Evenki district

Area area - 763 197 km ². The geographical center of Russia is located on the territory of the region (in the area of ​​Lake Vivi ^[5] ).

Evenki district belongs to the regions of the Far North. Adjacent territories:

• north: Taimyr district of Krasnoyarsk region
• East: Republic of Sakha and Irkutsk Region
• South: Kezhemsky , Boguchansky , Motyginsky and North-Yenisei districts of the Krasnoyarsk Territory
• west: Turukhansky district of Krasnoyarsk region

The relief of the central part is represented by the world's largest basalt massif of the Putoran mountains, in the east by the ancient Anabara mountains. The intermountain basins, as well as the snow and tundra plains complete the picture.

Hundreds of rivers, swift and unhurried, crystal clear and mineralized, flow through the territory of Evenkia. There are tens of thousands of lakes here. In the mountains of Putorana, the highest density of waterfalls in Russia. Waterfalls in the Kureika River Basin - Talnikovy and Big Kureisk - are the largest in Russia in height and power of the spillway, respectively.

Evenkia is a giant nature reserve with enormous biological, fuel, mineral and recreational resources. According to the scientists, this area is the most ecologically clean in Russia, and possibly in the world. Forests in it occupy more than 70% of the territory. Almost untouched taiga mainly consists of conifers.

In Evenkiysky district there are hundreds of species of animals, birds, fish, including unique ones. The land is rich in oil, gas, coal, iron ore, Iceland spar and graphite. In the Evenki subsoil explored reserves of diamonds, precious stones, semi-precious materials.

Lakes

• Beldunchana
• Vivi
• Essey
• Eromo
• Reserved
• Zorilov
• Suzdalevo
• Hurinda
• Cheko

Climatic conditions

The average annual air temperature is from −5 ° C to −15 ° C (in the administrative center - −9 ° C). The area is located in an area of sharply continental climate . Winter lasts about 8 months a year, and from December to February temperatures can fall below −60 ° C. Transitional seasons are mild: spring begins in the first half of May and ends in the second half of June, characterized by rapid melting of snow cover; Autumn - from the second half of August to the second half of September, when a steady snow cover is formed. Summer in the Evenk region is short - from the end of June to mid-August, and during the summer the weather can vary from frost to heat: in some cases, the temperature may exceed +40 ° C. Permafrost is widespread throughout the region, with the exception of the left bank of the Podkamennaya Tunguska.

Studies by historians and archaeologists suggest that the first people on the territory of Evenkia appeared in the 2nd millennium BC. It took the ancient man three thousand years to not only settle the valley of Lower Tunguska, but also to explore the nearby territories - the sites of the ancient people of the Neolithic era were found in the middle course of the Podkamennaya Tunguska.

Historians call the Ancestral homeland of the Evenks the Transbaikalia and the Amur region. In the 10th century, the Evenks were driven out of the fertile valleys to the north by warlike steppe inhabitants.

The first mention of the Tungus as a nationality dates back to 1581–1583 and appears in the description of the Siberian kingdom. The Tungus were nomadic and predominantly engaged in hunting. With the appearance of the Russian population in these places at the beginning of the 17th century, the fur trade and reindeer herding, which are still developing, occupied the main place in the economy of the Evenks.

December 10, 1930 formed the Evenki National District with the administrative center in the village of Tura. According to Art. 71 of the Constitution of the RSFSR of April 12, 1978 was renamed the Evenk Autonomous District. During the Great Patriotic War, 1866 residents of the okrug left Evenkia, 586 of them did not return home.

From 1991 to 2006, the Evenk Autonomous Okrug was an independent subject of the Russian Federation.

The Evenkiysky Municipal District was formed on October 14, 2005 in accordance with the Law of the Evenk Autonomous Okrug No. 438 dated September 15, 2004 “On the Formation of the Municipality of the Evenkiysky Municipal District” ^[6] . and consisted of rural settlements and inter-settlement territories united by a common territory. In total, 23 rural settlements were formed, each of which consisted of 1 settlement, including the status of a rural settlement was the municipality "urban-type settlement Tura ".

On January 1, 2007, in accordance with the results of the referendum on joining the Krasnoyarsk Territory, held on April 17, 2005, the Evenki Autonomous District was abolished, and an administrative-territorial unit with a special status Evenki District was formed on its territory ^{[7] [8]} . In the framework of local government, he was the same municipal area .

After the accession of the Evenk Autonomous Okrug to the Krasnoyarsk Territory, the administrative-territorial structure and municipalities in its territory continued to be regulated by the previously adopted laws of the Evenk Autonomous Okrug. On June 10, 2010, a list of administrative-territorial units of the Krasnoyarsk Territory was adopted, including units of the Evenki District ^[4] .

On April 21, 2011, the Tura settlement became a rural settlement ^[9] and the name of the corresponding rural settlement was changed to “Tura settlement” ^[10] .

On October 6, 2011, a law was adopted on municipalities of the Evenkiysky District of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, which repealed the previous laws of the Evenki Autonomous Area ^[11] .

