The Tennessee Army ( The Army of Tennessee ) was the main army of the Confederation in the space between the Appalachian Mountains and the Mississippi River during the Civil War . Named for the state of Tennessee , it was formed at the end of 1862 and operated until the very end of the war, participating in all major battles of the western theater of war. It should not be confused with the Federal Tennessee Army (Army of the Tennessee), whose name is taken from the Tennessee River.
| Tennessee army | |
|---|---|
 1864 Battle Flag | |
| Years of existence | November 20, 1862 - April 26, 1865 |
| A country |  |
| Included in | Confederate States of America Armed Forces |
| Type of | army |
| Includes | infantry cavalry artillery |
| Function | state defense |
| Dislocation | military districts (departments) |
| Participation in | U.S. Civil War |
| Commanders | |
| Famous commanders | Bragg, Braxton Joseph Johnston John Bell Hood |
Content
History
After failure at Perreville in October 1862, the Mississippi Army of General Braxton Bragg retreated to Harrodsburg, where it merged with the army of Kirby Smith. Having some supply problems, Bragg retreated to Tennessee, Knoxville and Chattanooga, then turned northwest, and, passing Tullahoma, stood near Murfreesboro . The Mississippi Army was combined with the Kentucky Army of Edmund Kirby Smith and was renamed the Tennessee Army on November 20. The first battle test of the new army was the Battle of Stone River , which was not entirely successful and Bragg was forced to retreat to Tullahom. During the Battle of Stone River, the Tennessee Army consisted of two corps and a cavalry division:
- Leonidas Regiment Corps:
- Benjamin Chitem Division
- Johns Whiters Division
- William Hardy Corps:
- John Breckinridge Division
- Patrick Kleibern Division
- John McCone Division
- Joseph Wheeler Cavalry Division
Organization
Battles and Campaigns
- Kentucky Campaign (Bragg)
- Battle of Perreville
- The Battle of Stone River (Bragg)
- Battle of Chicamog (Bragg)
- Battle of Chattanooga (Bragg)
- Battle of Atlanta (Johnston, Hood)
- Franklin Nashville Campaign (Hood)
- Battle of Franklin
- Battle of Nashville
- Carolina Campaign (Johnston)
- The Battle of Bentonville
Notes
Literature
- Connelly, Thomas Lawrence, Army of the Heartland: The Army of Tennessee, 1861-1862 , Louisiana State Univ Press, 1967, ISBN 0-8071-0404-3 .
- Connelly, Thomas Lawrence, Autumn of Glory: The Army of Tennessee, 1862-1865 , Louisiana State University Press, 1996, ISBN 0-8071-0445-0 .
- Daniel, Larry J., Soldiering in the Army of Tennessee: A Portrait of Life in a Confederate Army , University of North Carolina Press, 1991, ISBN 0-8078-2004-0 .
- Haughton, Andrew, Training, Tactics and Leadership in the Confederate Army of Tennessee , Routledge, 2000, ISBN 0-7146-5032-3 .
- Horn, Stanley Fitzgerald, The Army of Tennessee , University of Oklahoma Press, 1941 (reprinted 1993), ISBN 0-8061-2565-9 .
- Liddell, St. John Richardson, Liddell's Record , American Society for Training & Development, 1997, ISBN 0-89029-314-7 .
- McMurry, Richard M., Two Great Rebel Armies: An Essay in Confederate Military History , Univ of North Carolina Press, 1989, ISBN 0-8078-1819-4 .
- Woodworth, Steven E., Jefferson Davis and His Generals: The Failure of Confederate Command in the West , University Press of Kansas, 1990, ISBN 0-7006-0567-3 .