Fudel, Sergey Iosifovich

Born in the family of the priest of the Moscow Butyrka prison - Joseph Fudel . In 1917 he graduated from the 5th Moscow gymnasium , after which from 1918 to 1920 he studied at the historical and philological faculty of Moscow University ^[4] , - at the philosophical department ^{[5] [6]} ; then he served in the army, studied at the Higher Military Pedagogical School at the Department of Russian Language and Literature ^[4] .

July 23, 1922 he was arrested for anti-renewal activities and in December he was sent to Ust-Sysolsk , where he arrived in January 1923 ^[6] , and then to the Prince-Pogost of Ust-Vymsky district , where he served his exile until April 1925 ^[4] .

On July 23, 1923, in the room of exiled Bishop Athanasius (Sakharov) of Kovrovsky, Sergei Fudel married Vera Maksimovna Sytina (1901-1988) ^[4] , who, as his bride, went to exile with him ^{[5] [7]} ; May 26, 1924 their son Nikolai was born ^[4] .

In the years 1925-1932 the Fudel family lived in Moscow; Sergey Iosifovich worked as a senior researcher at the Institute of the Fruit and Vegetable Industry; November 11, 1931 the daughter Maria was born ^[4] .

On January 1, 1933, he was again arrested and sentenced to three years for a new exile on charges of “anti-Soviet agitation”, as well as “failure to report a counter-revolutionary crime” and was sent to Yawenga in February , and was sent to logging in a camp near Velsky on May 30 ^{[5 ]} , in July he was transferred to Vologda , where he was in exile until January 1936 . After Vologda, until 1942, the Fudel family lived in Zagorsk , where Sergey Iosifovich worked as an accountant in an artel , and then at a factory. July 11, 1941 the daughter of Barbara was born. At that time, their house was a venue for secret worship and a refuge for clergymen hiding from persecution such as, for example, Archimandrite Serafim (Bityugov) ^[8] .

During the Great Patriotic War , until August 1945 , Fudel served as a private in the railway troops in the protection of military cargo ^{[5] [8]} .

On May 17, 1946, he was arrested for the third time in the case of the “ anti-Soviet church underground” and on November 30 was sentenced to a five-year exile, which he first served in Minusinsk (until August 1947 ^[6] or September 1948 ^[8] ), then until July 1951 , in the village of Big Uluy, Krasnoyarsk Territory . At the end of the link, Fudeli lived in Usman (until the fall of 1962 ), where Sergey Iosifovich worked as an accountant in the Red Banner artel and worked part-time in private English lessons ^[9] .

Since 1955, the literary activity of S. I. Fudel began. The first work, “To My Children and Friends,” was completed in 1956 , in 1957 , in the original edition, “The Way of the Fathers,” in 1959 - 1961 , “The Church of the Faithful,” “The Light of the Church,” “The Unity of the Church and Ecumenism” ^{[ 9]} . The character and orientation of Fudel's work made his works deliberately prohibited ^[10] .

In November 1962, the family moved to Pokrov , where Sergey Iosifovich served as a psalmist in the Pokrovsky church. During this period, he also performed translations for the Publishing Department of the Moscow Patriarchate . In Pokrov, in 1963, the book “Dostoevsky’s Legacy” was completed, work began on the book about Pavel Florensky, “The Beginning of the Knowledge of the Church” (it was published in Paris in 1972 by the publishing house YMCA-Press without the author’s knowledge under the pseudonym F. Udelov); In the 1970s, his books “Holy Tradition”, “Communion of Eternal Life”, “At the Walls of the Church”, “Slavophilism and the Church”, “Notes on the Liturgy and the Church” ^[9] appeared in samizdat.

Sergei Iosifovich Fudel died in Pokrov March 7, 1977 from a malignant disease of the lymph nodes ; March 9, was buried in the Pokrovsky city cemetery ^[11] . On September 9, 2017, the remains of S. I. Fudel and his wife, V. M. Sytina, were transferred to the territory of the city Pokrovsky temple ^[12] .

