Platinum (IV) chloride

Platinum chloride
Platinum chloride
Are common
Systematic ; name	platinum (IV) chloride
Traditional names	platinum chloride
Chem. formula	PtCl 4
Physical properties
condition	reddish brown crystals
Molar mass	336.89 g / mol
Density	4,303 g / cm³
Thermal properties
T. melt.	different 370 ° C
Chemical properties
Water solubility	142.1 25 ; 367 80 g / 100 ml
Classification
Reg. CAS number	13454-96-1
Pubchem
Reg. EINECS number
SMILES
Inchi
Chemspider

Platinum (IV) chloride is an inorganic compound, a salt of platinum metal and hydrochloric acid with the formula PtCl ₄ , reddish-brown crystals, highly soluble in water, forms crystalline hydrates .

Content

Getting

Effect of chlorine on platinum metal:

{\mathsf {Pt+2Cl_{2}\ {\xrightarrow {275-300^{o}C}}\ PtCl_{4}}}

{\ displaystyle {\ mathsf {Pt + 2Cl_ {2} \ {\ xrightarrow {275-300 ^ {o} C}} \ PtCl_ {4}}}

The decomposition of hexachloroplatinate (IV) hydrogen when heated:

{\mathsf {H_{2}[PtCl_{6}]\cdot 6H_{2}O\ {\xrightarrow {275-300^{o}C,Cl_{2}}}\ PtCl_{4}+2HCl+6H_{2}O}}

{\ displaystyle {\ mathsf {H_ {2} [PtCl_ {6}] \ cdot 6H_ {2} O \ {\ xrightarrow {275-300 ^ {o} C, Cl_ {2}} \ PtCl_ {4} + 2HCl + 6H_ {2} O}}}

The decomposition of hexachloroplatinate (IV) potassium when heated:

{\mathsf {K_{2}[PtCl_{6}]\ {\xrightarrow {250^{o}C}}\ PtCl_{4}+2KCl}}

{\ displaystyle {\ mathsf {K_ {2} [PtCl_ {6}] \ {\ xrightarrow {250 ^ {o} C}} \ PtCl_ {4} + 2KCl}}}

Physical Properties

Platinum (IV) chloride forms reddish-brown crystals.

It is well dissolved in water.

Forms crystalline hydrates of the composition PtCl ₄ • n H ₂ O, where n = 1, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10.

Chemical Properties

Decomposes when heated (internal disproportionation ):

{\mathsf {2PtCl_{4}\ {\xrightarrow {370-380^{o}C}}\ (Pt^{II}Pt^{IV})Cl_{6}+Cl_{2}}}

{\ displaystyle {\ mathsf {2PtCl_ {4} \ {\ xrightarrow {370-380 ^ {o} C}} \ (Pt ^ {II} Pt ^ {IV}) Cl_ {6} + Cl_ {2}}} }

Crystalline hydrate decomposes differently when heated:

{\mathsf {PtCl_{4}\cdot 10H_{2}O\ {\xrightarrow {100^{o}C}}\ [Pt(H_{2}O)_{2}Cl_{4}+8H_{2}O}}

{\ displaystyle {\ mathsf {PtCl_ {4} \ cdot 10H_ {2} O \ {\ xrightarrow {100 ^ {o} C}} \ [Pt (H_ {2} O) _ {2} Cl_ {4} + 8H_ {2} O}}}

Hydrolyzed with hot water:

{\mathsf {PtCl_{4}+(n+2)H_{2}O\ {\xrightarrow {100^{o}C}}\ PtO_{2}\cdot nH_{2}O+4HCl}}

{\ displaystyle {\ mathsf {PtCl_ {4} + (n + 2) H_ {2} O \ {\ xrightarrow {100 ^ {o} C}} \ PtO_ {2} \ cdot nH_ {2} O + 4HCl} }}

With concentrated hydrochloric acid or alkali metal chlorides forms hexachloroplatinates (IV):

{\mathsf {PtCl_{4}+2HCl\ {\xrightarrow {}}\ H_{2}[PtCl_{6}]}}

{\ displaystyle {\ mathsf {PtCl_ {4} + 2HCl \ {\ xrightarrow {}} \ H_ {2} [PtCl_ {6}}}}

{\mathsf {PtCl_{4}+2NaCl\ {\xrightarrow {}}\ Na_{2}[PtCl_{6}]\downarrow }}

{\ displaystyle {\ mathsf {PtCl_ {4} + 2NaCl \ {\ xrightarrow {}} \ Na_ {2} [PtCl_ {6}] \ downarrow}}}

It is reduced by hydrogen :

{\mathsf {PtCl_{4}+2H_{2}\ {\xrightarrow {250-300^{o}C}}\ Pt+4HCl}}

{\ displaystyle {\ mathsf {PtCl_ {4} + 2H_ {2} \ {\ xrightarrow {250-300 ^ {o} C}} \ Pt + 4HCl}}}

Slowly oxidizes formic acid :

{\mathsf {PtCl_{4}+2HCOOH\ {\xrightarrow {\tau }}\ Pt\downarrow +2CO_{2}\uparrow +4HCl}}

{\ displaystyle {\ mathsf {PtCl_ {4} + 2HCOOH \ {\ xrightarrow {\ tau}} \ Pt \ downarrow + 2CO_ {2} \ uparrow + 4HCl}}}

With platinum mobile it contributes

{\mathsf {PtCl_{4}+Pt\ {\xrightarrow {300^{o}C}}\ PtCl_{2}}}

{\ displaystyle {\ mathsf {PtCl_ {4} + Pt \ {\ xrightarrow {300 ^ {o} C}} \ PtCl_ {2}}}

Literature

Chemical Encyclopedia / Redkol .: Knunyants I.L. et al. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1992. - Vol. 3. - 639 p. - ISBN 5-82270-039-8 .
Chemist Handbook / Redkol .: Nikolsky B.P. et al. - 3rd ed., Rev. - L .: Chemistry, 1971. - T. 2. - 1168 p.
Lidin R.A. and other Chemical properties of inorganic substances: Proc. manual for universities. - 3rd ed., Corr. - M .: Chemistry, 2000. - 480 p. - ISBN 5-7245-1163-0 .
Ripan R., Chetyanu I. Inorganic chemistry. Metal Chemistry. - M .: Mir, 1972. - T. 2. - 871 p.