The Evenki district received the status of a special territory on December 29, 2015. This decision was made by the Legislative Assembly of the Krasnoyarsk Territory. The document entered into force on January 1, 2016.

The population of the district according to the Federal State Statistics Service is 15 733 ^[3] people. (2019). The population density is 0.02 people / km ² (2019). The territory of the district is one of the most sparsely populated territories not only in Russia, but also in the world.

Demography

As part of the administrative-territorial structure, the district includes 23 territorial units (20 settlements and 3 villages). ^{[7] [8]}

As part of the municipal structure, the municipal district includes 23 municipalities with the status of rural settlements . ^[42]

In the area of ​​23 settlements.

In the Evenk district there are abandoned villages Noginsk (liquidated in 2006), Ust-Kamo and Taimba (liquidated in 2016).

The Evenki District Council of Deputies is an elected body of local self-government representing the interests of the population of Evenki District and taking decisions on a collegial basis. Deputies of the district council are elected for 5 years in the amount of 20 people under a mixed, majority-proportional system .

Elections of deputies of the Evenki district council of deputies were held four times. The deputies of the convocations 2005–2007 , 2007–2011 , 2011–2016 , and 2016–2021 were elected. Currently, deputies elected in 2016 work in the district council. The chairman of the Evenki District Council of Deputies of the IV convocation from October 19, 2016 is Karamzin Vyacheslav Ivanovich.

Fractions

MPs

Head of EMD

The head of the Evenkiysky municipal district is the highest official of the Evenkiysky municipal district, endowed according to the statute with its own competence for solving local issues, leading the activities on the implementation of local self-government in the territory of the Evenkiysky municipal district. The head of the district is elected by the Evenki District Council of Deputies from among the candidates submitted by the competition commission on the results of the competition, and heads the local administration.

On November 13, 2015, Evgeny Vasiliev was elected head of the Evenkiysky municipal district on November 13, 2015 for 5 years. Officially took office as head of the EWM on November 14, 2015.

Industry

Five oil and gas fields have been discovered in Evenkia: Yurubcheno-Tokhomskoye , Kuyumbinskoe, Sobinskoe, Omorinskoe and Paiginskoe.

The Yurubcheno-Tokhomskoye oil and gas condensate field was discovered in 1982. Mastering began in 2009. Since 2013, the construction of the Kuyumba-Taishet main oil pipeline has been carried out. On January 18, 2017, the Kuyumba-Taishet oil pipeline was put into operation. The remote launch from Moscow was made personally by Russian President Vladimir Putin.

Transport

Evenkia is very remote from the main Siberian centers. Here there are no year-round operating highways. Navigation through the Lower and Podkamennaya Tunguskam is carried out only a few weeks a year during the flood. The rest of the time, communication with localities and delivery of food products is carried out via a winter road and aviation. The main means of transportation in the Evenki district are boats, since few settlements are attached to rivers.

Agriculture

In connection with the reorganization of agriculture in Evenkia, that is, the dismantling of state farms, many traditional activities such as dairy cattle breeding, pig breeding, and fur farming have lost their relevance. Priority is given to reindeer breeding and hunting, as vital to the activities of the indigenous people of Evenkia. Tribal communities and peasant farms are engaged in reindeer farming in Evenkia. The main type of their activity is the maintenance and breeding of domestic deer. Deer contains the municipal enterprise of the reindeer-breeding farm "Surindinskoe". At present, the reindeer-breeding farm "Surindinsky" has four branches in the territory of Evenkia. In total, 300 people were hired to work. The number of domestic reindeer is 1661 heads. In the Baikitsky and Tungussko-Chunsky group of settlements, where the climate is milder, besides hunting and reindeer herding, the population is engaged in growing crops - potatoes, cabbage, tomatoes, cucumbers.

Connection

Evenkia is one of the most developed regions with regard to the security of public access to telecommunication and communication systems. Satellite equipment has been installed in all villages of the region, digital telephone communication systems and the Internet work. All settlements until June 3, 2019 received at least six television programs, on Tour there were two FM radio channels. All villages have satellite phones GlobalSat. A network of data transmission has been created in Evenkia, and nodes have been established for remote access to resources and information systems in the Evenki district. In 2016, digital television stations were built in three large villages of Tura, Baikit and Vanavara. On June 3, 2019 Evenkia switched from analogue to digital broadcasting.

Tourism

The tourism industry in Evenkia includes several areas: hunting, fishing and ethnographic. The development and implementation of tourist routes of Evenkiysky district is handled by the municipal budget institution “Center for Community Initiatives and Tourism Development”.

• MP "Evenk base supply"
• MP Reindeer breeding farm "Surindinsky"
• MP "Baikitenergo"
• MP "Gostiny Dvor"
• MP "Vanavaraenergo"
• MP "Ilimpiyskye electrical"
• MP "Ilimpian heating networks"
• MP "Evenkiyanefteprodukt"
• MP "Evenk aircraft"
• MU "Integrated Center for Social Services"
• MU "Management of highways in Evenkiysky municipal district"

In the district health system there is one inter-district hospital in the village of Tura, two district hospitals in the villages of Baikit and Vanavara, three district hospitals, two medical ambulance stations, fourteen medical and obstetric centers in small villages.