Sergei Iosifovich saw his life not as an endless series of misfortunes and misadventures, but for granted, those who follow Christ should bear the cross ^[13] :

In a way, I'm dying in infertility. Nevertheless, this oddly coexists in me with gratitude for life and, even more surprisingly, with the hope of forgiveness.

- S.I. Fudel. "Memories"

The church for Sergei Fudel was a place of fellowship, a meeting place for people, overcoming loneliness ^[14] :

He felt the need to convey the feeling that he himself had - the Church as a light, the Church as a society of saints. This, he believed, would defeat the image of her dark double, which sometimes arises from a vision of the church in history. He himself was a member of the church and helped others live in it with patience, joy, and hope.

- A. M. Kopyrovsky ^[13]

S. Fudel regarded the liturgy as the quintessence of the Church, an expression of its essence ^[15] :

The liturgy is at the center of Christianity, and at the center of the liturgy is “The Lamb slain from the foundation of the world” (Rev. 13, 8)

- S.I. Fudel. Notes on the Liturgy and the Church

Sergei Fudel constantly supported and developed the idea of ​​a monastery in the world as a contrast to the separation of life in faith and life in the world ^[16] . From a letter from Bishop Athanasius (Sakharov) to Sergei Iosifovich in the late 1950s:

God bless you, my dear and dear Seryozhenka ... May God help you to walk along the “path of the Fathers” ... The idea of ​​a “monastery in the world" is especially dear to me, and I consider it absolutely necessary to propagate ... Your book is the theological justification of "a monastery in the world "... I lovingly embrace you and kiss you, and I apologize to the packs. Save on the Lord. With love, your pilgrim, Bishop Athanasius.

- S.I. Fudel. "Memories"

• Father - a famous Moscow priest, theologian Joseph Ivanovich Fudel ; mother - Evgenia Sergeevna, nee Emelyanova.
• Wife - Vera Maksimovna Fudel (Sytina), granddaughter of A. D. Sverbeev ^[17] .
• Children:
  • son - teacher and writer (pseudonym - Nikolai Plotnikov) Nikolai Fudel (1924-2002) ^[18]
  • daughter Maria Sergeevna Zhelnovakova ^[19] (1931-2011)
  • daughter Varvara Sergeevna Fudel (1941-2015).

• To my children and friends , 1956.
• Memoirs , 1956-1975.
• The Way of the Fathers , 1957.
• The legacy of Dostoevsky , 1963 .
• Memories of Fr. Nicolae Golubtsovo , 1963.
• The beginning of the knowledge of the Church , 1972.

1959-1961:

• Church of the Faithful
• Church Light
• Collegiality of the Church and Ecumenism

1970s ( samizdat ):

• Slavophilism and the Church
• Notes on the Liturgy and the Church
• Holy Tradition
• Communion of eternal life
• At the walls of the Church

• Three bishops crowned Sergei Fudel and Vera Sytin: two bishops - Athanasius (Sakharov) , Nikolai (Dobronravov) and Archbishop Thaddeus (Uspensky) ^[20] .
• Sergei Fudel was one of the favorite writers of Alexander and Natalia Solzhenitsyn ^[1] .
• The manuscript of Dostoevsky’s Legacy was prepared for publication by Lyudmila Ivanovna Saraskina ^[21] and Nikita Struve ^[22] .
• Fudel knew seven languages, including English, his wife - five ^[7] .

