation between meaning and form . Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
- Bybee, Joan, Revere Perkins and William Pagliuca. 1994. The evolution of grammar: tense, aspect and modality in the languages of the world . Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
- Bybee, Joan. 2001. Phonology and language use . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Bybee, Joan. 2007. Frequency of use and the organization of language . Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Bybee, Joan. 2010. Language, usage and cognition . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Notes
- ↑ Freebase data upload - Google .
- ↑ LIBRIS - 2015.