Type K submarines are a type of British squadron submarine built in 1916-1923. Built to interact with the squadron, they had a full speed of 24 knots, but at the cost of a giant displacement (four times more than their modern boats) and the installation of steam turbines. On the submarines of this type there were a number of disasters with human casualties, and all of them were decommissioned, having served less than 10 years.
| Type K submarines | |
|---|---|
| K class submarines | |
 | |
 HMS K15 | |
| Main characteristics | |
| Type of ship | Submarine Squadron |
| Project designation | type K |
| Project developer | Admiralty Shipbuilding Department |
| Chief Designer | Sir Eustace Tennyson d'Einkert |
| Speed (surface) | 24 knots |
| Speed (underwater) | 10 knots |
| Working depth | 50-60 m |
| Autonomy of swimming | surface: 800 miles at 24 knots, 12,500 miles at 10 knots; submarine: 8 miles at 8 knots, 40 miles at 4 knots |
| Crew | 59 people (including 6 officers) |
| Cost | 300,000 pounds each (in 1915 prices) [1] |
| Dimensions | |
| Surface displacement | 1980 t |
| Underwater displacement | 2566 t |
| The length is the greatest (on design basis) | 103 m (339 ft) |
| The width of the body naib. | 8.08 m (26 ft., 6 in.) |
| Average draft (on design basis) | 6.38 m (20 ft., 11 in.) |
| Power point | |
Steam turbine-electric
| |
| Armament | |
| Artillery | Two guns 101.6 mm / 40 Mk IX |
| Torpedo mine weapons | 4x457 mm bow TA with spare torpedoes, 4x457 mm traverse TA, 2x457 mm deck TA, later dismantled |
| Air defense | one gun 76.2 mm |
Design
Corps
Double hull boat. The robust case was divided into 9 compartments [2] :
- Bow torpedo compartment;
- Residential compartment - officers' cabins ;
- Central post, including the radio room;
- Torpedo compartment traverse devices;
- The boiler room, the workplace of stokers, was isolated in an underwater position;
- Turbine department;
- Engine room - it housed electric motors and auxiliary diesel;
- Residential compartment - sailor's cabin;
- The steering compartment, the second sailor's cockpit.
Armament
Type K boats were torpedo artillery. Torpedo armament was represented by ten widespread during the construction of ships tube torpedo tubes of 18-inch (457 mm) caliber. Four TAs were installed in the nose, four in the fourth compartment, facing the right and left sides in pairs for traverse shooting. The last two devices were installed in the form of a rotary pair in the bow of the superstructure.
The artillery weapons were represented by two 4-inch (102 mm) cannons, originally placed on deck on either side of the raised superstructure, and one three-inch (76 mm) cannon capable of firing at aircraft and mounted on the raised part of the superstructure, near chimneys. Due to the heavy flooding of the artillery fighting posts, even with moderate excitement, the location of the artillery was changed on individual boats during repairs.
Representatives
| Title | Shipyard | Bookmark | Launching | Commissioning | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HMS K1 | Portsmouth dockyard | November 1, 1915 | November 14, 1916 | April 1, 1917 | died on November 18, 1917 while patrolling in the North Sea, colliding with K4 , crew saved |
| HMS K2 | Portsmouth dockyard | November 13, 1915 | October 14, 1916 | February 1, 1917 | sold for scrap in 1926 |
| HMS K3 | Vickers | May 21, 1915 | May 20, 1916 | September 22, 1916 | sold for scrap in 1921 |
| HMS K4 | Vickers | June 28, 1915 | July 15, 1916 | January 1, 1917 | died on January 31, 1918 in the battle of May Island , colliding with K6 , the crew died |
| HMS K5 | Portsmouth dockyard | November 13, 1915 | December 16, 1916 | June 1, 1917 | died in 1921 under mysterious circumstances with the whole crew |
| HMS K6 | Devonport dockyard | November 8, 1915 | May 31, 1916 | February 1, 1917 | sold for scrap in 1926 |
| HMS K7 | Devonport dockyard | November 8, 1915 | May 31, 1916 | February 1, 1917 | sold for scrap in 1921 |
| HMS K8 | Vickers | September 22, 1915 | October 10, 1916 | March 6, 1917 | sold for scrap in 1923 |
| HMS K9 | Vickers | June 28, 1915 | November 8, 1916 | May 9, 1917 | withdrawn from the fleet in 1921, later cut into metal |
| HMS K10 | Vickers | June 28, 1915 | December 27, 1916 | May 26, 1917 | sold for scrap in 1921, sank when towed in 1922 |
| HMS K11 | Armstrong whitworth | October 1, 1915 | August 16, 1916 | February 1, 1917 | sold for scrap in 1921 |
| HMS K12 | Armstrong whitworth | October 1, 1915 | February 23, 1917 | August 1, 1917 | cut into metal in 1926 |
| HMS K13 / HMS K22 | Fairfield's | October 1, 1915 | November 11, 1916 | October 18, 1917 as K22 | sank in trials, 32 dead. Put into operation after repair under the name K22, cut into metal in 1926 |
| HMS K14 | Fairfield's | November 1, 1915 | February 8, 1917 | May 22, 1917 | cut into metal in 1925 |
| HMS K15 | Scott's | April 19, 1916 | October 31, 1917 | April 30, 1918 | sank in Portsmouth on June 25, 1921, in 1924 it was raised and cut into metal |
| HMS K16 | Beardmore's | June 1, 1916 | November 5, 1917 | April 13, 1918 | decommissioned in 1920, sold for scrap in 1924 |
| HMS K17 | Vickers | June 1, 1916 | April 10, 1917 | September 20, 1917 | sank on January 31, 1918 after a collision with the light cruiser HMS Fearless in the battle of May Island , 48 dead |
| HMS K18 | Vickers | in the early stages of construction reloaded as HMS M1 . Killed in a collision in 1925. | |||
| HMS K19 | Vickers | in the early stages of construction reloaded as HMS M2 . She died in the exercises in 1932. | |||
| HMS K20 | Armstrong whitworth | early re-built as HMS M3 | |||
| HMS K21 | Armstrong whitworth | completed as HMS M4, construction canceled | |||
| HMS K23 | Armstrong whitworth | construction canceled | |||
| HMS K24 | Armstrong whitworth | construction canceled | |||
| HMS K25 | Armstrong whitworth | construction canceled | |||
| HMS K26 | Vickers | June 1, 1918 | August 26, 1919 | June 28, 1923 | cut into metal in 1931 |
| HMS K27 | Vickers | construction canceled | |||
| HMS K28 | Vickers | construction canceled | |||
Notes
- ↑ Everitt, 2003 , p. 35.
- ↑ Everitt, 2003 , p. 44.
Literature
- Don Everit. Submarines of type “K” = K Boats: Steam-Powered Submarines in World War I. - M .: AST , 2003. - 284 p. - 4000 copies. - ISBN 5-17-020740-9 .
- DK Brown. The Grand Fleet, warship design and development 1906–1922 . - Caxton Editions, 2003. - ISBN 1-84067-531-4 .
- Preston, Antony. World's Worst Warships. - Conway's Maritime Press, 2002. - ISBN 0-85177-754-6 .
- Everitt, Don. K Boats: Steam-Powered Submarines in World War I. - Airlife Publishing. - ISBN 1-84037-057-2 .
- John Parker The Illustrated World Guide to Submarines. - London: Hermes House, 2007 .-- ISBN 0681636068 .
Links
- Wikimedia Commons has media related to K-type Submarines
- www.battleships-cruisers.co.uk - Type K (English)
- www.gwpda.org - types K and M (English)