The Shalimovskoe and Kraskovskoye swamps are a swamp in the Yaroslavl region ( Russia ), on the border of the Rybinsky , Myshkinsky and Bolsheselsky districts. The swamp is elongated in the north-south direction, its northern part, according to the topographic map, is called Kraskovsky, and the southern Shalimovsky swamp, but there is no definite border between them. In some sources, the entire swamp is called Shalimovskoe. [1] Alternative name Boloto Bolshoi near the village of Shalimovo [2] . It is protected in accordance with the Decision of the Small Council of the Yaroslavl Regional Council of People's Deputies dated 05.27.93 No. 118 "On Specially Protected Natural Territories of the Yaroslavl Region" and the Resolution of the Administration of the Yaroslavl Region dated 01.21.05 No. 8 "On Specially Protected Natural Territories of the Yaroslavl Region". [3]
| Shalimovskoe and Kraskovskoye swamps | |
|---|---|
| Specifications | |
| Length | 12.2 km |
| Width | 3.5 km |
| Deepest | 2 m |
| Average depth | 1,5 m |
| Location | |
| A country |
|
| The subject of the Russian Federation | Yaroslavskaya oblast |
The swamp is located on the right bank of the Volga , on a flat hill, 122–128 m high, in the interfluve of the Volga, its right tributary Yukhoti and the right tributary Yukhoti Koyka . In the northeast, the swamp merges with the Great Moss swamp. The length of the swamp from north to south is about 12.2 km, the width in the east-west direction is up to 3.5 km. The center has coordinates [four]
The extreme northern point of the swamp is the now defunct village of Kraskovo, which is located 1 km south of the uninhabited but still existing village of Tarbino . In this village - the name Kraskovsky swamp . The environs of Kraskovo, the northwestern and northeastern edges of the swamp, are covered by a network of reclamation ditches. These ditches divert water to a stream that flows into the Volga between the villages of Rypy and Volodino , about 5 km west of the swamp. [four]
The Koyka River, which begins in the Great Moss swamp, flows from north to south, performing a drainage function. The eastern edge of the Kraskovsky and Shalimovsky bogs is located about 2 km from the river, and this two-kilometer strip is covered with a birch-spruce forest, sometimes swampy. In the Koika Valley, there were many villages and small cultivated fields among the forest. The northern part of the valley (upper reaches) belongs to the Rybinsk region, and the main part to the Bolsheselsky. This region is difficult to access in terms of transport, so the number of residents there is constantly decreasing. Currently, part of the villages no longer exists, many exist, but they do not have a permanent population. These are villages (from north to south): Kraskovo (does not exist), Osino (does not exist), Zhitnitsyno (no population), Kocherovo (does not exist), Unified (does not exist), Ratkovo (no population), Zady (does not exist) , Nikanovo (3 people), Pavlovo (13 people), Varshutino (doesn't exist), Luchkino (1 people), Inarkhovo (doesn't exist), Frolovskoye (4 people). [4] , [5]
The southern edge of the swamp forms the Yukhot River Valley, flowing from east to west. Between the swamp and the river there is a forest, up to 4 km wide. Almost along the southern edge of the swamp in the east-west direction there is an asphalt road from the P104 road running from south to north to Novy Selo . On this road is the village of Anikovo , which can be considered the southern edge of the swamp. [four]
On the western side, the swamp is bounded by a forest that stretches between the swamp and the Volga coast and has a width of 4-5 km. This forest is inhabited only along the banks of the Volga. On the side of the Volga, on the edge of the swamp, is the only village with no permanent population, Shalimovo , which gave the name to the swamp. [four]
The depth of the swamp in the northern part is 1 m, in the central part 2 m, in the southern part - 1.8 m. There are small lakes: Large ( ) and Small ( ) Zhitnitsky (sometimes Kraskovsky) lakes south-west of the village of Zhitnitsy, Oryol (sometimes Shalimovskoe ) ( ) southeast of the village of Shalimovo. [4] The depth of the lakes reaches 10 m. [1]
Rare plants grow in the swamp, of which 17 species are listed in the regional Red Book . Among them are crowberry , an evergreen undersized shrub with leaves similar to needles. Shrub gives blue berries, edible, but not tasty. [one]
In the fall of 1941, during the Great Patriotic War , a partisan base was prepared on the swamp, on which units could shelter, defending the fortified area located to the west of the Volga coast, but the fighting did not reach these limits. [one]
The swamp is a nature reserve and a key ornithological territory of international importance. Students of Yaroslavl State University conduct research work here. [1] The Russian Bird Conservation Union names the main rare inhabitants of the territory: the gray crane (Grus grus), the white partridge (subspecies Lagopus lagopus rossicus), the white-fronted goose (Anser albifrons), the gray goose (Anser anser), the mallard (Anas platyrhynchos), - whistle (Anas crecca), fifi (Tringa glareola), black (Tringa ochropus), Curlew (Numenius arquata), blue-headed gull (Larus canus), black-headed gull (Larus ridibundus). [6]
Sources
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 D.V. Vlasov. Lakes, ponds, swamps of the Yaroslavl region. Rybinsk, Mediarost, 2014.96 pp. ISBN 978-5-906070-30-2 (v.14)
- ↑ V.V. Gorokhova, O.A. Makaraev. Ecosystems of swamps of the Yaroslavl region. Yaroslavl State University P. G. Demidova, 2009. ISBN 978-5-8397-0717-7
- ↑ Protected areas of Russia. Bolot Bolshoy near the village Shalimovo
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 Map sheet O-37-78 Big Village . Scale: 1: 100,000. Status of the terrain for 1981. 1986 edition
- ↑ Information on the population by municipalities, settlements and settlements that are part of the Yaroslavl region (as of January 1, 2007)
- ↑ Russian Bird Conservation Union. COTR of European Russia: Swamp Shalimovskoe - YaR-002