Sorbonne ( fr. La Sorbonne ) - an architectural and historical monument, the center of the University of Paris in the capital of France ; located in the Latin Quarter of Paris ; is the property of the city.
The name of the Sorbonne comes from the theologian Robert de Sorbon , the confessor of King Louis IX of Saint , who founded the theological college in the city in the 13th century - Sorbonne College , which later entered the University of Paris. The term for adjacency was transferred to the university itself and has been assigned to it until today.
Sometimes used in the Russian-language media in relation to the Sorbonne, the name "Sorbonne University" is semantically incorrect.
Content
Architecture
The baroque facade of the building belongs to the Church of the Sorbonne - the chapel of St. Ursula of the Sorbonne; its construction was completed in 1642 . Since the adoption of the law on the separation of religion from the state in 1905, the building has been adapted for official receptions and exhibitions.
The Sorbonne Chapel is a national historical monument and has been under state protection since February 1887 . The Grand Amphitheater (along with other halls) is a historical monument since September 1975 .
History
The history of the Sorbonne begins before the XII century , but it was in 1215 that the University of Paris was formed, when several church schools merged and formed one of the first universities in Europe . Initially, he had 4 faculties: free arts , canon law , medicine and theology . Already in the XIII century, the university became one of the largest in Europe. After the strike of 1229-1231, the university received the right of local autonomy, reporting directly to the pope .
In 1257, the theologian Robert de Sorbon , the confessor of King Louis IX of Saint , founded the theological college in Paris for children from poor families; after 50 years, the college's fame overshadowed many theological institutions in Europe.
The XIV century was an opportune time to increase the power and authority of the Sorbonne school: the great schism of the Western church completely reduced the significance of Rome, there was a need for a higher, authoritative institution that would take over the protection of dogma: the Sorbonne was such an institution. In 1393, 54 Sorbonne doctors were authorized to present to the king their opinions on how to end the schism in the church. They proposed a measure, which was soon carried out, that is, a council of higher clergy and secular persons, who would be the judge of the feuding Avignon and Roman popes.
In 1554, the college was called the Sorbonne and gradually merged with the theological faculty of the University of Paris.
In the XVII century, the name Sorbonne spread throughout the University of Paris.
In the 18th century, the Sorbonne College was a wealthy institution run by a “pharmacist" with four doctors selected from among their members by all members. Finance was run by special officials appointed by the pharmacists .
In 1790, the Sorbonne College, as a theological school, ceased to exist. In 1808, by decree of Napoleon, his buildings were placed at the disposal of the University of Paris.
Sorbonne today
In 1968, the Sorbonne became one of the main centers for student performances under the ideas of the “ new left ”, known as “Red May” .
In 1970, the Sorbonne, or University of Paris , was reorganized into 13 universities, differing in areas of study and belonging to the three academies of Paris and the Paris region . Four of these universities are located mainly in the historical buildings of the Sorbonne, the rest - in other quarters of Paris and its suburbs. The universities of the Sorbonne have earned authority around the world.
The Sorbonne has the rector of the Paris Academy ( Académie de Paris ) and the Chancellery of the Universities of Paris ( Chancellerie des universités de Paris ). As well as the National Charter School , the Practical School of Higher Studies ( French École pratique des hautes études ) and partially the universities of Paris I , Paris III , Paris IV and Paris V. The Sorbonne Inter-University Library is also located in the Sorbonne [1] .
Thirteen Modern Universities
| I | University of Paris I - Pantheon-Sorbonne | site | Academy of Paris |
| II | University of Paris II - Pantheon Assas | site | Academy of Paris |
| III | University of Paris III - New Sorbonne | site | Academy of Paris |
| IV | University of Paris IV - Paris-Sorbonne | site | Academy of Paris |
| V | University of Paris Descartes (University of Paris V) | site | Academy of Paris |
| VI | University of Pierre and Marie Curie (University of Paris VI) | site | Academy of Paris |
| VII | University of Paris VII - Denis Didro | site | Academy of Paris |
| VIII | University of Paris VIII - Vincent Saint-Denis | site | Creteil Academy |
| IX | University of Paris-Dauphin (University of Paris IX) | site | Academy of Paris |
| X | University of Paris X - Nanterre (University of Western Paris - Nanterre la Défense) | site | Academy of Versailles |
| Xi | University of Paris XI - South Paris | site | Academy of Versailles |
| XII | University of Paris XII Val-de-Marne - Paris-Val-de-Marne | site | Creteil Academy |
| XIII | University of Paris XIII - Northern Paris | site | Creteil Academy |
See also
- Education in France
- List of oldest universities
- University of Bologna
- Oxford University
Notes
- ↑ La Sorbonne aujourd'hui et ses affectataires (French)
Literature
- Tarle E.V. Sorbonne // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- Wed Franklin, La Sorbonne (1875);
- Méric, La Sorbonne et son fondateur (1888);
- Rashdall, “A history of the universities in the middle ages” (L., 1895, v. 2: “Paris”).
Links
- Official website (fr.)
- Satellite image from Google Maps
- Academician V.I. Arnold on Teaching at the University of Paris: The Fifth Rule of Arithmetic