Plekhanov, Ivan Efimovich

Ivan Efimovich Plekhanov was born on September 14 (27), 1917 in the village of Ilyinka, Timsky district, Kursk province of the Russian Republic (now the village of the Priestensky district of the Kursk region of the Russian Federation ) in a peasant family. Russian He graduated from 7 classes and 1 course of the Kursk Railway College.

I.E. Plekhanov was drafted into the ranks of the Workers 'and Peasants' Red Army in 1936. He graduated from the Kachinsky Red Banner Military Aviation School named after A.F. Myasnikov in 1938. He served in the 16th Fighter Aviation Regiment of the 57th Fighter Aviation Brigade of the Air Defense Forces of the Moscow Military District , which was stationed at the airport in Malakhovka, Moscow Region . Shortly before the outbreak of war, the regiment became part of the 6th fighter aviation corps of the air defense of Moscow .

In battles with the Nazi invaders, Lieutenant I.E. Plekhanov from June 22, 1941. He fought on the MiG-3 and Curtiss P-40 aircraft. From the first days of the war he participated in patrolling air approaches to Moscow. In August 1941, he was transferred to the 17th Fighter Aviation Regiment of the 6th Fighter Aviation Corps of Moscow Air Defense, which soon departed for the Leningrad Front , where it became part of the 39th Fighter Aviation Division ^[2] . Member of the defense of Leningrad . The first enemy Me-109 fighter, Ivan Efimovich, shot down on September 17, 1941 in the sky above the village of Kipuya, Volkhov District, Leningrad Region . By the beginning of 1942, I.E. Plekhanov was promoted to senior lieutenant and transferred to the 158th fighter aviation regiment of the 7th fighter aviation corps of the Leningrad Air Defense Army of the Leningrad Front, where he was appointed commander of the aviation link and deputy commander of the aviation squadron.

On June 26, 1942, in an effort to destroy the railway bridge and blow up the dam of the Volkhov hydroelectric station , the Germans launched a massive raid, in which 56 Yu-88 bombers and 12 Me-109 fighters took part. Five Soviet fighters, led by senior lieutenant Plekhanov, entered the battle and forced the German bombers to drop bombs into the swamp and retreat. During an air battle 13 enemy aircraft were shot down, 2 of which were Plekhanov’s personal account. Ivan Efremovich was wounded in the face and arm in this battle and was cured by the end of July 1942. July 28, 1942 he led the four fighters to cover the ground forces and entered the battle with 9 bombers Yu-87 and 12 fighter Me-109. In an unequal battle, Plekhanov's group won and returned without loss to their airfield. Ivan Efimovich in this battle shot down 3 German aircraft. On August 2, 1942, Senior Lieutenant I.E. Plekhanov led the four fighters to intercept a large group of bombers following under cover of fighters, while Ivan Efimovich shot down two Yu-88s. In the ensuing aerial battle, Plekhanov's group shot down seven enemy aircraft. The rest, not reaching the goal, turned back. On the same day, in the area of ​​Uritsk (now within the city of St. Petersburg ), I.E. Plekhanov joined the battle with eight enemy fighters as part of the four fighters. In a dogfight, Senior Lieutenant Plekhanov shot down one Me-109, but his right arm was torn off by rupture of a shell to Ivan Efimovich. After treatment at the hospital, Senior Lieutenant I.E. Plekhanov was declared unfit for flight service.

By August 1942, Senior Lieutenant I. E. Plekhanov made 244 sorties and personally shot down 11 enemy planes in 34 air battles ^[3] . The unit under the command of Ivan Efimovich made 518 sorties and shot down 13 enemy aircraft in 50 air battles.

By a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of January 28, 1943, for the exemplary performance of command missions at the front of the battle against the German invaders and the courage and heroism shown to Ivan Yefimovich Plekhanov, he was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union.

Until the end of the war, captain I.E. Plekhanov served as a teacher at the Lyubertsy Higher Officer School of Air Combat ^[4] . After the war, he continued to serve in the General Staff of the USSR Air Force. In 1956, with the rank of Colonel I.E. Plekhanov, he retired. He worked in the Pervomaisky District Executive Committee of Moscow. Died April 19, 2005. He was buried in Moscow, at the Troekurovsky cemetery .

• Medal "Golden Star" (01/28/1943);
• Order of Lenin (01/28/1943);
• Order of the Red Banner (08.16.1942);
• Order of the Patriotic War of 1 degree (1985);
• two orders of the Red Star (08/19/1942; 11/19/1951);
• medals, including:

medal "For the Defense of Leningrad" .

• A plaque in honor of the Hero of the Soviet Union I.E. Plekhanov was erected in Moscow at 6 Parkovaya Street, 13.
• The name of the Hero of the Soviet Union I.E. Plekhanov is immortalized at the memorial complex in the village of Glebychevo, Vyborg District, Leningrad Region.

• Plekhanov Ivan Efimovich // Heroes of the Soviet Union: A Brief Biographical Dictionary / Prev. ed. collegium I. N. Shkadov . - M .: Military Publishing , 1988. - T. 2 / Love - Yashchuk /. - 863 s. - 100,000 copies. - ISBN 5-203-00536-2 .
• Bykov M. Yu. Asa of the Great Patriotic War. The most successful pilots of 1941-1945 . - M .: Yauza: EKSMO, 2007 .-- S. 1029. - 1477 p. - ISBN 978-5-699-20526-4 .
• Nobleman E., Yaroshenko A. A new assault is thwarted // In the Ring of Fire . - Tallinn: Eesti Raamat, 1977 .-- 239 p.
• Burning hatred // Heroes of the fiery years: essays about Muscovites - Heroes of the Soviet Union / Institute of History of the USSR Academy of Sciences of the USSR , Institute of Military History of the Ministry of Defense of the USSR ; editor: A.M. Sinitsyn (ed. ed.) and others. - Book 1. - M .: Moscow Worker , 1975. - S. 219–223. - 759 p.
• On the approaches to Leningrad // Golden Stars of Prikamye / comp .: I. A. Kondaurov , S. I. Mokrousov. - 3rd ed., Ext. - Perm: Perm book publishing house, 1974. - 487 p.
• Burov A.V. Interview took place twenty years later // Your Heroes, Leningrad . - 2nd ed., Ext. - L .: Lenizdat , 1970 .-- 639 p.
• Falcons / comp .: P.I. Kuznetsov, M.I. Yalygin. - L .: Lenizdat, 1971. - S. 3-14. - 344 p.

• Public electronic document bank “The Feat of the People in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945” (neopr.) . Date of treatment June 7, 2012. Archived March 13, 2012.

Presentation to the title of Hero of the Soviet Union (Neopr.) . Date of treatment June 7, 2012. Archived September 24, 2012.

Order of the Red Banner (Neopr.) . Date of treatment June 7, 2012. Archived September 24, 2012.

• Plekhanov, Ivan Efimovich (Russian) . Site " Heroes of the country ".
• Soviet aces (neopr.) . Date of treatment June 3, 2013. Archived June 3, 2013.
• I.E. Plekhanov on the website of the N.K. Krupskaya IOGSB (neopr.) (Inaccessible link) . Date of treatment June 3, 2013. Archived on May 21, 2013.
• Heroes of the Soviet Union of the Leningrad Front. Ivan Plekhanov (neopr.) . Date of treatment June 3, 2013. Archived June 3, 2013.