• About Fr. Pavel Florensky. - 2nd ed. - Paris: YMCA-press, 1988 .-- 133 p. : portr. - ISBN 2-85065-152-4
• Notes on the Liturgy and the Church; [Foreword V. Vorobyev; Note Yu. S. Terentyev]. - M.: Publishing House of Orthodoxy. St. Tikhonov. theologian. Institute, 1996 .-- 114 p. : portr. - ISBN 5-7429-0020-1
• The path of the fathers. - [M.]: Sreten. Monastery, 1997. - 431, [1] p.
• The legacy of Dostoevsky; [Common ed., entry Art., with. 7-28, Prep. text and note. L. I. Saraskina]. - M.: CJSC Rus. the way ", 1998. - 285, [1] p. : ill .; 19 cm; ISBN 5-85887-025-2 : B. c.
• Fudel S.I. Collected Works in 3 vols. and comment. prot. N.V. Balashova, L.I. Saraskina; foreword prot. V.N. Vorobyov. - Moscow: Russian Way, 2001. - T. 1. - 648 p. - ISBN 5-85887-086-4 .
• Fudel S.I. Collected works in 3 t. / Comp., Prep. text and comment. prot. N.V. Balashova .. - Moscow: Russian Way, 2003. - T. 2. - 448 p. - ISBN 5-85887-087-2 .
• Fudel S.I. Collected works in 3 t. / Comp., Prep. text and comment. prot. N.V. Balashova, L.I. Saraskina. - Moscow: The Russian Way, 2005. - T. 3. - 456 p. - ISBN 5-85887-120-8 .
• Chrkva and Hen tamni dvjnik; Prev: Rodobub Lazi. - Stari Banovtsi [et al.]: Bernard, 2009. - 97, [2] p. - ISBN 978-86-87993-05-1 . - (Library: Quiet Voice).
• Memories; [protoyer. N.V. Balashov. comp.]. - Moscow: Russian Way, 2009. - 201, [1] p. - ISBN 978-5-85887-323-5
  • Memories. - Moscow: Russian Way , 2012 .-- 207 p. - ISBN 978-5-85887-395-2 .
  • Memories. - Sergiev Posad, Moscow region : Holy Trinity St. Sergius Lavra; 2016: Russian way. - 201, [6] p. - ISBN 978-5-00009-126-5 . - 3,000 copies.
• Notes on the liturgy and the church; [comp. preparation. text, entry Art., note. protoyer. N.V. Balashova]. - Moscow: Russian Way, 2009. - 104, [1] p. - ISBN 978-5-85887-324-2
  • Notes on the liturgy and the Church. - Moscow: Russian Way, 2012 .-- 112 p. - ISBN 978-5-85887-397-6 .
• The legacy of Dostoevsky. - Moscow: Russian Way, 2016 .-- 340 p. - ISBN 978-5-85887-458-4 .
• The path of the fathers. - Moscow: Russian Way, 2012 .-- 352 p. - ISBN 978-5-85887-401-0 .
  • The Way of the Fathers; [comp., prep. text, entry Art., note. Archpriest N.V. Balashov]. - Moscow: Russian Way, 2012. - 339, [3] p. - ISBN 978-5-85887-401-0
• At the walls of the Church; To my children and friends; [comp., prep. text, entry Art., note. protoyer. N.V. Balashova]. - Moscow: Russian Way, 2009. - 263, [1] p. - ISBN 978-5-85887-322-8
  • At the walls of the Church. To my children and friends / Comp., Prep. text, entry Art. and note. prot. N.V. Balashova. - Moscow: Russian Way, 2012 .-- 272 p. - ISBN 978-5-85887-396-9 .
  • At the walls of the Church; To my children and friends; [comp., prep. text, entry Art., note. prot. N.V. Balashova]. - Sergiev Posad: Holy Trinity St. Sergius Lavra; Moscow: Russian Way, 2016. - 263, [1] p. - ISBN 978-5-00009-125-8 . - 3000 copies.
• Church of the faithful. - Moscow: Russian Way, 2012 .-- 208 p. - ISBN 978-5-85887-402-7 .

• V. Vorobyov. Sergei Iosifovich Fudel: “We are here in the desert” (Neopr.) . Mgarsky Kolokol (March 2012). Date of treatment June 21, 2012. Archived on September 25, 2012.
• Sergei Iosifovich Fudel (1900-1977) (Russian) . Date of treatment June 14, 2012. Archived on September 25, 2012.
• C. I. Fudel and his church environment: open electronic archive (neopr.) .