Volzhanka , or arunkus ( lat. Arúncus ) - a small genus of dicotyledonous flowering plants in the family Pink ( Rosaceae ).
| Volzhanka | |||||||||||||||||||||||
 Volzhanka ordinary | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Scientific classification | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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| International scientific name | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Aruncus L. , 1758 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Type view | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Aruncus sylvester Kostel. ex maxim. , 1879 [2] - Volzhanka forest | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Title
The scientific name of the genus Aruncus was first used by Karl Linnaeus in 1758 in the book Opera Varia . There, Linnaeus points out that earlier, in particular, in the work of Turner, this plant was called Barba caprae . The nomenclature type of the genus was the name Spiraea aruncus from Species plantarum of 1753, but Aruncus aruncus , proposed by G. Karsten , cannot be valid according to Articles 23.4 and 32.1 of the ICBN . The first name, proposed as a synonym for Spiraea aruncus in the genus Aruncus , was Aruncus sylvester V.F. Kosteletsky , however, it was also invalid (“naked” - nomen nudum ), since Kosteletsky did not indicate its synonym for the Linnean species. In 1879, K.I. Maksimovich took the name of Kosteletsky and connected it with Linnaeus. Thus, the type species of the genus is Aruncus sylvester Kostel. ex maxim. In the case of combining all species of the genus into one, the correct name for it is Aruncus dioicus , since the epithet dioicus with respect to this plant was first used in 1788.
Botanical Description
Representatives of the genus are dioecious perennial herbaceous plants with thick rhizomes. The leaves are complex, twice or thrice pinnately dissected. Leaflets with a deeply serrated edge. Stipules absent.
The flowers are usually dioecious, less often bisexual, small, collected in large numbers in a complex panicle brush . The cup is five - lobed. Hypanthium is flat, saucer-shaped. Corolla white or pale yellow, consists of five petals. Stamens in the amount of 15-30, in male flowers long, in female flowers - short, underdeveloped. Pestles are free, from 3 to 5, with a curved column, in male flowers are underdeveloped. Ovary with several ovules.
The fruit is a leaflet with a leathery pericarp, opening along the abdominal suture. Seeds are very small, rod-shaped.
Range and Significance
Volzhanka is widespread throughout the temperate zone of the Northern Hemisphere. It prefers shady moist places, it is not rare in the mountains and in the subalpine zone.
Since the 17th century, Volzhanka has been grown as an ornamental plant. Previously, this plant was used in medicine as an anti-fever remedy.
Classification
| 8 more families (according to APG II System ) | 6 more tribes | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1–4 species | |||||||||||||||||||
| order rosaceae | subfamily Plum | kind Volzhanka | |||||||||||||||||
| Department of Flowering, or Angiosperms | pink family | Tribe Spiraea | |||||||||||||||||
| another 44 order flowering plants (according to APG II System ) | subfamilies Rosane and Dryadovye (according to APG II System ) | 8 more births, including Spirea and Siberian | |||||||||||||||||
Synonyms
- Pleiosepalum Hand.-Mazz. , 1922
Views
The genus includes 1–4 or more species, the boundaries between which are blurred, often they all combine into one polymorphic species - A. dioicus .
- Aruncus aethusifolius ( H.Lév. ) Nakai , 1912 - Lupus vulgaris
- Aruncus dioicus ( Walter ) Fernald , 1939 - Volzhanka ordinary , or dioecious
- [ syn. Aruncus vulgaris (Maxim.) Raf. ex H. Hara , 1935, nom. illeg. ]
- Aruncus gombalanus (Hand.-Mazz.) Hand.-Mazz., 1923
- Aruncus sylvester Kostel. ex Maxim., 1879 - Volzhanka forest
According to the database of The Plant List , the genus includes 2 species [3] - Aruncus dioicus and A. gombalanus .
Notes
- ↑ For the conventionality of specifying the class of dicotyledons as a superior taxon for the plant group described in this article, see the APG Systems section of the Dicotyledonous article .
- ↑ Information on the genus Aruncus (Eng.) In the Index Nominum Genericorum database of the International Association for Plant Taxonomy (IAPT) .
- ↑ Aruncus . The Plant List . Version 1.1. (2013). Date of treatment January 9, 2017.
Literature
- Poyarkova A.I. Genus 720. Volzhanka - Aruncus // Flora of the USSR : in 30 tons / chap. ed. V.L. Komarov . - M .; L .: Publishing House of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR , 1939. - T. 9 / ed. volumes S.V. Yuzepchuk . - S. 309-312. - 540, XIX p. - 5200 copies.
- Kalkman, C. The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. - Springer. - 2004. - Vol. VI. - P. 356-357. - 489 p. - ISBN 3-540-06512-1 .