The system of social services for senior citizens and people with disabilities includes three municipal institutions: “Home for the Elderly and Disabled”, “Comprehensive Center for Social Services for the Population”, “Center for Social Benefits”.

Evenkia’s municipal education system is represented by 44 institutions, including: 22 general education institutions (7 schools - kindergartens, 4 primary schools, 3 primary schools, 8 secondary schools), 5 schools have boarding schools for children whose parents live in another settlement or most of the time are in the taiga; 18 institutions of preschool education; 2 institutions of additional education for children (House of Children's Creativity, p. Tura, Baikitsky Center for Children's Creativity) and one institution of additional vocational education for adults “Evenki ethno-pedagogical center”.

In addition, there are 3 regional educational organizations in the district, these are the Turin School, where children with disabilities are taught, and two institutions of secondary vocational education, the Turin Medical College and Evenkiy Multi-Profile Technical School.

There is one educational institution in the Evenk municipal district for orphans and children left without parental care:

• KGKU "Vanavarsky orphanage"

In Evenkiysky district there are: 20 clubs, 25 libraries, 3 children's art schools, 3 museums, 1 cinema.

On the territory of Evenkia, groups of national musical and dance culture of the Evenk and Yakut peoples carry out their activities such as: People's amateur group Evenki Song and Dance Ensemble “Osiktakan” (Zvezdochka), exemplary art group “Hotugu Sulus” (Polar Star) Ensemble Rural House of Culture, p. Essey, People’s Self-Active Collective Ensemble of Evenki Song Togokon (Ogonyok) p. Baikit, dance groups of the village of Surinda “Yaktalik” (Brook) and “Garpak” (ray), children's choreographic groups “Hosinkan” (Sparkle), “Ilmakta” ​​(Youth) p. Vanavara, the Ketan folk group “Sangan” (translated from keto Zvezdochka), p. Sulomai, the children's group of folklore dance “Aglakan” (The Lagoon tent), p. Tura, the children's folk group “Aina” (children's ehora,) Ensemble of a song of dance "Dyukeebil" (Northern Lights) rural house of culture of the item Essey, ensemble of "Monnokor" (Shalunishki) rural house of culture of the item of Chirinda.

In Evenkiysky municipal district there are 17 sports facilities. Of these, 2 flat structures, 1 ski base in the village of Vanavara, 13 sports halls, a fitness center in the village of Tura. Из 13 спортивных залов 10 находятся при средних общеобразовательных школах и 3, а также ФОК, при МБОУ ДО «Детско-юношеская спортивная школа Центра физической культуры и спорта».

• МКУ «Редакция газеты « Эвенкийская жизнь »
• ООО «Эвенкийская служба новостей «Хэглэн»
• Телепрограмма «Ванаварские Вести»
• Информационный бюллетень «Байкитский вестник».

Председатели районного Совета депутатов

• С 14 октября 2005 года по 4 октября 2015 года — Суворов Петр Иванович.
• С 5 октября 2015 года по 25 марта 2016 года — Александрова Екатерина Христофоровна (врио).
• С 25 марта 2016 года по настоящее время — Карамзин Вячеслав Иванович.

Главы администрации муниципального района

• С 19 ноября 2005 года по 31 марта 2011 года — Малаший Ярослав Романович.
• С 31 марта по 23 мая 2011 года — Москвин Сергей Александрович (врио).
• С 23 мая 2011 года по 7 августа 2012 года — Яроцкий Виктор Сергеевич.
• С 7 августа по 12 декабря 2012 года — Бахтин Иван Алексеевич (врио).
• С 12 декабря 2012 года по 14 ноября 2015 года — Черкасов Андрей Юрьевич.

Главы муниципального района

• С 14 октября 2005 года по 4 октября 2015 года — Суворов Петр Иванович.
• С 5 октября по 14 ноября 2015 года — Черкасов Андрей Юрьевич (врио).
• С 14 ноября 2015 года по настоящее время — Васильев Евгений Яковлевич.

Эвенкия богата на материальные культурные объекты и достопримечательности. Особенно среди них выделяют наиболее популярные, такие как:

• плато Путорана
• Географический центр России
• Суломайские столбы
• Тунгусский заповедник
• Центрально-Сибирский заповедник

• День оленевода — ежегодно в конце марта месяца в п. Суринда, п. Тура.
• «Мучун» (встреча эвенкийского Нового года) — ежегодно в начале июня.
• День рыбака — последняя неделя июня.
• Ысыах — ежегодно между 10 июня и 25 июня в п. Тура, п. Ессей.
• Фестиваль «Эвенкийские зори» проходит раз в три года поочередно в одном из крупных посёлков.
• День Эвенкийской природы — 2 августа.
• День аборигена ( Международный день коренных народов мира ) — первая неделя августа.
• День Эвенкии — 10 декабря.

• Список поселений Эвенкийского района Красноярского края

• Официальный сайт Эвенкии
• Туризм в Эвенкии
• Недостижимая симметрия: об итогах «укрупнения» субъектов Российской Федерации