Palmyeri, Matteo

Matteo Palmieri ( Italian: Matteo Palmieri ; January 13, 1406 , Florence - April 13, 1475 , Florence ) - Italian humanist, born in a family of Florentine pharmacists. He graduated from the University of Florence . Known as a politician. From 1432 to 1475, he held more than fifty different posts in Florence, was twice elected to the top post of the gonfalonier of justice (1452, 1468). The representative of civil humanism .

In the humanistic teachings of Palmyeri, the main emphasis is placed on the social nature of human nature, which is revealed in civic activism, in the service of the common good (defining the principle of Palmiieri ethics), in the subordination of personal interests to collective ones.

Palmiieri outlined the principles of civil humanism, ethical-political and pedagogical ideas in the dialogue “ On Civil Life ” (c. 1439). He did not condemn the pursuit of wealth, hoarding, provided that the fortune was acquired honestly. The political ideal of Palmyeri is a popolan republic in which power belongs both to the top and middle class of citizens. In a later poem, “ City of Life ” (1464), Palmyeri reflects on the causes of social injustice, linking it with the rule of private property. Palmiieri is the author of a number of historical works: “The Biography of Niccolo Achchayuoli ” (c. 1440), “ On the Capture of Pisa ” (40s), “ The History of Florence ” (begun in 1432, covers events until 1474) and other. Of particular interest are Palmiieri’s public speeches, in particular, “ Speech on Justice ” (1437 or 1440), where justice is justified as a norm of morality and law. The true bearers of justice, according to Palmyeri, are full citizens, people.

Palmiere's friends were Leonardo Bruni , Poggio Bracciolini , Alamanno Rinuccini and other humanists.